Umquba womhlaba wonke wamazambane

I-Potato ingenye yezindawo eziyinhloko ekudleni kwethu. Ukwandisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezilimo eziyizigaxa, sebenzisa imifino ehlukahlukene yamazambane. Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, kuboniswe isipiliyoni ukuthi ukuthululela izakhi ngqo ezitsheni kusebenza kakhulu kunokufaka umanyolo wonke indawo.

Ukwethulwa kofulawa wamathambo emhlabathini kungakwandisa isivuno izikhathi eziningana futhi ngcono kakhulu ukunambitheka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Amazambane avuna kusuka kusayithi elinjalo anezibalo eziningana izikhathi eziningi. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo onjalo ngamazambane, njenge- phosphoric acid ne-nitrogen, kusiza ukwandisa isivuno.

Angifuni ukusebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali amazambane, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole isivuno esikhulu futhi esiphakeme. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo wemvelo wamazambane. Kwaphela isikhathi eside umquba wawusetshenziselwa ukondla noma yimiphi imifino. Amazambane asabela kahle nezithasiselo eziphilayo. Ngokuletha umquba wokugcoba amazambane, kufanele sikhulise isivuno izikhathi eziningana. Ukulimala okukhulu kwalesi sengezo kuyingozi enkulu yokwelashwa kwesifo sofuba esikhaleni.

Indlela yokwenza umquba, ukhethe wena kuphela. Lokhu kuzoxhomeka ekutheni inani lokuqala lokufaka umanyolo. Ungawuhlakaza emkhakheni wezambatho ngaphambi kokumba isayithi. Uma umquba uyingcosana, kungcono kakhulu ukuwuxuba ne-peat uphinde uthele emigodini yezinto zokutshala. Ikhulu lemhlaba lizodinga ukwethulwa kwamakhilogremu ayi-10 wezinto eziphilayo.

Kukhona amacala lapho kungekho manyolo, kodwa imakhemikhali ayinakwenzeka. Khona-ke ama-ciders azosiza. Umquba womhlaba wonke wamazambane kanye nanoma imuphi omunye umkhuba wemifino. Kutshalwa futhi kungcwatshwe ngamamitha ayikhulu angamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye emifino eluhlaza kuyoletha phansi umthamo wezakhi zomzimba, okulingana nama-kilogram angu-200 omquba. Ukusebenzisa kahle izakhiwo zemvelo zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene, ungakwazi ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukufakwa kwamakhemikhali kusayithi.

Umanyolo omuhle kakhulu wamazambane ungumuthi wokhuni, ohlanganisa isamba esikhulu se-potassium, izakhi ezincane nezincane. Ukwethulwa komlotha kuphela kwisayithi kwanele ukunikeza izitshalo zonke izakhi ezidingekayo. I-Ash ayidli imifino kuphela. Kuyasiza ukunciphisa ubuningi bomhlabathi.

Ukuxuba umlotha nomhlabathi ukutshala amazambane kuzomvumela ukuba athole i-potassium edingekayo ngendlela ye-carbonate usawoti, okwenziwa kangcono kakhulu kunamaminerali omquba. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakungenakwenzeka ukufakazela ukuthi isitshalo esitholiwe, esakhula ngomlotha, sinomkhuhlane okhulayo futhi esincane kakhulu kunezifo kunalokho okufanayo, kepha sithole umanyolo ovela kumanyolo wamaminerali.

Amazambane azibekezeleli i-lime ne-chlorine. Ukuba khona kwalezi zinto emhlabathini kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu akugcini nje ukunciphisa isivuno, kodwa futhi kuyisichitha ngokuphelele. Ngokunezela ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen ne-calcium, amazambane akwazi ukubhekana nesifo sofuba. Uma ufaka i-potassium emhlabathini, kufanele ukhawuleze ukondla ukondliwa komlotha.

Uma unquma ukusebenzisa amaminerali amaminerali ukwandisa isivuno, kufanele usebenzise i-ammonium nitrate. I-kilogram eyodwa yomanyolo ngamunye kilogram iyadingeka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-urea ingafakwa ngezinga elifanayo. Lezi zinto kufanele zenziwe ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane.

Ekwindla noma entwasahlobo yokumba isayithi, kuzodingeka ukuthi wengeze umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi kumazambane. I-Nitrofoski idinga ama-kilogram ayi-5 ngamakhilomitha angamakhilomitha ayikhulu. Uma ukhetha i-nitroammophoska, kuzothatha ama-kilogram ayi-3 kuphela ngamakhilomitha ayikhulu.

Uma kukhona inhlabathi enesihlabathi kusayithi, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokungezwa kwe- magnesium sulphate. Imitha eyodwa yesikwele kufanele ifakwe ama-80 amagremu. Ungathatha isikhundla salomanyolo ngefulawa i-dolomite. Indawo efanayo yanele ukwenza amagremu angu-20 kuphela.

Imakethe yemifuno yanamuhla igcwele izipesheli. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo empofu kanye nesigqi esheshayo sokuphila, umzimba wethu ubuthakathaka kakhulu. Ungalondli ngemifino ekhulile ekhemistry. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isipiliyoni seminyaka eminyaka yemvelo.