Izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zokuzibophezela eziphambili ze-plums zezindawo ezisemadolobheni

Ngokusho balimi, kusukela ezitsheni zetshe izitshalo iplamu ingenye evamile kakhulu futhi ethandwa. Izithelo ezihlwabusayo neziwusizo, kanye nokungazethembi kwezihlahla ezithandwayo, qinisekisa ukuthandwa kwakhe phakathi kwabalimi be-amateur.

Kodwa-ke, isimo sezulu esifundeni saseMoscow asivumeli ukutshala zonke izinhlobonhlobo zeplamu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iningi labo isikhathi sokuqhakaza kuvame ukuhambisana ne-spring yokugcina frosts kule ndawo. Kulesi simo, izithelo ziyaqhwaza, ezingenakuthinta kodwa isivuno. Sizokunikeza izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-plums esifundeni saseMoscow ngesithombe nencazelo. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ukhetha nini lapho uthenga izithombo.

Izici ze-plums ezikhulayo emadolobheni

I-Plum ingowomndeni waseRosaceae, ohlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-200 namashumi amahlanu. Iningi lazo lihlonywe ngempumelelo ezindaweni zezithelo nezendawo zasemadolobheni. Ezweni lakithi, ama-plums asekhaya asetshenziswa. Umuthi ngokwesilinganiso uphila iminyaka engu-20-25 futhi ukhula ube ngamamitha ayishumi nambili ukuphakama. Izimfanelo ezingenakulinganiswa zeplamu zihlanganisa ikhono layo lokukhula nokuthuthuka cishe kunoma yimuphi umhlabathi.

Isimo sezulu emadolobhaneni sincane kakhulu kunezindawo ezingasenyakatho noma ezisempumalanga. Nokho, ubusika lapha akuyona nje ebanda, kodwa futhi ngezinguquko ezibukhali zokushisa. Yingakho izinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe kufanele zivimbele amakhaza.

Isici sezinhlobonhlobo zokuzifaka

Namuhla sizokutshengisa izinhlobo ezizenzekelayo zokuzibophezela ze-plums esifundeni saseMoscow, kodwa kuqala amagama ambalwa ngokuthi igama elithi "self-fertility" lisho ukuthini. Lona ikhono lomkhumbi lokuzitholela impova ngaphandle kokubandakanya izinyosi kanye nomakhelwane wezihlahla zezinhlobo ezihlobene.

Imithi enjalo ene-pollination ehamba phambili inikeza isivuno esikhulu kakhulu, ngoba kulokhu i-pollinator iyimpova yayo kanye nempova yezihlahla ezingomakhelwane. Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu, kunomuntu ongenawo umanyolo, okhethwe isivuno esincane.

Izidingo zenhlabathi nokutshala indawo

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-plum ezizibophezelayo esifundeni saseMoscow zidinga izimo ezikhethekile zokutshala iziqu eziningi futhi zikhula isikhathi eside. Akufanele batshalwe ezindaweni eziphansi lapho iqhwa namanzi behla. Umuthi okhululekile uzozizwa emithambekeni enelanga, lapho iqhwa liphuma khona ngokushesha, ngoba ngalesosikhathi isimiso somuthi asihlushwa umswakama owedlulele. Uma kungenagquma engokwemvelo esizeni, yakha owodwa.

Emva kokukhetha indawo yokutshala kufanele ilungiselelwe kahle. Ngokujwayelekile lo msebenzi wenziwa ekwindla. Naphezu kokuthi lokhu kuyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba - i-plum iyakhela umanyolo, izinhlobonhlobo zesifunda saseMoscow zidinga ukutshala umhlabathi. Ngesikwele esingu-1. M inhlabathi ingeza u-7 kg we-humus, ama-gramu angu-30 wewosawoti we-potassium nama-50 amagremu we-superphosphate. Amaminerali azoncibilika, inhlabathi izothuthukiswa kakhulu, kanti entwasahlobo kuyokwazi ukutshala izithombo ezincane.

Izinhlobonhlobo kunazo zonke zeplamu esifundeni saseMoscow (samoplodnye): Smolinka

Yonke insimu yokulima ekhulayo esiqhingini sayo isivuno esinzima: izithelo namajikijolo kufanele kube okuhlwabusayo, okumnandi futhi okuwusizo. Namuhla, umphumela onjalo ungafinyelelwa ngokukhula kwezinhlobo ezifanele ze-plums esifundeni saseMoscow zizibophezela ngokwabo. Izithelo ezinhle zikaSmolinka zizobheka ukunambitheka kokubili kwabantu abadala kanye nezingane.

Izithelo zinomumo ovamile, okukhunjulwa iqanda, inyama isonwe, ayikho i-grooves ebizwa ngokuthi i-imperceptible peritoneum suture. Ezihlukahlukene ziye zazibonakalisa ngokuphelele phakathi kwabalimi besifunda saseMoscow futhi namuhla kubhekwa njengento engcono kakhulu kule ndawo. Smolinka ubekezelela ngokuphelele izinguquko zokushisa. Isici sezinhlobonhlobo singacatshangwa ukuthi singena ekutholeni i-fruiting futhi isivuno esikhulu.

Izithelo zivuthwe eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili ka-Agasti. Ngokunakekelwa kahle okuvela esihlahleni, ungadonsa ama-kg kilogram angu-23 wezithelo ezimnandi nezomnandi ezilinganisa amagremu angu-40. Zingasetshenziswa kokubili futhi zivuselelwe kabusha. Ezinye izici zekilasi zifaka:

• Ukuphakama kwesihlahla (ngaphezu kwamamitha amahlanu);
• Lapho uneminyaka emibili, i-fruiting iqala;
• Uma ikhululeka kancane kancane, kodwa ngokushesha ibuyiselwe;
• Amagciwane avunyelwe;
• Umqhele ukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke imithi esakhiweni ithatha isikhala esikhulu kakhulu.

IsiHungary Korneevskaya

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyaziwa ngokuqukethwe okushukela okuphezulu, okwakuthola ukuqashelwa okufanele phakathi kwabalimi besifunda saseMoscow. Izithelo zinombala omnyama, zivela kubo futhi zithola umthamo omuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo ye-self-fertilizing, enezithelo ezinkulu kakhulu ze-dessert. Itshe lihlukanisa emaspini kalula.

Isihlahla esithela izithelo siqala iminyaka engu-3-4. Ukungahambi kahle kwalolu hlobo, yiqiniso, ukuphulwa kwamagatsha okungahambisani nesisindo sesitshalo kanye nesidingo sokufaka izinsizakalo.

Zarechnaya kusenesikhathi

Elinye iplamu lizibophezele ngokwabo. Izinhlobonhlobo zesifunda saseMoscow, njengoba sesishilo kakade, kufanele zivezwe ngokunyuka kwama-hardiness ebusika. Lokhu kuhlangabezana ngokugcwele nale mfuneko. Izithelo, ezidwetshwe ngombala omnyama, zinomumo ovalwe. Zigwetshwe umbala obomvu obomvu.

Ama-plums amancane kakhulu - isisindo sawo sifinyelela kuma-gramu angu-55. Ngenxa yokuthi ithambo lisuswe kalula esithelweni, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zisetshenziselwa ukulondolozwa ekhaya.

Amapulangwe:

• Ukuphikiswa kweqhwa eliphakeme;
• Ukuvunwa okuqinile;
• Ukuqala ukungena e-fruiting (ngomnyaka wesibili);
• Ukunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu ngephunga elimnandi.

Kulezi zinsalela zalezi zinhlobonhlobo, abalimi babhekisela ekwenzeni izinombolo ezinkulu, okulimaza kakhulu isivuno. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba uqaphelisise futhi ususe izinyathelo.

Ukukhula okusheshayo

Izimila ezizimele ezithandekayo, ezithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi besifunda saseMoscow ngenxa yokuvunwa okuphezulu nezithelo ezinkulu (45 amagremu). Unomusa omuhle ngokumunuka okungaqondakali kalula. Isihlahla asikhuli ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-4.5 ekuphakameni.

Blue Bird

Namuhla imakethe iboniswa izinhlobo eziningi zeplamu esifundeni saseMoscow. Ezihlukahlukene kakhulu (samoplodny), ngokusho balimi - Bluebird. Izithelo zawo zinkulu (kufika kuma-gramu angu-50), i-oval in shape nekhanda elincane elimnyama okwesibhakabhaka, elinomshini okhanyayo.

Inyama isinyene. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa maphakathi no-Agasti. Lezi zinhlanzi zifanelekela ukugaya, njengoba zihlukanisa kalula itshe. Izithelo zivuthiwe ngokulinganayo, ubunzima busika-buqinile, bunomkhuhlane wezifo ezivamile zetshe: i-polystigmosis, i-clasterolporosis ne-moniliosis. Ngokuhambisana nemithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, isivuno sifike ku-35 kilograms esihlahleni esisodwa.

Izinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo - Inkumbulo kaTimiryazev

Uma unesithakazelo ezinhlobonhlobo ezizimele zocingo oluphuzi esifundeni saseMoscow, sincoma ukuthi uqaphele lokhu okuthandwayo nokuthandwa ngabalimi abaningi abahlukahlukene, okukhula kahle futhi kuthuthukiswe hhayi kuphela emadolobheni, kepha nakwezinye izindawo ezisenyakatho.

Lona ipulazi elisemkhatsini, elikhiqiza kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Umbala nombala, izithelo zifana nama-apula. Isikhumba siphuzi, sinendawo ebomvu eceleni kwayo. Izithelo zizungezile, zingenayo i-peritoneum suture. Zine-pulp ehlelwe kahle, ephethe iphunga elimnandi futhi elimnandi. Izinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa zihlanganisa ukuzizala.

Jahon

Izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle ze-plum ephuzi esifundeni saseMoscow (samoplodnye) kulesi sihloko futhi zimelela lezi ezihlukahlukene. Isihlahla sikhula ngamamitha amahlanu, asesabi ama-frosts asetshenalanga, okuvame ukuba imbangela yokufa kwemifino emithini eminingi yezithelo. Izithelo ezinkulu zelanga ezinomsoco (35 g), zihlukile ukunambitheka okumnandi okumnandi nokumuncu. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphezulu-ezinikezelayo - kufika ku-kilogram ezinhlanu zokudonsa zingasuswa emthini owodwa.

Ukuvunwa kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya phakathi kuka-Septhemba. Umuthi ubekezelela kalula izinsuku ezinomile, unamathele ezifweni ezifayo nezifo. Impendulo kuphela: izithelo zidinga ukucubungula okuphuthumayo - azigcinwa nhlobo.

Mara

Namuhla, endaweni eseduze nenhloko-dolobha, ezindaweni eziningi zensimu, ikhula kahle futhi ikhule amapulazi esifundeni saseMoscow. Kunzima ukubiza uhlobo oluhle lwezithelo zakho, ngoba, okokuqala, kukhona okuningi kubo, futhi okwesibili, ezimweni eziningi, ukukhetha kuncike ekuthandeni kwakho okuthandayo: umuntu uthanda izithelo ezinhle kuphela, umuntu kufanele abe nokunambitheka okumuncu, Abanye bathanda inyama enamahloni, abanye bathanda kakhulu amathenda namanzi, njll.

I-Plum Mara ibekezelela ukushisa okunzima kakhulu, inomkhuhlane oqinile ezinkingeni eziningi ze-plum. Isihlahla asikhuli ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu, sinomqhele omuhle ngendlela yebhola, okudingayo ukudala izihlahla. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala - izithelo zivuthiwe kakade ekuqaleni kukaJulayi futhi, ngokuphawulekayo, ukuwa kungagxila emagatsheni kuze kube sekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka.

Isikhumba senziwe ngombala ophuzi, inyama ilula kancane. Ukunambitheka kuyothokoza abathandi bezithelo ezimnandi. Baphelele ukwenza imishaja nemishaja.

Korneyevskaya

Izinhlobo ezizibophezelayo zokucwiliswa kwe-plums esifundeni saseMoscow zivame ukudala izingxabano ezinkulu phakathi kwabalimi. Ngokwesibonelo, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi uKorneyevskaya unesikhathi eside kakhulu sokungena emsebenzini (kuze kube yiminyaka engu-6), abaphikisana nabo bayaqiniseka ukuthi ukulinda isikhathi eside ukuvunwa kungaphezu kokuvunwa okuphezulu, okufinyelela ku-50 kilograms esihlahleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezithelo ezihlwabusayo, ezimnandi nezomnandi. Ukuhluleka okusobala kwezinhlobonhlobo kungabangela ukungahlali kwezinye izifo zamatshe.

Röklöld epulazini elihlangene

Lezi zinhlobo ze-samoplodny ziyaziwa eduze nabalimi baseMoscow. Ibonakala ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu okuqinile nokuqhwa kwamaqhwa. Izithelo zobukhulu obuphakathi zimbozwe ngesikhumba sombala omnyama ophuzi. I-pulp iyamnandi futhi iyamanzi. Ngaphandle kokunakekelwa ngesikhathi esifanele futhi okunemakhono, isivuno somuthi sinciphile.

Izinhlobo eziphambili ze-plum esifundeni saseMoscow (ezizimele) ziphansi

Kulesi sigaba ngokuyinhloko izinhlobo ze-coloniform, ezingakhuli ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa nengxenye kuya kwamamitha amabili. Unomqhele ohlangene futhi awufani nokushiya okunzima kakhulu.

Imperial

Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo zokuqala zamakholomu ezinjengekholomu, manje ethandwa ngabalimi baseMoscow, ngenxa yezithelo ezinomsoco nezinkulu. Emile kakhulu, izithelo zinesisindo esimangalisayo - kufika ku-55 amagremu. Isikhumba sinabantu obukhulu, obomvu obomvu noma obomvu. I-pulp ine-hue enhle yegolide nomnandi omnandi ngomunambithe omncane omuncu.

Izinhlobonhlobo izithelo zomhlaba wonke zingasetshenziswa ekwenzeni ama-compotes, amakhemikhali, imishaja, kanye nokudla okusha. Inzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo ukuzakhela umanyolo kanye nokuzifaka umquba.

Iphupho lika-Orel

Izakhamuzi eziningi zasehlobo zikholelwa ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva, izinhlobo eziphambili ze-plum esifundeni saseMoscow ziye zavuthwa. I-Samoplodnye, izitshalo ezinama-stunted zinika isivuno esihle kakhulu futhi zilula kakhulu ekunakekeleni. Ngempela, i-Orel iphupho ngumkhiqizo osanda kubonakala emasimini, kodwa usuvele uwunqobe abathandi abaningi.

It has izithelo ezinkulu nxazonke (kufika ku-43 amagremu) wombala obomvu, nge-crab eziningi ezincane. Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo yetafula ngesilinganiso sokuvuna, kepha ngesikhathi esifanayo sinqande kakhulu izifo eziningi nobunzima bebusika. Omunye akanakusiza ukusho ngamanye amaphutha akhe - ukungena kwe-pulp nokuhlukaniswa kanzima kwetshe.

Ngakho-ke, sinikele izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokuzibophezela ze-plums esifundeni saseMoscow. Yikuphi okumele ukhethe kufinyelele kuwe. Sithemba ukuthi uzokwazi ukukhula nokuvuna isivuno esihle salezi zithelo ezinempilo nezomnandi.