Umsila uvelaphi? Umhlaba wezwe wesitshalo kanye nezakhiwo zawo ezizuzisayo

Ngamunye wethu, ngisho nokuba kude kakhulu ne-floriculture yasendlini, ubona kalula futhi ubiza le mbali. Yiqiniso, igama lesayensi le-Sansevier elinzima kanzima ukuthi akulona lokho elikushoyo, kodwa kuphela isitshalo sezitshalo noma umcibisholo onomdlandla uzokhumbula. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona "ulimi lomama", "umsila we-pike"! Lawa magama azokhunjulwa yiwo wonke umuntu! Enkulisa, esikoleni, emahhovisi nasezitolo kukhula futhi akudingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokunakekela lesi sitshalo sokuhlobisa. Umsila womsila uvelaphi ? Izwe langomhlaba wesitshalo - ngakho-ke lingenakuzithoba futhi lihlobisa - likuphi? Sizozama ukuphendula yonke imibuzo.

Unamagama amangaki?

Ake siqale, mhlawumbe, ngolimi olusemthethweni cishe wonke amagama - isiLatini. I-Sansevieria (sanseviera) - yilokho igama lalo mmeleli wezilwane ezihlobisa ngokuzwakalayo elizwakalayo. Leli gama laqanjwa ngokuthi lihlonishwe umphathi wezitshalo ne-botanist, i-aristocrat Raimondo de Sangro, u-Prince von Sansevierio, owayehlala ekhulwini le-XVIII.

Umsila ongenalutho uyigama elinikezwe isitshalo ngabantu ababheka emigqabeni emaqabunga omunye wezinhlobo zephethini efana nombala wesilwane somfula. Enye i-epithet ekhanyayo esithathile ulimi lwesi-teschin. Cishe, lapha kuyadingeka ukuthi udwebe ngokufana nolimi olude lwe-heroine yama-anecdotes anjalo athandwa nathi. Esinye isizathu sokuvela kwegama elinjalo, ngaphandle kokungahleleki okungenakuqhathaniswa kwabantu baseRashiya, kunzima ukuthola.

Kodwa-ke, ekusesheni okuthakazelisayo okungenani namanye amagama afana neSansewyer, abantu bethu abasibo bonke bokuqala. AmaJalimane abiza lesi sitshalo se-African hemp, isiNgisi - ulimi lukaDeveli, noma i-leopard lily, amaMelika - isikhumba senyoka, esibonisa ukuthandwa kwezinhlobo emazweni ahlukene.

Uphi izwe lakubo?

AmaTropiki kanye nama-subtropics - yilapho umsila omkhulu uzizwa futhi ukhula ngokugcwele. Izwe lakuleli isitshalo seSansevier yizindawo ezibandayo ze-Afrika, ikakhulukazi izifunda zasentshonalanga. Abacwaningi banamuhla bavame ukuvula zonke izinhlobo ze-sansevieria e-Uganda, eKenya nasezifundeni eziseduze. Namuhla lesi sitshalo sisakazwa kabanzi eSri Lanka naseNdiya, e-Asia ashisayo nasesiqhingini saseMadagascar, eNingizimu Florida. Njengomthetho, i-Sanseviera ikhula emvelweni ngamakhethini, yenza amahlumela angapheli emanzini omfula. Umakhelwane ungaba nama-baobabs amakhulu, futhi nge-acacias ephansi yezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene. Khulisa le mbali kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi ompofu onomswakama ophansi - cishe 40%. Yingakho lezo zimo lapho ezinye izimbali zingekho khona , umsila we-pike ubekezelela ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Isetshenziswa kanjani?

Emazweni amaningi, le mbali iyalinywa futhi isetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuhlobisa nezimboni. Amaqabunga omsila we-pike aqukethe izintambo eziyingqayizivele zezobuchwepheshe ngenxa yawo, lapho ekhula khona ngobuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-sanseviera isetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yomdabu emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika nase-Asia.

Kuhle futhi ewusizo

Ukulandela abahlengikazi base-Asia nabase-Afrika, abasebenzisa kakhulu umsila we-pike emisebenzini yabo, izindawo eziwusizo zalesi sitshalo ziye zaqaphela ezweni lethu. I-saponins (i-glycoside yemvelaphi yemifino) equkethwe emaqabeni ayo anemiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-mucolytic, adaptive and immunostimulating. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi bathola ukuthi i-sansevierii inciphisa kakhulu inani lezinyunyana ze-pathogenic emoyeni ekamelweni lapho zikhona, futhi liyakwazi ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwezidakamizwa eziyingozi ezifana ne-trichlorethylene ne-benzene.

Izici ze-Botanical

I-Sansevera, noma i-sansevieria, iyinhlobo yezitshalo ezihlala zitshalo ezihlala njalo eziluhlaza ezikhula njalo. Ukhuluma ngezinkolo ezihlukahlukene zesayensi, ngokusho kwezikole ezehlukene zesayensi: i-asphodel, i-agave noma i-dracenic. Ukuhlukana okunjalo ekubukelweni akuyona eyisisekelo, ngoba wonke lo mndeni unamahlombe, kodwa "ophukile" kuphela abe ngamaqembu amancane. Namuhla kuyisiko ukubhekisela kwi-genus Sansevieria cishe ngezinhlobo ezingu-60-70 ezihlukahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo.

Njengezinye izitshalo eziningi zasendlini, umsila we-pike, owomhlaba wakubo ongowasezindaweni ezishisayo, une-rhizome ehamba phambili engaphansi komhlaba. Amaqabunga amahle akha i-rosette rosette futhi angafinyelela kwezinye izinhlobo zemitha 1 ubude (noma ngaphezulu). Njengomthetho, amaqabunga amaqabunga akhonjisiwe futhi angaba angama-vertical futhi acishe aphelele. Umbala wamaqabunga uhluka kusuka eluhlaza obumnyama kuze kube mnyama, ngezinhlobo ezahlukene namabala. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, izitshalo nezindonga zangaphakathi zegolide zenziwe ngendlela enhle. Umsila we-pike, izwe lakubo izwe eliwushisayo, awuzange uphumelele kulolu hlobo: imizamo yabalimi yayitholwe izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sitshalo ngebala elingavamile lamaqabunga. Izimbali ze-Sansevieria zihlaza okwesibhakabhakeni, eziqoqwe nge-inflorescences ezinama-cylindrical on peduncle ende futhi eqondile. Ngokwemvelo, kwakhiwa isithelo-berry, nge imbewu 1-3, kodwa izithelo floriculture fruiting kuyinto engavamile kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene nezinhlobo

Namuhla, ekuhloleni kwezinto zasendlini, izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobo zembali enegama elinjalo elithakazelisayo liyalinywa - umsila we-pike. Izwe lomhlaba wesitshalo, njengoba likhulunywe ngokuphindaphindiwe, izifunda ezishisayo nezamaxhaphozi, kepha kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ezikhula lapho, okuvela kuwo izinhlobo eziningi zanamuhla. Naphezu kokuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-70 zeSansevierium emvelweni, kungu- 10 nje kuphela ezihlwanyelwe ukuhluma okungaphakathi nokuhlobisa, okulandelayo okuthandwa kakhulu:

• I-Sansevieria trifasciata - i-Sansevieria emithathu, izinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu enemibala emibala. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwabaflorisi yiLaurenti (nge-golden edging emaphethelweni weqabunga le-xiphoid), i-Prain (ngaphandle kwalolu hlobo lwe-fringing) ne-Craigil - ene-strip ebanzi ehlangothini olungaphandle.
• I-Sansevieria grandis - enkulu, emaqabeni ama-alternate bands of dark shades and lighter shades of green, futhi emaphethelweni ahlelwe umbala omncane wombala obomvu.
• I-Sansevieria hiberica - ukugubha amaqabunga, ngamaqabunga aqinile, ehlotshiswe ngemivimbo yomthunzi obomvu.
• Izinhlobo ezincane ezikhula kancane ze-sanseviera, njenge-Sansevieria hahnii nesiliva negolide le-Hahnii.

I-Tidal Tail: Ukukhiqizwa

Uma ufuna ukuba nesitshalo esinjalo ekhaya lakho noma ehhovisi, ungayithenga esikhungweni segadini noma ungenawo udoti olungadingekile futhi ukwandise imbali ekhona kakade eneziqabunga zeqabunga, ukusika izimpande noma ukuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes. Konke lokhu okukhethwa kukho kufaneleka kwe-sansevier enemibala engaphenduki. Kodwa ngenxa yezitshalo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene yeqabunga, ukuze kugcinwe zonke izici zokuhlobisa, ukuhlukaniswa kuphela kwe-rhizome kuyasetshenziswa kuphela.

Umsuka Wemizila

Lena yindlela elula yokuzitholela imbali enjalo engaqondakali, njengomsila we-pike. Umhlaba wezwe wesitshalo kunalokho kunzima kakhulu, ngokuqondene nezimo zezulu, ngakho-ke iSansevieria, ngomzamo wokuhlala ezindaweni ezintsha, idala ukudubula okunamandla kakhulu. Lokhu kuziphatha akuyona into yokukhula "ngentando" kuphela, kodwa futhi nezimbali ezifuywayo. Ngokuvamile inhlumela eningi enezimpande yenziwa ebhodweni. Bamba ambalwa (kanye ne-rootlets kanye ne-clod yombumba) futhi uthathe isitshalo somama, bese usufaka embizeni entsha. Endaweni lapho usika khona ucezu, udinga ukuwomisa kancane bese ufafaza amalahle achotshoziwe, ungahle usebenze ngokujwayelekile.

Izihlahla ze-Leaf

Le ndlela ilula: sithatha iqabunga lembali, siyibeke bese silisika sibe yizicucu ze-7-10 cm. Masinyane nge-plaster yokunamathisela noma uphawu lokungapheli, sichaza phansi kwesinye isiqeshana. Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba kufanele batshalwe "ikhanda" phezulu. Ukuze izingcezu eziqotshiwe zeqabunga zime, zibaleke ewindini elipholile lezinsuku ezingu-1-2. Khona-ke sinquma ama-cuttings ibe yinsimu enomswakama kahle, futhi siwamboza ngejijolo engilazi, siyisusa endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo. Sula ama-cuttings akudingekile, kwanele ukuthulula amanzi epanini. Izimila zihluma, ngaphansi kwezimo ezihle, emva kwezinyanga ezingu-1-1.5. Ngemuva kwalokho izithombo zingatshalwa embizeni nge-primer yezitshalo noma ukuxuba okuyingcosana yomhlabathi.

Yabelana ngama-rhizomes

Izitshalo ezinkulu zingasakazwa ngale ndlela. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ezohlukaniswa kumele ibe nephuzu lokukhula. I-rhizome ethathwe ebhodweni inqunywa ngommese okhaliphile kwinombolo edingekayo ye "izithombo". Izindawo zokusika kumele zomiswe amahora amaningana futhi ziphuphule ngamakhadi achotshoziwe, emva kwalokho izingcezu ezihlukanisiwe zitshalwe ezimbizeni ngenhlabathi elungiselelwe kusengaphambili.