Saratov amandla kagesi kwi iVolga

Saratov HPP liphakathi non-zenuzi ngobukhulu eziyishumi izitshalo amandla eRussia nase-Europe. Iyingxenye ebalulekile iVolga-Kama iziteshi wendlale Hydropower. 24 iyunithi wokubacindezela efakwe esiteshini, ukuvumela ukukhiqiza njalo ngonyaka kuze kube 6 billion ngesenti elilodwa. Isilinganiso inani lenzalo yonyaka kule minyaka eyishumi edlule zaba kWh 5.4 bhiliyoni.

"Green" amandla

Russia amandla kagesi zidlala indima ebalulekile supply ungaphazanyiswa ugesi abathengi ezifuywayo angaphandle. Nsimu enkulu yezwe, yiwo ogelezela emfuleni ngobukhulu emasontweni aseYurophu futhi izwe, igcwele angenamkhawulo engaba amandla "green" esekelwe renewable sources - amanzi, umoya, ilanga, geothermal amandla, amandla olwandle futhi asikaze omunye.

Ngo isenzo 102 RF emifula ngenhla 100 MW. Saratov HPP (1378 MW) ithatha e Giants uhlu indawo 9th ucabangela kokuba igcwaliswe. Ekuqaleni 2015 efakwe Imininingwane umthamo kagesi zalesi sihlahla kuyoba 47 MW 712,39 - okuyinto engaphezu kwengu-20% wawo onke amandla ekhiqizwa eRussia.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi kungcono - amasistimu kweselula. Lolu hlobo lwamandla ivumela kungakapheli imizuzu ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa amandla adingwa, okuyinto emangalisayo ezibalulekile ukuxazulula inkinga ka isiqongo imithwalo ngamandla emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuze uqhathanise, ukuze andise umthelela ezishisayo power station, kuthatha amahora ambalwa, futhi izibalo zabathanda enuzi izitshalo amandla futhi ngaso sonke alinganayo kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukwakhiwa emifula uyaqhubeka.

Incazelo Saratov HPP

amandla kagesi yileli ku iVolga-Kama wendlale, futhi itholakala emzini Balakovo, Saratov esifundeni enyakatho. 24 amandla kagesi 1378 MW ngo-2014 avunyelwe kuleli zwe ukuba 5504,6 kWh kagesi (supply elikhiqizayo). Indawo Spillway - 1.280.000 km² ngesilinganiso amanzi ukusetshenziswa 7.959 m³ / s.

Into wayeyinduna evelele zokuthutha ihabhu esifundeni - ku edamini kwakhona imigwaqo nojantshi, ukuxhumanisa ezimbili loMfula iVolga anamandla. Kukhona ahlobene umsebenzi HPS zibandakanya ukuqinisekisa ungaphazanyiswa emikhulu navigation, izinhlelo zenkasa, namanzi.

indaba

Owenza ibhizinisi "Saratov HPP", ogama sithombe umxhwele izakhiwo grand Ubukhulu, yaqala ukwakha Juni 5, 1956 - Lona olusemthethweni isiqalo usuku ukwakhiwa Zonke-Union Komsomol e Balakovo. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva edolobheni engabalulekile ukuthi uphinde uzalwe, abe promtsentr izwe ezinkulu. Kuba nabantu abangaphezu kuka-20,000 ivela kuzo zonke izifunda ezimpini ukwakhiwa ukwakhiwa esiyingqayizivele, abaningi abakhi elihlobene ne Balakovo isiphetho sabo.

amandla kagesi uye empeleni abe inkundla ucwaningo, samuntu kwentuthuko zakamuva futhi imibono original ekwakhiweni enkulu amandla kagesi, akumangalisi ezinye izici izakhiwo ahlukile. Disemba 27, 1967, kwethulwa okokuqala amayunithi ezimbili wokubacindezela, kwathi ngo-January 1968, Saratov HPP ixhunywe ezivamile amandla igridi yezwe. Umthamo yakhelwe simila sakhishwa ngasekupheleni kuka-1970, kusukela lapho uninterruptedly kokunikeza abathengi amandla ahlanzekile.

Saratov iyingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi oxhumene wokubacindezela wengxenye European yeRussia. Okunye ezinkulu amandla kagesi sihlahla kwi iVolga kanye Kama: Rybinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Cheboksary, Kama, Votkinsk, Nizhnekamsk, Zhiguli, eVolga, nabanye.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

• Njengoba kokuqala isikhathi esiteshini ekhiqizwa kilowatt-amahora angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-250 ugesi.
• Saratov ingenye ngobukhulu amandla kagesi, isithombe ongawabona kwabezindaba, ama-encyclopedia amaphepha isayensi, internet imithombo.
• Ukwakhiwa ezahlukene isakhiwo okungezona ezijwayelekile - yokuntuleka okulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi i-platinum.
• Ikamelo umshini yinde kunazo Russia, ngesikhathi esifanayo ifakwe ophahleni egoqekayo.
• 24 iyunithi wokubacindezela kufanele 3 letingemasayizi lahlukene - ezinye zazo ziyizilimi enkulu eRussia.
• izindawo Hydroelectric babelwe 1st grade nokuqina, zihlanganisa: edamini yashayisa unqenqema, edamini zobumba, umzimba main kulezozindawo phansi, lokuthumela yokuvala, rybopriemnik, amadivayisi ukusatshalaliswa 35, 220 kanye 500 kV.
• Idamu has a ubude 1260 m, ukuphakama eliphezulu kakhulu 42 m, ngoba idamu namytye abayizigidi ezingu 6.6 cubic metres inhlabathi. Siqukethe isizinda (a ububanzi 360 m) kanye esiteshini amasayithi.
• Ubude isamba dikes Russian izitshalo ezinkulu Hydropower - ezingaphezu kuka-13 km. Ukuphakama at iphuzu esiphezulu - 23 m.
• Umzimba omkhulu isiteshi-hlobo - okungukuthi, livele ingcindezi amanzi, itholakala inhliziyo naleli damu.
• Umshini HPP ihholo omude kunayo yonke e-Russian Federation -. 990 m Rotor ububanzi we abaphehla ugesi futhi irekhodi - 10,3 m.

JSC "RusHydro"

Saratov HPP ngoJanuwari 2008 wajoyina iqembu JSC "RusHydro" - e inkampani enkulu kunazo Generating Russia kwathi eyesibili emhlabeni ngokuya efakwe izitshalo amandla Hydropower (phezu 25 GW). Kulesi sigaba, "RusHydro", baletha ndawonye 64 ekhona futhi 7 ngaphansi izinjongo ukwakhiwa, 23 yokusebenza 7 HPS, 3 ihambise imishini Power Plant, a ES olwandle, izikhungo zocwaningo, izinkampani yokuthengisa nezinhlangano design. Phakathi kwabo bonke labo ukwehluka zaseSaratov phakathi abahlinzeki eziyishumi elikhulu ugesi kuzo zonke izinhlobo iziteshi. Ukuhlanganisa umholi "green" (uvuseleleke) amandla.

Largest Investment Projects

Nokho, Ukwakhiwa emifula izitshalo amandla uyaqhubeka, futhi ngcono ubudala akufanele ilibaleke, njengoba kufakazelwa engozini embi Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. Banikezwe nakho okubuhlungu wenkampani ukuphathwa "RusHydro" uqhuba yokuthuthukisa imishini ikhishiwe ezigugile.

Okwamanje (futhi kuze-2030) Saratov HPP ikhishiwe sesimanje ne ukufakwa imishini eziphambili kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi, "RusHydro" bafinyelela esivumelwaneni nenkampani Austrian Voith Hydro ukuba esikhundleni 21 Hydro abaphehla ugesi kanye emifula №24 nge ukulethwa lezinto ekupheleni 2025 "turnkey". Yamanje Investment Projects, ogama value ziyoyidlula 1 euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu, kwakuyinto eyayiqala ngqá ngokuba Saratov HPP elikhulu kunawo wonke endaweni. Kulindeleke ukuthi ophephela uyoveza ibhizinisi Russian-Austrian ngokuhlanganyela.

sesimanje eziphehla ugesi

Ukwakhiwa kabusha HPP kuhilela ukufakwa kwamanzi abaphehla ugesi we isizukulwane esisha. Oku-kucwaningwe project ihlanganisa babonisa ushintsho endleleni impeller imiklamo, okuyinto uzokwanelisa S-uhlobo izindwani futhi nenjini Servo, etholakala ezansi. Lokhu lobunikazi «Voith Hydro» uhlelo kwenza ophephela "amalele» (Fish friendly). Umklamo kuhloswe ukuba ngokuphindaphindiwe ukunciphisa ukulimala nokufa zezinhlanzi Ukudlula ngokusebenzisa ophephela, okuyinto inkinga enkulu kuyo yonke wendlale iVolga-Kama. ngcono Futhi ukuphepha kwemvelo ngokugwema contact nge amafutha ophephela emanzini.

sesimanje amandla amayunithi

Saratov HPP ku ekupheleni 2013. Amandla esikhundleni wonke amayunithi ezinhlanu. Kabusha nokubeka esimweni imishini ingaphezu yesimanje, okuthembekile, ephephile futhi ukonga amandla amayunithi angaya ngaphandle kulungiswe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30.

Bekanye ethuthukisiwe amandla amayunithi wasungula emifula № № 13 no-14 - the yokugcina kusukela mpo lokubolekwa iziteshi okuthi yesimanje othomathikhi indawo elawula uhlelo (ACS). Ngakho, igcwaliswe esigabeni sokugcina iphrojekthi oneminyaka emihlanu ukuba kulungiswe zonke ACS mpo amayunithi wokubacindezela.

Ukusebenza ngefanelo

Uhlelo i-Integrated sesimanje kuhilela kokuthuthukisa emifula bakwazi ucabangela, ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kanye nokusetshenziswa ngentuthuko yakamuva zobuchwepheshe. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa Ukuphumula zokukhekheleza futhi yehlise Hydropower isizukulwane, ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo.

Lapho ukuqaliswa kohlelo oluphelele sesimanje sihlelelwe indlela olunzulu ezihilela ikhasimende, abameleli ucwaningo nezikhungo kanye abakhiqizi imishini. Ngokokuqala ngqá phambi ukuqaliswa kohlelo Kwenziwa pre-project bahlola bonke izitshalo zobuchwepheshe eziyinkimbinkimbi Hydropower nge ukuthuthukiswa okwalandela yephrojekthi yesikhathi sesimanje of eziyinkimbinkimbi yayo iqhaza umklami jikelele we Saratov HPP. Inekezwa "ukuphila" emva-sales service of the indawo amayunithi abakhiqizi.

esiza abantulayo

Ukuze sifake izimali yesihle izinhlelo izigidi zimali zibekelwe ngonyaka. Ikakhulu, siyisikhulu esiphezulu esikolweni DYUSTSH usizo "ukukhula" e Balakovo, lapho izingane bekwi -scuba diving kanye orientation, "Isibhedlela sezingane № 1" nezinye izinhlangano. Njengengxenye yemfundo amaphrojekthi emifula iye yasiza ukuhlomisa elabhorethri "Balakovo Polytechnic". Ngokwesiko kuyinto Veterans matpomosch ngosuku olwandulela Usuku Victory.

okutholakele

amaphrojekthi Mhlawumbe akasimarhamaru ezingaphezu kuka HPS. Izithombe lezi zidlakela ukhonkolo Ubukhulu amazing kanye amayunithi futhi ukuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa zibonisa amandla zakamuva ezimbonini kanye umcabango ngokwesayensi.

Hydropower libambe iqhaza lobuholi ekuhlinzekeni ugesi ukuze labantu kanye umkhakha. I zathola okuhlangenwe nakho phezu ukwakhiwa nokusebenza izitshalo Hydropower, ikhono elikhulu yemifula isiRashiya, ephephile imvelo kanye kubakhiqizi abakhiqiza imithombo energy uvumele ukwandisa umthamo ngokwakha izitshalo ezintsha kanye sesimanje we esizakala ngawo. Saratov HPP emashumini yokusebenza lemukelekako, isiqinisekiso yesiteleka.