Izinhlobo pasta. Yiziphi izinhlobo pasta?

Chellentani futhi manikotti, kazerechche futhi Pipa Rigat, mafaldine futhi Stellini, soba futhi Udon, futhi sayfun bifun, chuzma futhi nuasyr - umuntu libhekisela pasta "sokwehlisa", kumane nje iqoqo lamagama angaphandle. Ukuze fan kweqiniso Iyindaba yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo pasta emazweni ahlukahlukene.

Namuhla, ngokungafani kuya Ezikhathini zangaphambili, ezitolo nezitolo ezinkulu emashalofini presents Tinhlobo pasta. Izithombe abekwe ngezansi sibonisa kuphela inombolo encane ezahlukene ifomu, libanga kanye uhlobo pasta.

Kuphi futhi nini babe pasta?

Usuku ngqo lapho ekudleni abantu babe pasta, awukwazi guqula ukupheka mlando. imicabango Segodnyasuschestvuyut mayelana Etruscans ubuqhawe, amaShayina nama-Arabhu endabeni kokusungulwa pasta.

Ukuba uzifunde ngokucophelela Etruscan yamathuna imifanekiso okuqondene BC IV leminyaka. e., izazi-mlando baye bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi zibonisa isitsha izinto, okuyinto zenziwa pasta.

Ngokusho komunye umbono uwukuthi mlando nasemlandweni wanamuhla pasta iqala kusukela ekhulwini XIII, lapho Venice wabuya evela eChina-Marco Polo. Nokho, ngisho e-maphakathi nekhulu XII, iningi nokuthengiswa yeSisili wayengomunye walaba izinhlobo pasta (pasta secca). Okungukuthi, ngisho isigamu sekhulu leminyaka kuze kubuye isihambi ezinkulu ezivela China amaNtaliyane lakhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukene pasta.

Okunye mlando baphikisa ngokuthi kuqala kokutholakala pasta, noma kunalokho uhlobo zabo ezifana noodle, kungokwalabo China, lapho uzilungiselele ngaphambi ukuqala AD. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akukho ulwazi ngqo mayelana nini futhi kuphi kukhona pasta, abantu abahlala emazweni ahlukene futhi okuqondene namasiko ehlukene kanye nobuzwe, abanye bayakujabulela ukusebenzisa kwabo.

"National" ikakhulukazi pasta

Ekhishini, abantu abaningi babe Tinhlobo pasta izitsha lapho asetshenziswe ngandlela-thile.

EYurophu, kwezinhlobo ozithandayo kakhulu futhi ujwayelene kukhona noodle ezenziwe ngofulawa kakolweni. Ngokwesibonelo, mhlawumbe bangamaJuda nobubanzi ezihlukene kakhulu, ubude nomumo.

Iningi Asians, kuhlanganise nabakhuluma isiShayina, uncamela pasta wenza kusuka ufulawa irayisi. Ngokuyisisekelo zalezi zinhlobo pasta njengoba irayisi noodle anobude obungalingani nobubanzi, angenisa ukukhanya noma amhlophe.

EJapane, Kazakhstan, I-Asia emaphakathi futhi kwezinye izifundazwe e China kuthandwa kakhulu noodle eside, okuyinto basondela ngendlela ekhethekile. E-Asia, ibizwa ngokuthi "chuzma" futhi isetshenziselwa ukupheka Laghman.

EJapane, injabulo Yenziwe Tinhlobo olungafani ufulawa pasta. Ngakho, kuthandwa kakhulu noodle soba, wenza inhlanganisela nokunye okufana nokolweni kanye nelayisi ufulawa, futhi isetshenziswa ukulungiswa izitsha eziningi. isitashi imidumba ukulungiselela uhlobo noodle ekhethekile - sayfun.

Emazweni Arab ezifana izinhlobo ethandwa pasta njengoba Rasht futhi nuasyr.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside, labapheki ezivela emhlabeni wonke baye bazama ikhono lokwenza pasta nokudala izindlela ezintsha. Ake sibheke iziphi pasta.

Russian ngezigaba pasta

Pasta zingahlelwa ngokuvumelana nezimfuno ehlukahlukene, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuye izinto zokusetshenziswa kusetshenziswe senqubo yokukhiqiza. Macaroni ezimweni eziningi zenziwa kusukela ufulawa kakolweni, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi wenziwe irayisi, i-rye, futhi ufulawa nokunye okufana nokolweni, futhi corn isitashi.

Ngokusho amazinga isiRashiya, pasta wenza kusuka ufulawa kakolweni, kuncike kakolweni izinhlobo zihlukaniswa amaqembu ezilandelayo: A, B, C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebangeni ufulawa isisekelo inyumbazana ngenxa ezintathu izinhlobo pasta - ayanda, lokuqala nelesibili.

I Iqembu samukelwa ku-pasta ezenziwe ngofulawa ephakeme, lokuqala nelesibili durum ukolo. pasta Raw eqenjini B kuyinto kafulawa amamaki aphezulu kanye lokuqala Vitreous kakolweni. Pasta iqembu B esetshenziswa ufulawa isinkwa grade abaphezulu kanye kuqala.

ERussia, ngokuvumelana izindinganiso isimo, zonke pasta, kuye ngokuthi isimo sabo, zihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana:

• abacaphuni;
• ijabulise;
• asamicwana;
• iribhoni emise.

Esimweni ngasinye kulezi zinhlobo Kunezinhlobo eziningana. izihloko Shaped ingenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi ayilingani.

Ngu pastas ijabulise zihlanganisa pasta ngqo, izimpaphe nezimpondo. Kuyo, kuncike ubukhulu uhlukaniswe:

• "Utshani" - ububanzi kufike ku-4 mm;
• ekhethekile - ubukhulu kusuka 4 mm kuya 5.5 mm;
• ezivamile - ububanzi kusukela 5.6 mm kuya ku-7 mm;
• amateur - ubukhulu mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 7 mm.

Filamentous pasta noodle zihlukaniswe Ubulembu-ububanzi ezingekho ngaphezulu kuka-0.8 mm; esihle - ububanzi hhayi kunangendlela 1.2 mm; ezivamile - ububanzi esingaphansi 1.5 mm; amateur - ububanzi kufika ku 3 mm.

Ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo band emise pasta noodle akhiqizwa amafomu ahlukahlukene kanye namagama. Kungaba iqonde futhi mihlobiso imiphetho, lukathayela futhi abushelelezi. noodle ukujiya ayikwazi ukudlula 2 mm, nobubanzi akuvumelekile, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka 3 mm.

Ngokusho izivakashi isiRashiya, zonke pastas zihlukaniswe amaqembu amabili ayinhloko :. A obuphelele emfushane 1.5 kuya ku-15 cm, futhi ubude - kusukela cm 15 kuya 50 ngokuhambisana namazinga isimo, pasta made nje, noodle kanye vermicelli kungaba kokubili eside futhi iDemo. imikhiqizo Shaped, kanye nezimpondo nezimpaphe ekhiqizwa ezimfushane kuphela.

Italian pasta ngezigaba

E-Italy, wasebenzisa ngezigaba kancane ezahlukene pasta kuka kuyisiko eRussia. ukupheka Italian nje, kukhona kunamasonto angaba amakhulu amathathu izinhlobo pasta, kodwa inani labo eliqondile othile singenakwenzeka uzokwazi ukubiza.

E-Italy i-pasta lihlukaniswe kakhulu okuluhlaza futhi yomile. pasta omisiwe kugcinwa isikhathi eside futhi athengiswe ezitolo okudayisa. Ngokuphambene, i-pasta kuphekwe ngokushesha esetshenziselwa ukulungiswa isidlo.

Zonke pasta isiNtaliyane kunemibandela luhlukaniswe subgroups ezilandelayo:

• eside;
• lemfisha;
• abacaphuni;
• pasta encane isobho;
• senzelwe baking;
• egcwele (eyayigcwele) unama.

pasta eside

Ukuze afeze eside pasta amashubhu nge ububanzi 1.2 2 mm, ezifana Cappellini, vermicelli, spaghetti kanye spagettini futhi bucatini.

Flat pasta kuze kudabuke umhlane ngesimo noodle ezifana bavette, fettuccine, tagliatelle, linguine futhi pappardelle ziyahlukahluka phakathi ububanzi lovela 3 kuya 13 mm.

ukubukwa Hlukanisa pasta eside flat kuthiwa mafaldine kokuba imiphetho wavy.

Pasta iDemo

pasta iDemo ezihlukahlukene okulandelayo ethandwa kakhulu.

Izimpaphe Penne -. Lokhu tube ubukhulu encane ngaphezulu kuka 10 mm kanti ubude akukho amathiphu ezingaphezu kuka-4 cm pasta bafa engela, yingakho ziyafana ngepeni ngensimbi. ezindaweni zawo kungaba bushelelezi noma ezimazombezombe.

Ditalini, okuyinto elihunyushwe esuka Italian kusho "thimbles". tube amancane kufushane kakhulu.

Rigatoni - lamafisha pasta amashubhu, sibanti kwendlula Penne. Ngokuvamile ezimazombezombe.

Ziti - athe lwalugobile arc tube. Kungaba kokubili lamafisha.

Izimpondo (Elbow macaroni) - arched, amashubhu encane eziyize.

pasta abacaphuni

pasta Curly isiko Italy zingase zishintshe kakhulu ngesimo, ubukhulu. Yiziphi izinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu futhi evame ukusetshenziswa pasta.

Rotini - Kuvunguza, "iziphethu" ezincane ngempela futhi iDemo.

Okungaqondakali - Kuvunguza isikhathi eside kunaleso rotini, futhi basonta ibe "entwasahlobo." Kungaba ezahlukene: eside, mncane, short futhi obukhulu.

Kavatappi - efana fuzz, kodwa ngaphezulu welulela ubude. Ngaphakathi azinalutho ngaphakathi, kanti ngaphandle - lukathayela.

Conchiglie - amagobolondo, futhi inguqulo yezwi nezwi kusuka Italian - "clamshell". Ubude ezahlukene futhi ayibanzi ingaphakathi langaphakathi.

Lyumake - iminenke. Eqinisweni, kubonakala kakhulu efana indlu iminenke okuyindawo yazithandela.

Farfalle - Butterfly. Sihlangane ngaphansi igama romantic prosaic ngaphezulu - "Iminsalo".

Sesipholisanjini - hhayi simnandi kakhulu futhi romantic igama Ukushaywa - kurediyetha, ngoba anemifantu kanye anemifantu ku ngamunye spaghetti.

Ruota - isondo, pasta yethu amafomu zokuphumula ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi - "amasondo".

Orso - okusikhumbuza ngaphezulu esihle irayisi noodle.

Eminye imininingwane ukucabangela izinhlobo Italian pasta abacaphuni ngeke, uma sibala amagama ambalwa: Torchio, Gemelli, malloredas, kezaritsiya, engu- Di Galli, kvadrefore futhi Gigli.

pasta Encane (pasta) isobho

Ukuze ukugcwalisa isobho zisebenzisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo pasta encane.

Anelli - amancane, izindandatho flat.

Alfabhethi - pasta ngesimo izincwadi.

Kugcwele - tubules encane miniature Sectional zifane coral.

Stellete - izinkanyezi, efana pasta yethu isobho ijamo efanayo.

Filin - amayunithi wezinhlamvu iDemo.

Pasta wokubhaka

Cannelloni - ifana amapayipi eside futhi ezinkulu-ububanzi.

Manikotti - tube nje cannelloni, kodwa ububanzi ezincane.

Konkilone - kakhulu, singasho, amagobolondo giant.

Conchiglie - amagobolondo yobukhulu medium.

Lumakoni - big umnenke.

Lasagna - amashidi flat futhi ububanzi kabani imiphetho kungaba ngokuqondile noma mihlobiso.

pasta Egcwele - pasta ne ukugcwaliswa

Ravioli - amadombolo square emise kusukela pasta inhlama, sifana abavamile amadombolo Russian.

Tortellini - amadombolo amancane ngesimo izindandatho nge ezihlukahlukene ofakwe.

Gnocchi - amadombolo amancane eyayigcwele egayiwe amazambane, ushizi noma isipinashi.

On umbuzo iziphi pasta, iningi abalandeli babo abaneminyaka esuka eminyakeni emi-3 kuya ku-12 ubudala uzokutshela ukuthi umbala. Ngempela, izingane ezifana nalezi noodle kakhulu! Penda kubo, njengoba umthetho, udayi yemvelo. Ngakho, i-pasta oluhlaza etholakala ngokungeza ijusi isipinashi, onsomi - beetroot juice, emnyama - inki squid.

E-Italy, kuba kakhulu othanda black pasta futhi bakubize ngokuthi pasta Nera. Usayizi, ukuma ngobude pasta ancike kuphela kwi Culinary fantasy chef isinqumo ukupheka kubo.

Sahlola kwezinhlobo evamise esetshenziswa nezinhlobonhlobo pasta, eqinisweni, uhla pasta mkhulu kakhulu kwalokho esingakucabanga. Mhlawumbe, amaNtaliyane ngokwabo, kwasinda labapheki professional, izazi-mlando Culinary ukukhiqizwa onjiniyela pasta, awazi yini pasta, wayithanda ezweni lakubo ngakho.