Ama-NSAID - yilokhu izidakamizwa? Ama-NSAID: okulotshiweyo. Isizukulwane esisha ama-NSAID

Isifinyezo se-NSAID - ingabe lokhu kusho lutho kuwe? Uma kungenjalo, ke siphakamisa ukuthi sikhulise ama-horizons ethu kancane futhi sithole ukuthi lezi zinhlamvu ezine ezimangalisayo zimelele. Funda isihloko - futhi konke kuzocaca. Sithemba ukuthi ngeke kube kuphela ulwazi, kodwa futhi kuyathakazelisa!

Ama-NSAID - aqoshiwe

Masifunde abafundi bethu isikhathi eside ebumnyameni. Ama-NSAID anqunywe njengezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala - imithi esikhathini sethu ithandwa kakhulu futhi idumile, ngoba iyakwazi ukukhipha ubuhlungu kanyekanye nokunciphisa izibilini ezihlukahlukene zomzimba wethu. Uma kuze kube manje awukaze ube nesidingo sokuthatha ama-NSAID - lokhu kungacatshangelwa isimangaliso. Wena - omunye wabantu abanqabile lucky, empeleni, impilo yakho ingaba nomona!

Sithuthukisa umbuzo olandelayo futhi masinyane sitshele ngokukhipha igama elithi "non-steroid". Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi zidakamizwa azizona i-hormonal, njll. Ayinakho ama-hormone ekubunjweni kwawo. Futhi lokhu kuhle kakhulu, ngoba wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izidakamizwa ezingenakulinganiswa neziyingozi zingaba kanjani.

Ama-NSAID adume kakhulu

Uma ucabanga ukuthi ama-NSAID yimithi egama layo lingavamile ukuba libikwe empilweni yansuku zonke, ulahlekile. Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi kufanele sisebenzise kaningi kangakanani izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala ukuphulukisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo ezihambisana nohlanga lwesintu kusukela ngesikhathi sokuxoshwa kuka-Adamu no-Eva emabernakele asezulwini. Funda uhlu lwezixazululo ezinjalo, mhlawumbe ezinye zazo zikhona kwikhabhinethi yakho yokwelapha ekhaya. Ngakho-ke, ama-NSAID afaka imithi enjengokuthi:

• "Aspirin."
• "Amidopyrine."
• "Analgin".
• "Piroxicam".
• "Bystrumgel".
• "Diclofenac."
• "Ketoprofen".
• "Indomethacin".
• Ketorol.
• "Naproxen".
• "Ketorolac".
• "Flurbiprofen".
• "Voltarengel".
• "Nimesil".
• "Diclofenac."
• Ibuprofen.
• "Indopan".
• Izomabhizinisi.
• "Uppsarin we-UPSA".
• "Ketanov".
• "Mesulide."
• "Movalis".
• "Nyz".
• "Nurofen."
• I-Orthofen.
• "Trombo ACC".
• "I-Ultraphene."
• "Fastum".
• "Finalgel".

Yebo, konke lokhu kuyi-NSAID. Uhlu lwavela nakuba lukhulu, kodwa, ngokuqinisekile, alugcini. Noma kunjalo unikeza ngokugcwele umqondo wezinhlobonhlobo zezidakamizwa zesimanje ezingezona-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala.

Ambalwa amaqiniso omlando

Ama-NSAID yokuqala okuqala ayesaziwa kubantu asekuqaleni. Ngokwesibonelo, eGibhithe lasendulo, amagxolo e-Willow asetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukushisa nobuhlungu - umthombo wemvelo we-salicylates kanye neyodwa yezidakamizwa zokuqala ezingekho ukuvuvukala. Futhi ngalezo zinsuku, abaphulukisi baphatha iziguli zabo ngenxa yobuhlungu obuhlangene kanye nomkhuhlane, ama-meth of myrtle ne-lemon balm - nazo ziqukethe i-salicylic acid.

Maphakathi nekhulu le-19 lemikhemikhali yaqala ukukhula ngokushesha, okwakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izifundo zokuqala zokwenziwa kwezidakamizwa ezitholakala ezintweni eziluhlaza zezitshalo zaqala. I-salicyine ehlanzekile esuka emagqabini e-willow yakhiwa ngo-1828 - lokhu kwakuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekudaleni "i-Aspirin" ejwayelekile.

Kodwa kuyoba neminyaka eminingi yocwaningo lwesayensi ngaphambi kokuba le mithi izalwe. Umcimbi omkhulu wenziwa ngo-1899. Odokotela neziguli zabo bahlolisisa ngokushesha izinzuzo zomuthi omusha. Ngo-1925, lapho isifo sofuba esiphezulu kunazo zonke sehlasela i-Europe, i-Aspirin yaba umsindisi wenani elikhulu labantu. Futhi ngonyaka ka-1950, lesi sidakamizwa esingavikiyo steroidal sokuvuvukala sasifakwe kuGuinness Book of Records njengoba i-analgesic nevolumu enkulu yokuthengisa. Kamuva, ezinye izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory) (NSAIDs) kamuva zadalwa ngamakhemikhali.

Iziphi izifo ezisetshenziselwa izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala okungezona-steroid

I-spectrum yesicelo se-NSAID inkulu kakhulu. Ziyasebenza kakhulu ekuphatheni izifo ezimbili ezinzima nezihlala njalo, ezihambisana nobuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Namuhla, izifundo ziqhubeka ukutadisha ukusebenza kwalezi zidakamizwa ekwelapheni kwenhliziyo nezifo ze-vascular. Futhi ukuthi angasetshenziselwa ubuhlungu emgodleni, bayazi cishe zonke izinto namuhla (ama-NSAID anesifo se-osteochondrosis yindindiso yangempela).

Nasi uhlu lwezifo, lapho kubonakala khona ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa ezihlukene:

• Fever.
• Izikhwehlela, i-migraines.
• Renal colic.
• I-arthritis ye-rheumatoid.
• Gout.
• I-osteoarthritis.
• I-osteoarthritis.
• Dysmenorrhea.
• I-arthropathies evuthayo (i-psoriatic arthritis, i-ankylosing spondylitis, i-Reiter syndrome).
• Isihlungu se-postoperative syndrome.
• I-syndrome yezinhlungu kusukela ebucayi obuncane kuya kokulinganisa nge-trauma kanye nezinguquko ezihlukahlukene zokuvuvukala.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-NSAID ngokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali

Ukufunda lesi sihloko, usuvele unelungelo lokuqinisekisa ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala. Ukuhamba phakathi kwabo okungenani kancane kangcono, ake sibheke ukuhlukaniswa kwalezi zimali. Okokuqala, zingahlukaniswa kanje: iqembu - ama-acids kanye neqembu lama-NSAID - amakhemikhali angewona ama-asidi.

Okokuqala kufaka:

- Salicylates (ngokushesha ungakhumbula ngo "Aspirin").

- Izidakamizwa ze-phenylacetic acid ("Aceclofenac", "Diclofenac", njll).

- I-Pyrazolidines (metamizol sodium, eyaziwa iningi lethu njenge "Analgin", "Phenylbutazone, njll").

- Oksikam ("Tenoxicam", "Meloksikam", "Pyroxicam", "Tenoxicam").

- Izidakamizwa ze-indoleacetic acid ("Sulindak", "Indomethacin", njll).

- Izidakamizwa ze- propionic acid ("Ibuprofen", njll).

Iqembu lesibili lithi:

- Izidakamizwa ze-sulfonamide ("Celecoxib", "Nimesulide", "Rofecoxib").

- Alkanones ("Nabumeton").

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal eziphikisayo ngokusebenza kwazo

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-NSAID ku-osteochondrosis nokuphathwa kwezinye izifo ezihlangene kungenza izimangaliso. Kodwa, ngeshwa, akuzona zonke izidakamizwa ezifanayo ekusebenzeni kwazo. Abaholi abangenalutho phakathi kwabo bangacatshangelwa:

• "Diclofenac."
• "Ketoprofen".
• "Indomethacin".
• "Flurbiprofen".
• "Ibuprofen" nezinye izidakamizwa.

Imithi efakwe ohlwini ingabizwa ngokuthi eyisisekelo; Lokhu kungukuthi, ngokusekelwe kwabo ama-NSAID amasha angathuthukiswa futhi athunyelwe kwinethiwekhi yekhemisi, kodwa ngaphansi kwegama elihlukile, elishintshiwe futhi ngokuvamile ngamanani aphezulu. Ukuze ungalokothi uchithe imali yakho ize, funda isahluko esilandelayo kanje. Ulwazi olukulo luzokusiza ukuthi ungenzi iphutha ngokuzikhethela kwakho.

Yini okufanele ubheke uma ukhetha umuthi

Ama-NSAID, ngokuyinhloko, izidakamizwa zanamuhla ezihle kakhulu, kepha uma efika ekhemisi, kungcono ukuqaphela ezinye zezinto ezihamba phambili. Yiziphi? Kodwa funda!

Isibonelo, ngaphambi kokukhetha ukuthi kungcono ukuthenga: "Diclofenac", "Ortophen" noma "Voltaren". Futhi uzama ukubuza umuthi wezokwelapha ukuthi iyiphi yalezi zidakamizwa kungcono. Cishe, uzokwaziswa yilowo obiza kakhulu. Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi ukwakheka kwezidakamizwa ezibalwe cishe kufana. Futhi umehluko ngamagama uchazwa ukuthi zikhiqizwa amafemu ahlukene, kungani izimpawu zokuhweba zihlukana komunye nomunye. Okufanayo kungashiwo, isibonelo, weMetindole ne-Indomethacine noma i-Ibuprofen ne-Brufene, njalonjalo.

Ukuze uqonde ukudideka, ngaso sonke isikhathi ubuke ngokucophelela ukupakisha, ngoba kumele kuboniswe into esemqoka yomuthi. Kuzobhalwa kuphela, cishe, izincwadi ezincane.

Kodwa akusikho konke. Noma kunalokho, akulula kangaka! Ukusetshenziswa kwesifaniselo se-NSAID somuthi othile ojwayele kuwe kungalindelekile ukuthi kubangele ukuphendula okweqile noma imiphumela emibi ongakaze uyibone ngaphambili. Iyini inkinga? Isizathu singafakwa ezengezeni ezengeziwe, okuyiqiniso ukuthi akukho lutho olwalubhalwe phansi. Ngakho-ke, kumelwe futhi sifunde imfundo.

Esinye isizathu esingahle semiphumela ehlukene yemithi ye-analog yimihluko emithini. Abantu abangafundile ngokuvamile abakhokhi, kodwa ngeze. Ngemuva amaphilisi amancane angaqukatha umthamo "wehhashi" wezinto ezisebenzayo. Futhi, ngokuphambene nalokho, amaphilisi noma ama-capsules ezinobukhulu obukhulu, kwenzeka, aqukethe ama-fillers okungenani amaphesenti angu-90.

Ngezinye izikhathi izidakamizwa nazo zikhishwa ngesimo esilahlekile, okungukuthi, njengezidakamizwa ezinde (eside). Isici esibalulekile semithi enjalo yikhono lokungena kancane kancane, ukuze isenzo sabo siqhubeke usuku lonke. Isidakamizwa esinjalo akufanele sidakwe izikhathi ezintathu noma ezine ngosuku, kuyokwanela ukuthatha isilinganiso esisodwa. Lesi sici somuthi kufanele siboniswe kuphakheji noma kwesokudla egameni. Isibonelo, i-"Voltaren" ifomu elide libizwa ngokuthi "i-Voltaren Retard."

Uhlu lwezifanisi zemithi eyaziwayo

Sishicilela leli shicilelo elincane lokukhohlisa ngethemba lokuthi lizokusiza ukuba uhambe kangcono ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokudayisa izidakamizwa. Ake sithi udinga ngokushesha ama-NSAID asebenzayo we-arthrosis ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu. Thola ishidi lokukopela bese ufunda uhlu olulandelayo:

"I-Diclofenac", "Diclouran", "Diclonac", "Rapten", "Diclobene", "Arthrosan", "Naklofen" nayo ifana ne "Diclofenac", ngaphezu kokushiwo "Voltaren" ne "Ortophen" kakade.

- "Indomethacin" ithengiswa ngaphansi kwezinto ezifana ne-Indomin, i-Indotard, iMetindol, i-Rheumatine, i-Indobene, i-Intaban.

- I-Analogues ye "Pyroxicam": "Erazon", "Pyrox", "Roxicam", "Pirokam".

- Analogues of "Ketoprofen": "Fleksen", "Profenid", "Ketonal", "Artrozilen", "Knavon."

- I-Ibuprofen "ethandwa futhi engabizi" iyatholakala njengengxenye yemithi enjenge "Nurofen", "Reumafen", "Brufen", "Bolinet".

Imithetho yokuphatha ama-NSAID

Ukwamukelwa kwama-NSAID kungahle kuhambisane nemiphumela emibi, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba ilandelwe ngenkathi ihambisana nemithetho elandelayo:

1. Ukuzijwayeza ngemfundo nokulandela izincomo eziqukethwe kuyo kuyimpoqo!

2. Uma uthatha i-capsule noma tablet ngaphakathi, uphuze ingilazi yamanzi ukuvikela isisu sakho. Lo mthetho kumele ulandelwe, ngisho noma uphuza izidakamizwa eziphambili kakhulu (okubhekwa njengokuphephile), ngoba ukunakekelwa okungeziwe akupheli;

3. Ungalali ngemva kokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa cishe isigamu sehora. Iqiniso liwukuthi amandla adonsela phansi ayokwenza ukuthi kube lula ukuhamba kahle kwe-capsule phansi kwesisindo;

4. Kungcono ukwenqaba ukuphuzwa utshwala, ngoba ama-NSAID ahlangene kanye nophuzo oluyingxube yinkinga ekwazi ukudala izifo ezihlukahlukene zesisu.

5. Ngosuku olulodwa, ungathathi izidakamizwa ezimbili ezingafani neze-steroid - lokhu ngeke kwandise umphumela omuhle, kodwa, cishe, kufingqa imiphumela emibi.

6. Uma umuthi ungasizi, khuluma nodokotela wakho, mhlawumbe ubeke umthamo omncane kakhulu.

Imiphumela emibi kanye nesifo sofuba esingenayo i-steroid

Manje kufanele uthole ukuthi yi-NSAID-gastropathy. Ukuzisola kwami okukhulu, wonke ama-NSAID anemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Okubi kakhulu kakhulu kuthinta ipheshana lomzimba. Iziguli zingase zikhathazeke yizibonakaliso ezifana nokuthi

• I-nausea (ngezinye izikhathi kakhulu kakhulu).
• Ukuguquka kwenhliziyo.
• Ukuvota.
• Dyspepsia.
• Ukuphaphaza kwamathumbu.
• Uhudo.
• Ulcer we duodenum nesisu.

Zonke izinkinga ezingenhla futhi kukhona i-NSAID-gastropathy. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bazama njalo ukunikeza iziguli zabo isilinganiso esingenani esincane semithi ye-classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory. Ukuze unciphise imiphumela emibi esiswini nasemathunjini, kunconywa ukuba ungalokothi uthathe izidakamizwa ezinganeni ezingenalutho, futhi wenze lokhu kuphela emva kokudla okuningi.

Kodwa izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya - lezi akuzona zonke imiphumela emibi ukuthi ezinye ze-NSAID zikwazi ukunikeza. Ezinye izidakamizwa zingaba nomthelela omubi enhliziyweni, kanye nasezintsheni. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwamukelwa kwabo kungahambisana nekhanda kanye nesizungu. Enye inkathazo enkulu - inomthelela owonakalisa kwi-intraarticular cartilage (yebo, kuphela ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside). Ngenhlanhla, namuhla kukhona ukuthengiswa kwe-NSAID yesizukulwane esisha, okuyinhloko ekukhulumeni kulezi ziphutha.

Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala kwezizukulwane ezintsha

Emashumini amabili eminyaka edlule, izinkampani eziningana zokwelapha ziye zakha ngokuthuthukisayo zakha ama-NSAID amasha anamuhla, okuyinto, kanye nokususwa okuphumelelayo kobuhlungu nokuvuvukala, bekuyoba nemiphumela emibi ngangokunokwenzeka. Imizamo yama-pharmacy iye yaphumelela - iqembu lonke elisha lezidakamizwa, elibizwa ngokuthi likhethiwe, seliye lakhiwa.

Ake ucabange - lezi zidakamizwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela zingadakwa izifundo ezide kakhulu. Futhi imigomo ingalinganiswa nje kuphela ngamasonto nezinyanga, kodwa ngisho nangeminyaka. Izidakamizwa ezivela kuleli qembu azikho umthelela owonakalayo emathunjini, i-side effects ayifuni njalo futhi ayibangeli izinkinga.

I-NSAID yesizukulwane esisha imithi enjengale:

• "Movalis".
• "Nyz" (aka "Nimulid").
• "Arcoxia".
• "Celebrex".

Ngezinye zezinzuzo zabo esizolitshela ngesibonelo se "Movalis". Itholakala kokubili kumathebulethi wendabuko (7.5 no-15 mg), naku-suppositories ka-15 mg, naku-glass ampoules yokuphathwa kwe-intramuscular (futhi i-15 mg). Lesi sidakamizwa sisebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo sisebenza ngokuphumelelayo: ithebulethi eyodwa kuphela yanele usuku lonke. Uma isiguli siboniswa ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside nge-arthrosis enamandla yezinyosi noma amathanga amadolo, "i-Movalis" ayifuni kalula.

Amafomu ahlukene lapho ama-NSAID akhiqizwa khona

Izidakamizwa ezithandwayo ezingezona ezenza ukuvuvukala ezingatholakali zingathengwa futhi zingasetshenziswa nje kuphela njengeziphilisi nama-capsules wokungenisa, kepha futhi ngamafutha, ama-gel, amakhandlela nezixazululo ezingenayo. Futhi lokhu kuyiqiniso kakhulu, ngoba ukuhlukahluka okunjalo kwenzeke kwezinye izimo ukugwema ukulimala ukwelashwa ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuthola umphumela wokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngakho-ke, i-NSAID yesizukulwane esisha, ne-arthrosis esetshenziselwa uhlobo lwemijovo, ayithinti kakhulu amapheshana emathunjini. Kodwa kunomqondo ophazamisayo kulo mdali: ngokufakwa kwe-intramuscularly cishe yonke imithi engeyona i-steroid iyakwazi ukucindezela - i-necrosis yezincubu zomzimba. Yingakho imigwaqo ye-NSAID ingakaze yenziwe isikhathi eside.

Ngokuyinhloko, ukujola kunqunywe ukukhushulwa kwezifo ezivuthayo nezivuthayo-ezidlistrophic zamalungu nomgogodla, ezihambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu obungenakubekezeleka. Ngemuva kokuba isimo sesiguli sithuthukisiwe, kuba lula ukushintshela amaphilisi kanye nama-agent angaphandle ngendlela yamafutha okugcoba.

Ngokuvamile, odokotela bahlanganisa amafomu ehlukene, bese benquma ukuthi nini futhi nini ukuletha inzuzo enkulu kwesiguli. Isiphetho siyaziveza: uma ungafuni ukuzilimaza ngokuzitholela izifo ezivamile njenge-osteochondrosis noma i-arthrosis, cela usizo esikhungweni sezokwelapha, lapho uzokwazi ukukusiza khona.

Ngingasebenzisa ama-NSAID ekukhulelwe?

Odokotela batusa kakhulu ukuthatha ama-NSAID kwabesifazane abakhulelwe (ikakhulukazi ban for yokuthathu yesithathu), kanye mums ngubani bancelise. Kukholakala ukuthi leli qembu izidakamizwa kungase kuyithinte kabi sokukhulelwa umbungu futhi kumenze kombungu ahlukahlukene.

Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, kuba umuthi okungenangozi Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi njengoba "aspirin", kungandisa ingozi kwesisu ekukhulelweni ekuseni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi odokotela abahlinzayo yizinkomba engabelwe abesifazane izidakamizwa esebenzayo (kulinganiselwe izinga kanye Ukweqiwa sakugcina). Ngo ngamunye endabeni ethile, isinqumo kumele ezenziwa Udokotela onguchwepheshe.

Ngo sokukhulelwa, abesifazane kaningi unenkinga emuva kunesidingo ukuxazulula le nkinga ngokusebenzisa izidakamizwa nonsteroidal antiinflammatory njengoba esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi okusheshayo. Kulokhu, wavumela ukusetshenziswa "Voltaren Gel." Kodwa - futhi - esizimele ukusetshenziswa kwalo kungenzeka kuphela engxenyeni yezinyanga ezintathu lokuqala nelesibili, ekukhulelweni kamuva ukusetshenziswa kwalesi izidakamizwa ezinamandla kuvunyelwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela sika.

isiphetho

Satshela wena ukuthi yini abayaziyo ngeNkosi ngokwabo ama-NSAID. Sokuqonda izifinyezo, ngezigaba kwemikhiqizo zokwelapha, imithetho reception zabo, ulwazi mayelana side effects - ke kungaba usizo ekuphileni. Kodwa sifuna ukubona isidingo imithi wasuka kubafundi bethu ngangokusemandleni. Ngakho-ke, ngaleso sokuvalelisa, sikufisela impilo enhle namandla!