6-isizukulwane fighter. Fighter jet: izithombe kanye Ukucaciswa

Air Force - omunye imindeni elikhulu amasosha Russia. Ukuphakama kwezobuchwepheshe izindiza - umbandela obaluleke kunayo ukulwa emakhono Air Force. Futhi ngakho ibutho Lezwe isihambile imibuso yezwe - Russia, USA, China - ukufuna kulokhu ukuba isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi lonke iplanethi. Futhi-ke ukufuna hhayi kuphela ukuze ingalo amaviyo alo sovremennymii amasampula imishini, kodwa futhi ukuba bahlanganyele ukuthuthukiswa eziphambili. Kubandakanya zezindiza.

Ngubani esifubeni amahhovisi eziningi ubunjiniyela global esungulwe 6 isizukulwane fighter. Imishini "junior" lifaka kakade kokuba ekhiqizwa futhi fly. Baye ezikhishwe baseRussia amaMelika, futhi, ngokusho kwabanye imibiko, amaShayina. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi esiyinhloko sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe wamabutho kazwelonke we Air Force kuyoba kwaqedwa fighters okungenhla. Lapho ongakulindela ukubukeka yale mishini?

Indlela 6 izizukulwane

Empeleni, ngesisekelo salokho ngemibandela walilwela emisha chasiselwe izindiza 6 isizukulwane? Phakathi main, ukuthi babizwa ochwepheshe - Indiza ezizimele. Okusho ukuthi, umshini ngeke uphathe abantu nekhompyutha - ngokuzenzakalela noma ukuxhumana akude nabantu. Nokho, zikhona ochwepheshe emkhakheni zezindiza, abathi fighter isizukulwane 6 kungenziwa injini. Kungenzeka, ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi isigaba entsha ye imoto kuzotholakala ubuchwepheshe implementations ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Kukhona inguqulo okungukuthi eduze aviators American umqondo unmanned neRussia, esikhundleni salokho, ingenye lapho izindiza uzobe kulawulwa indoda. Abaklami kusuka e-United States, njengoba kwaphawulwa encwadini imithombo eminingana ibalwa kanjalo unike fighters i ukumelana emangalisayo okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuze overload, kusukela robot bazokwazi ukumelana nabo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. AmaRashiya yena, bavame ukuba bakholelwe ukuthi akukho computer akakwazi usebenze umshini ezingeni womuntu. Nokho, endaweni izindiza ezivela eRussia nase abasekeli abaningi futhi imiqondo unmanned. Nokho, njengoba kuphawulwe Ochwepheshe abathile, kule ngxenye onjiniyela Russian athé kunabayeni nozakwabo Western. Ngo isiqinisekiso zalokhu ukuhlolwa akuphumelelanga we izindlela zakamuva izimoto unmanned ezidalwe WaseRussia. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi le fighter 6-isizukulwane Russia, ochwepheshe bathi, nabanye kungenzeka ukudala ngesisekelo umqondo, okuzokwenza uphathe abantu ngendiza.

Phakathi nezinye izici ezibalulekile imishini owawunekusasa ochwepheshe shayela iphrofayela ongaphakeme okungavamile. Izinga lamanje ubuchwepheshe "ngobuqili" izindiza inikeza isivikelo izinhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela akuyona 100%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma sithatha lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu emoyeni ukuzivikela missile izinhlelo, ezifana, isibonelo, Russian S-400, i- "ngobuqili" emazingeni zamanje - neze isithiyo kubo. Nokho, 6-isizukulwane fighter kulindeleke ukuba izazi, uzokwazi ukushiya Ngenxa yokuphelelwa umsebenzi, ngisho kunazo obusezingeni izinhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela ngezithukuthuku esilayidi. Phela, nalezi zindlela ezingenhla kungaba umphelelisi anti-air izivikelo (anti-imicibisholo, decoys, njll).

Umbandela elilandelayo - ngesilinganiso uhlasela ephakeme fighter kuqhathaniswa isizukulwane esedlule sakwa-imishini. Uma manje esheshayo izindiza zempi flying ne Inkomba mayelana 3 Mach, ukuthuthukiswa 6-isizukulwane kulindeleke ukuba akwazi ukunqoba embundwini 5. isivinini Cruising (ngaphandle ukuvula wagxila afterburner) fighters entsha, ochwepheshe bathi, nakanjani kube leSupersonic. Futhi ke uzokwazi ukuthola ngokushesha okungaka. Cishe, ijubane Cruising ka fighter esizayo kuyoba ezifanayo namuhla afterburning isivinini - Mach 1.5-2. Enye ukusebenza izinjini kungenzeka efakwe fighters Ultrafast - kahle eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa wakhe, indiza ingandiza ngaphandle refueling isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke qhubeka izulazula amabanga ezinkulu eyisihlobo lezisekelo zawo.

Ngokombono isakhi umbono 6 isizukulwane umshini, njengoba izazi zikholelwa kuyoba ergonomic kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi olunye uphiko, isibonelo, kuyinto esikhathini esiningi lisuke limbozwe lo fuselage. Kukhona ithuba, izazi zithi fighters okuqondene 6 isizukulwane zomhlaba ngeke ifakwe mpo umsila evele. Mhlawumbe ngaleso inhliziyo umklamo indiza welithi "iphiko flying" (efana Futuristic ezibukeka B-2, esimelela ku US Air Force).

Kanjani izobukeka fighter entsha? Photography, okuyinto ephansi, angasinika orientation eseduze.

Cishe 6 umshini sizukulwane asisoze maneuverability (kuhlanganise isimo indiza ngesivinini okukhulu). Ukuze wenze lokhu, wonke amamodeli anemisila izinjini nge wagxila vectoring. Indiza kumelwe kube lula ukuhamba e emakhoneni mayelana degrees 60. Kungani izinga indiza, uma short-range emoyeni izimpi ziyotholakala singenakwenzeka? Iphuzu eliyinhloko umbono ngalolu amaphuzu - maneuverability ivumela fighters ukuhambisa ngaphakathi kohlaka okubizwa ngokuthi "missile ukuzivikela" trajectories. Okusho ukuthi, lapho ikhanda yesiteleka on indlela kusuka SAM, umshini kungalimaza kakhulu ukuyeka. ezicitshwayo Antiaircraft, ngaleyo ndlela, ukububala le iqhinga uwela ebanzi uphawu.

Yini enye niyozenezelelwa fighter entsha? Singalindela ukubukeka kuzo okungcono, uma kuqhathaniswa ne ekhona, lo mshini nokuxhumana izinto eliwumhlaba. Kepha akusikho lokho kuphela ezweni kodwa futhi kolwandle, isikhala, noma ngisho ngaphansi kwamanzi. Fighter engcono esizukulwaneni yakamuva, ochwepheshe bathi - nguye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, bakwazi ukuxhumana ngokushesha kunokuba nenye idatha Tactical futhi amasu kusukela maphakathi umyalo nezinye izindiza, ukuthola ulwazi kusuka kumasathalayithi. Konke lokhu kuzovumela umshayeli ukuze uthole ngaphambi abaphikisi e izinqumo ezisemqoka ezithinta impumelelo mission ukulwa.

Futhi, cishe, ningatholakala lempi 6 isizukulwane uzobe ifakwe izikhali nge engaba olukhudlwana ukulwa umsebenzi kuka namuhla uvumele amasampula. Kukhona inguqulo kwaba ngenxa yezinsiza ukubandakanya Okuqondiwe bekude imoto ekwazi ukumelana ngeziqu zamehlo izinhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela yakamuva. Ngokwesibonelo, okufana sizokwazi ulwe rocket kwethulwa ngisho phambi radar kuthola indiza zenith eziyinkimbinkimbi. Mhlawumbe Imishini yamuva uzobe ifakwe hhayi kuphela imicibisholo, okuyinto ngokuyinhloko asetshenziswa manje, kodwa futhi laser ukufaka. Futhi injongo ezahlukene kakhulu: njengoba lezo zenzelwe zempi umsakazo-elekthronikhi (ukukhubaza Avionics isitha) kanye lasers ezingaba hit okuhloswe ngokwabo. Kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sikhali nalo kagesi. Labo kweminsalo, okufanele ukubeka umshini 6-isizukulwane fly ngesilinganiso yokuthi uhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela abanakukwazi ukuhlanganyela emsebenzini ngabo "ukuhambisana."

Ingabe fighter wezwe best?

Omunye umbuzo othakazelisayo. Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa - akunakwenzeka ukuba umuntu kusukela abaklami bezindiza ungakha elibanzi fighter engcono kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi umshini eziyisithupha-isizukulwane uzobe wasungula, ezingeni lobuchwepheshe kuzo kufanele kube mayelana efanayo. Mayelana nalesi simo manje ne 5th isizukulwane bomlilo. Russian T-50 ne-US-F-22, sisonke, ngokusho kongoti eziningi, banamakhono efanayo kakhulu futhi amazinga afanayo ubuchwepheshe. Futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi fighters of 3rd futhi yesizukulwane esingu-4, ekhiqizwa e-Russia (kanti ngaphambi kwalokho - eSoviet Union), kwezinye izimo, ochwepheshe njengoba abaningi becabanga kanjalo, kwaba ikhanda ende edlula nozakwabo American, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Ngokuphathelene 6 izizukulwane, kunenkolelo kochwepheshe, ngisho noma abanye izindiza kuzoholela, isibonelo, isivinini, asikho isiqinisekiso sokuthi nezinye izingxenye (isib, maneuverability), bengavumi ukukunika izimbangi. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu ukusekela umshini kusuka kwamanye amagatsha yesevisi - isikhala, emoyeni ukuzivikela, lasolwandle, emisebenzini ethile - futhi kutsho.

Ingabe ngidinga indiza Russian 6 izizukulwane?

Imvelo kule ochwepheshe zezindiza babe nombono wokuthi 6-isizukulwane fighter, futhi abamdingi wamabutho banamuhla ngokunenzuzo, kuhlanganise Russian. Ukweseka inikeza izinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo agumenti. Ngosuku lokuqala luka-kubo - amasistimu emoyeni ukuzivikela ezothuthukiswa namanje more uye wakwenza ngokuzimisela kuka inqubo ezinamaphiko. Futhi-ke ngokuphelele okungalungile, izazi zikholelwa ukudala lwemikhumbi entsha futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, fighter ibiza ngokweqile uma sebengene kungenzeka wadubula phansi ngesikhathi sempi.

Enye impikiswano - ubuchwepheshe yokwakhiwa izindiza yesimanje lempi, isimiso, baye kwafinyelela izinga lokuba ezenza emshinini kungaba ngempela eziyinkinga ngaphezulu. umshini Russian T-50 wokulwa American F-22, futhi lokho kungenzeka kakade ulungiselela ukukhululwa kwe-Chinese izindiza isizukulwane 5th, isimiso, kube ngokwanele nesebenzekayo ukunikeza wamabutho asidingayo Emashumini eminyaka alandela, izazi zithi. Ikakhulukazi, ipharamitha ezifana iphuzu Vector control, okuyinto kulindeleke ukuba ibophezela indiza 6-isizukulwane, kuyisici esihlupha imishini eziningi zanamuhla. Futhi yileyo maneuverability, esixoxe kabanzi ngazo ngenhla, kukhona ngisho ezinye fighters isizukulwane 4. Ingasaphathwa yesimanje T-50 futhi F-22. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kreysersaya ijubane kokubili izindiza, ngokusho kwabanye ochwepheshe, angase afinyelele kahle amagugu leSupersonic.

Bangaleso sikhathi

Kukhona inguqulo wamanje fighter onobuhle enzelwe ukusebenza komsebenzi iminyaka engu-50. Lokhu ngokungaqondile kuqinisekiswa yokuthi izindiza ngisho langaphambilini, yesizukulwane esingu-4, maphakathi nawo-60s, bakhonza amabutho okuholela amandla empi emhlabeni ngempumelelo kuze kube manje. Sekela izici zawo - isivinini fighter, ukwakhiwa kwezikhali, ukuchumisa maneuverability - it unesibopho, ochwepheshe bathi, izinkinga zanamuhla. Ukuze labo, ikakhulukazi, zihlanganisa izimoto ezifana Russian Su-30 American F-14.

Kukhona umbono ukuthi ngisho namanye izindiza we yesizukulwane esingu-4 ukuncintisana ngempela ngempumelelo kwezinye izingxenye ezenzekayo ethembisa. Ikakhulukazi, kulabo wabanye ochwepheshe nibhekane fighter Russian - the Su-35, u-MIG-29, ezinguqulweni zakamuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini akhona (kokubili 4 no-5 isizukulwane) kufanele, ngokusho kongoti eziningi, ezingaba lukhulu sesimanje. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi abaningi imisebenzi phakathi nalezo lubonakale izindiza ngombono, kungashiwo "screwed" kuya amasampula odlule isizukulwane bomlilo.

Lapho imishini emisha kuyoba?

Lapho kuyoba isigaba esisha izindiza? Ochwepheshe babikezela ukuthi izilingo ukuhlolwa imishini enjalo engu zingenzeka phakathi iminyaka engu-10 ezayo, kwethulwa sangempela 20. Kukhona inguqulo fighter-lokuqala isizukulwane ukuba zakhelwe 6 baseMelika. Ngaphandle kunomthelela ngokuyinhloko ezinkulukazi lempi Isabelomali USA, ngezinye izikhathi esiphakeme kunaleso okuyinto anawo Russia nase China at, ngisho noma thina uwachaze. Futhi, US ine enviable, ngokusho kongoti eziningi, ezingaba zobuchwepheshe.

Nakuba, njengoba kwaphawula u-ezinye izazi, akubona bonke abantu baseMelika akhayo ngakho. Ikakhulukazi, ochwepheshe abaningi abagxeka design eziphambili US ekhona - F-22 efanayo kanye umbono F-35 (okuyinto ngenhlanhla, hhayi isizukulwane ezinhlanu ezingaba ngokungaqondile uqinisekise ukungabi nasithakazelo abaklami e okukhiphayo ezingeni 6).

prototypes ezikhona: umqondo American

Yiziphi prototypes imishini 6 izizukulwane? Yini okufanele ube yikho fighter ubhedu emhlabeni ekilasini zanamuhla?

Ukuze labo, abanye ochwepheshe nibhekane iphrojekthi F / A-XX, akhiwa Boeing. Kusolwa ukuthi kuyoba ukulwa yenethiwekhi esisuselwe US Navy, okungaba ukusebenzisa e ezihlukahlukene combat ohambweni. Umshini prototype wethulwa emhlabeni Boeing onjiniyela ngo-2008. izindiza design sici ukuthi akanawo umsila mpo ngenkathi they fanele cishe yonke fighters yesimanje. Photo engavamile F / A XX ngezansi.

ama-apharathasi amaphiko, njengoba ochwepheshe uqaphele, ezifana nalezo izakhi F-22. Egumbini labashayeli indiza ezithembisa ngokuya isakhiwo, zikhona izindawo ezimbili abashayeli. Okokuqala, njengoba izazi zikholelwa ezophatha ukulwa kanti eyesibili - ukuqondisa izimoto unmanned zasemoyeni, kufakwe ikhithi kwezikhali. Nokho, ochwepheshe abaningi, udidekile isicelo isisindo esikhulu umshini - 45 wamathani. Nokho, kukhona umbono kulolu daba - emzimbeni kanzima kungaba injini qinile kanjalo kwandisa jikelele saliphosa-mshini. Injini, okungase kube imi phezu F / A-XX - kuyafana ukuthi iqoqo ukuze F-35. Yikuphi waphinda kuqinisekisa ukuthi eziningi ubuchwepheshe lanamuhla kakade labo lokuhlangabezana nenqubo yalokho 6 izizukulwane. kwethulwa okulindelekile F / A-XX ekukhiqizeni - phakathi 2020s.

Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa ngibelethe umbukiso kuqala F / A-XX Boeing zomphakathi usanda kwethula lento emhlabeni ukuba inguqulo ebuyekeziwe ye-6 isizukulwane umshini umqondo walo. Ngokwe okusalungiswa, indiza eqala ekhiqizwa nje okufanayo ezimbili izinguqulo ubuchwepheshe - unmanned nokukodwa lapho control unit kuyoba abantu. Kulindeleke ukuthi izindiza uzokwazi esikhundleni fighters oyisizukulwane sesine ezifana F-18s phakathi namashumi eminyaka ezayo.

Boeing Co., Okwamanje, has omunye umqondo isizukulwane fighter 6. Lokhu FX umshini. Kuhloswe bekungengenxa Navy, futhi ngqo US Air Force. Kulindeleke ukuthi izindiza uzosusa F-22. Inzuzo enkulu umshini ibizwa ngokuthi ijubane eliphezulu kakhulu.

Lockheed Martin - - uye wabuye walungisa umqondo ayo Kuyaziwa ukuthi omunye aviagigant American ezaziwayo. Nokho, amaqiniso izindiza kwesikhathi esizayo kule ngokuqinile namanje kancane kakhulu. Kukhona, mhlawumbe, ulwazi kuphela ukuthi imoto uzobe ekhiqizwa okuhlangene umqondo sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza.

Melika, abanye ochwepheshe isiqondiso eseduze ku ngokuya 6-isizukulwane fighter nokuthuma. Ubuningi kakhulu uzimisele ukulinda-United States - ngaphambi kokuphela 2030s. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, kabusha ukuhlomisa ibutho baseMelika uhlela iminyaka engu-20 ngemva kwethulwa izindiza ekukhiqizeni serial.

Le ndiza baseYurophu

Phakathi esiphawulekayo European prototype 6-isizukulwane izindiza - ukuthuthukiswa iqembu Dassault namangqamuzana ezinzwa. Nokho, konke ngenkathi onjiniyela ukuziqhayisa lokhu inkampani - a Drone ezinhle, wadala nokusetshenziswa "ngobuqili" -technology. Waboniswa emhlabeni ngo-2012. Nokho, impumelelo ubunjiniyela eziye ukusebenza ngo-ke, izazi zikholelwa bangaba isisekelo imishini 6-isizukulwane egcwele.

iphrojekthi Chinese

Okwamanje, izindiza Abaklami China sika uphothula fighter 5 izizukulwane. Kumayelana J-20 J-ezindizeni 31. Kuze kube manje, izazi zikholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa onjiniyela Chinese kungukuthi kakhulu athikanyezwe ukuthuthukiswa yesikhathi eside, kodwa kunobufakazi bokuthi ezinye isithakazelo abaklami kusuka China kudalwa 6 umshini isizukulwane. Kanye baseYurophu, onjiniyela Chinese udale Drone zobuchwepheshe, ethiwa Lijian, libhekene ebonakalayo ongaphakeme kuya radar. Kususelwa kule ukuthuthukiswa, ochwepheshe bathi, a ethembisa fighter jet kwakhiwe ngokuphelele. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuyoba khona ngezinga elithile zivumelana 6 isizukulwane zindlela.

prototype Japanese

Abaklami ovela eJapane, ngokuvumelana imithombo eminingana, futhi behileleke ukudalwa entsha ekilasini fighter. Kukholakala ukuthi isisekelo umshini ukuba zokuhlola izindiza ATD-X. Kukhona inguqulo isizukulwane fighter 6 Japanese oyokwakha umfelandawonye Abaklami kusuka e-United States. Ochwepheshe bakubiza ngokuthi ATD-X umshini imodeli, okungase kube kuhle isisekelo sokuthethelelwa ukuqaliswa kwe-ubuchwepheshe eziphambili kakhulu esikhathini esizayo. isizukulwane fighter 6 kufaka ekhatsi kutfutfuka kwemfundzi.

I-Russian umqondo

Njengoba kunjalo kule sikole wobunjiniyela kazwelonke? Ingabe kukhona ithuba lokuthi maduze khona a Russian fighter jet 6 izizukulwane? Yini eyaziwayo wukuthi amapulani okwakha komshini isezingeni ubuholi wezwe yezempi. Kukhona ezinye imininingwane mayelana nokuthi ngentuthuko inkampani "Dry" ukwenza lesi siqondiso. Nokho, izinsuku kungenzeka ekuqaleni sokuthuthukisa kanye ukuthunyelwa izindiza ezifana ekukhiqizeni okwamanje kangako. Namuhla, kuzo zonke izinto lonjiniyela zendawo kwesokunxele kuya nabanye ababelwela Russian - T-50 okuqondene isizukulwane 5th, kanye sesimanje imishini okuqondene onobuhle amadala. Kodwa phakathi ochwepheshe kukhona inguqulo ngale ndlela ukuthi kwakuyizwi T-50 singasebenza njengesisekelo esiqinile sokufinyelela isisekelo ngokudala izindiza 6-isizukulwane.

kakade Sithe abaklami Russian usungaqala ekwakheni imishini owawunekusasa unmanned based nobuchwepheshe-based, ezihilela izindiza ekuphathweni womuntu. Uma kuqala ukhetho lokuqala, uhlobo umshini, "Scat" ingasetshenziswa njengendlela ngentuthuko base adalwe okb MIG kuyakhethwa. Ezisetshenzisiwe ke ubuchwepheshe, ngokusho kongoti, kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi Russian fighter jet 6 isizukulwane uvele esikhathini esizayo.

Esikhathini abezindaba kukhona imibiko sibonelo wokuqala 6 umshini isizukulwane, adalwe onjiniyela abavela eRussia, izovela iminyaka 10-12 esilandelayo. Lokhu kungenzeka wahlanganyela United Aircraft Corporation. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi abaklami bezindiza Russian nethuba dlula-United States, lapho ayehlele ukusungula ekilasini efanayo bezindiza on the 2030s. Nokho, njengoba ochwepheshe uqaphele, onjiniyela we Russian Federation ongakabi wenza isinqumo khona lapho umqondo esiqondile fighter esizayo, uma sicabangela ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa yayo - umbuzo uwukuthi yesayensi ezingaphezu kuka Design.