Izinhlobo lwenalidi nesipetu. imijovo Medical: isakhiwo kanye nosayizi

Isipetu (igama layo lisuselwa spritzen German - ukufafaza) - igama elisetshenziswa ubuciko, ukupheka imithi ukwethulwa nokususwa amagesi noma uketshezi ezahlukene nge ingcindezi piston.

imijovo Nemithi - amathuluzi esetshenziselwa umjovo, wokubhoboza kungakanani abakwaziyo kanye nokuhlola nenshisekelo lokuqukethwe zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo izimbotshana zomzimba womuntu. isimiso sayo ukusebenza wukuthi, lapho piston liyaphuma, inaliti ibekwe yisiphi salezo zitsha nge uketshezi, phakathi kwamanzi futhi ithuluzi cleaner. Njengoba uketshezi kule umkhumbi umfutho womoya, liyophuma ku ingaphakathi layo.

Ngokuyinhloko isipetu - hhayi nje kuphela nomgodi iziqu isilinda nge ekupheleni evulekile (okuyinto ifakwe ngenduku piston) kanye Isigaxa at komunye umkhawulo (ehambisana inaliti). imijovo alahlwayo Modern cishe ngokuphelele eyenziwe ngepulasitiki, kuyilapho abanye esebenza - metal.

Izinhlobo imijovo kanye izinaliti iyahlukahluka kuye ngosayizi wazo, inhloso, isakhiwo kanye nenani ukusetshenziswa kungenzeka.

Asiqale ngamathuluzi ngezigaba nomklamo yabo.

Hlukanisa ezimbili kanye emithathu ingxenye imijovo. Uyini umehluko? Ukwakhiwa ezimbili ingxenye siye kakade ezichazwe ngenhla - bona aqukethe kuphela uMbhalo bese piston. I emithathu ingxenye lezi izingxenye ezimbili sengezwe, kanti eyesithathu - the plunger.

Sichaza ukuthi kuyini nokuthi kungani udinga. A ambalwa eminyaka adlule, odokotela waphawula ukuthi imijovo ubuhlungu akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni indlela okunzima inaliti isipetu, kodwa futhi phezu olubushelelezi we motion we piston therein. Into wukuthi umhlengikazi okwenza umjovo, ubeka ababengaboshiwe benza umzamo omkhulu "push" we piston ngaphakathi isilinda. Ngenxa yalokhu, lonke isipetu ihamba, nenaliti, etholakala izicubu womuntu, futhi. Empeleni, lena imbangela ubuhlungu.

Manje uqhubeke ngqo plunger. Lona evamile iraba uphawu, okuyinto unamathele piston intuthuko wayo obushelelezi ngaphezulu uMbhalo isipetu. Ngakho, imijovo abantu ngokuncane amandla ingcindezi isipetu futhi besezinhlungwini cishe zinyamalale.

Okwamanje, zombili izinhlobo kusetshenziswa imithi.

Cabanga futhi Ukwahlukaniswa imijovo ngenani ukusetshenziswa. Njengoba wazi, ngesisekelo salokhu, bahlukene zibe alahlwayo futhi esebenza.

imijovo alahlwayo (AIZ - ukusetshenziswa olulodwa imijovo)

Saba okusakazekile 80s ekuseni. Basuke cishe ngokuphelele eyenziwe ngepulasitiki, ngaphandle inaliti - it is ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali. Ukuze uthole ekuphathweni eyodwa izidakamizwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa ampin (noma Syrett).

Ngokuvamile, wezokwelapha imijovo alahlwayo - izinhlobo ke ka imijovo ngoba imijovo. Ake sihlolisise kubo.

Kuvele isipetu abavamile alahlwayo

Ezivamile imijovo alahlwayo (zilwane, Ubukhulu zazo sizoxoxa kamuva) ezisetshenziswa wekuphatsa imijovo ezahlukene. Its isimiso yokusebenza kanye nesakhiwo sezivele kuchaziwe ngenhla.

Kukhona izinhlobo imijovo alahlwayo ne imali elandelayo 2 ml, 3 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml no-50 ml. Kukhona umehluko futhi ezinye izinhlobo ze-non-standard, ezifana ezincane noma insulini isipetu UJanet isipetu ephethe umthamo we 150 ml.

insulini imijovo

Lokhu izinhlobo imijovo ezisetshenziswa ekuphathweni insulin esigulini. Umthamo we isipetu - 1 ml. It has a inaliti mncane futhi kunalokho esifushane, okwenza ukwethulwa izidakamizwa kobuhlungu. Ngenxa yokuthi lo muthi cishe njalo self-zaphathwa isiguli, leli qiniso libaluleke kakhulu.

Zonke izinhlobo insulini imijovo ibhalwe hhayi kuphela ngemamilimitha, kodwa futhi amayunithi (amayunithi lapho umthamo we-insulin senziwa). Kuzo zonke amalungiselelo akhona namuhla, 1 ml iqukethe 100 U - kusaba khona, akukho kancane.

Lezi imijovo kufanele futhi ube nenani ukuma okhethekile piston, iqinisekisa ukunemba esiphezulu lapho ekhipha izidakamizwa. Standard insulini isipetu has mshini e ziyakhula 1 IU, izingane isipetu - amayunithi 0.5 noma 0.25.

Ngasekuqaleni futhi sisebenzisa ubukhulu isipetu amayunithi 40, kodwa okwamanje cishe kuzo yasendlini.

Ukuze insulini njalo futhi wasebenzisa ipeni njengoba ngosizo yayo kulula ukwenza. Okuningi zalezi zinhlobo imijovo sizoxoxa kamuva.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi esibayeni insulin kubhekwa-off omunye, ingasetshenziswa izikhathi eziningana kuze kube yilapho istupitsya inaliti.

isipetu Janet

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo imijovo yezokwelapha, lokhu - kwekulu. umthamo Its 150 ml. UJanet isipetu uvame esetshenziselwa ukuhlamba umzimba womuntu izimbotshana noma isizinda uketshezi, kodwa ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngqo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa enemas ekwakhiweni. Ingasetshenziselwa ngoba imijovo naphakathi-besisu, emthanjeni noma intratracheal, okuyiwona isipetu ezivamile sincane kakhulu.

Uma Ubuke "eyisithunjwa Caucasian", kufanele sikhumbule yesehlakalo lapho abanolwazi ukubeka i ujove esicutshini amaphilisi elele ngosizo ukuthi efanayo UJanet isipetu. Kumele baqonde ukuthi lokhu nje i-movie futhi empilweni yangempela, uJanet isipetu alisetshenziswa ngezinjongo ezinjalo.

imijovo ngokuzenzakalela vimbela

Izinhlobo imijovo alahlwayo, eyayibonakala elakhelwe le emikhulu yokugoma izinhlelo ezithile, noma yimuphi omunye umjovo e omningi.

engavamile wabo uwukuthi ukusetshenziswa kabusha le isipetu futhi kungenakususwa athutha. Ziklanyelwe ukuze plunger ikhiyiwe ngemuva kokusebenzisa lokuqala kanye isipetu ungakwazi kuphela aphonse. Lona inzuzo yabo eyinhloko phezu kwazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo alahlwayo, ukuthi empeleni ingasetshenziswa isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Ampin

imijovo Medical senzelwe abaphathi ongayedwa izidakamizwa. Lezi izinhlobo ngokuvamile babe e nekhabethe lemithi ye isisebenzi sezimo eziphuthumayo ngalunye. Ziyakwazi oyinyumba ngokuphelele futhi kakade aqukethe umthamo oyifunayo imithi ngendlela uphawu esitsheni iphakethe.

Izinhlobo imijovo, isithombe ozosithola ngaphansi incazelo, musa iphele imijovo ukusetshenziswa olulodwa.

Manje cabanga onobuhle esebenza futhi ezahlukeneyo yabo.

imijovo esebenza

Kwakubonakala sengathi ezweni lanamuhla akukho indawo enjalo izinto ethambile njengesando imijovo esebenza. Kodwa akukho, izinhlobo ezithile avame ukusetshenziswa futhi ziphephile ngokuphelele.

imijovo Ezivamile esebenza

Eyokuqala esebenza ingilazi imijovo yabuya ngo-1857 futhi bebabukela ngendlela namuhla. Umqondo udala glassmaker ingilazi isipetu ephethwe Fournier. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 eyathengwa umqondo inkampani French futhi ngokushesha busuka umkhuba ngengilazi imijovo. Yingaleso kusukela ngaleso sikhathi lonke imijovo esebenza steel ifa lesintu. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, abenziwe lobehlukene kusuka 2 kuya ku-100 ml. Ngo isipetu langaleso sikhathi kwaba iziqu ingilazi isilinda, ziphethe Isigaxa. Ngaphakathi uMbhalo, a piston kwaba. Lokhu ukwakha u inzalo ngu abilayo. Glass kwaba ukushisa ukumelana futhi umelana okushisa afinyelela ku-degree angu-200.

Ukuze bavale isikhala salo umfuziselo ezinjalo ngo-1906, wahlanganyela isipetu uhlobo "Qopha", eyayintula inaliti esibunjiweyo isilinda ingilazi uphawu nhlangothi zombili emasongweni metal kanye piston lensimbi indandatho zenjoloba ukuze bathole uphawu.

I imijovo inzalo ngokuvamile agcinwe endaweni amaphepha ansundu aminyene. Lalibizwa ngokuthi "kraftpaket". Bekanye esebenza isipetu izinaliti banamathela. Phakathi ukusetshenziswa, lezi zinsimbi ukwethula inqubo umjovo kwakubuhlungu ngempela ngoba esebenza inaliti tupilis ngokushesha okukhulu ngenxa ukubila okuphindaphindiwe. Ngaphambi langempela inqubo imijovo sahlanza wire ekhethekile - "stylet". I Pharmacy amakhamphani azakwazi iziqukathi ekhethekile yokugcina amathuluzi.

Cishe akufanele sibabukele mayelana nokwenzeka yokudlulisela izifo eziningi kanye imijovo nje enjalo.

Ngenhlanhla, lezi netakhi ayisasetshenziswa. Izizukulwane zethu imijovo esebenza zihlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

isipetu ngepeni

Lolu hlobo isipetu isivele okukhulunywe ngaye esihlokweni. Ngalo, abantu abanesifo sikashukela yethulwe zingene insulini umzimba.

Igama lalesi isipetu sivela ukufana sobala ne ipeni. It liqukethe izingxenye eziningana komzimba igobolondo (noma emikhonweni igobolondo) nge-insulini umthamo, inaliti esikhiphekayo ukuthi kufakwe ku ichopho igobolondo, lo mshini ezithothene we piston futhi kunjalo cap.

Kanye i isipetu insulini, isipetu-ipeni has inaliti mncane kakhulu, buhlungu kancane inqubo. Nale divayisi izinqubo cishe ezingabonakali, lokho kusho okuningi kubantu okwenza imijovo izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.

Umehluko lokhu apharathasi kusukela insulini isipetu ukunciphisa yinkimbinkimbi eyohlinzwa futhi lula xaxa.

Mechanism sokuphuzisa isipetu izibaya ivumela ngokunembile ukungena oyifunayo izidakamizwa umthamo. Layisha kabusha igobolondo, kuyatuseka ukuba afeze zonke izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukushintsha igobolondo nge-insulini kudingeka imizuzwana embalwa nje.

Ezinye onobuhle of the esibayeni uye inaliti esikhiphekayo, kulesi simo, kufanele ushintshe okungenani kanye ngesonto. Ngo onobuhle lapho kuhlangana khona inaliti ayikwazi ukushintshwa, kufanele uqale inzalo.

Ipeni isakazeke emhlabeni wonke.

carpool imijovo

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imithi yesimanje ngokwethukela kusetshenziswa kakhulu imijovo alahlwayo carpool, sisalokhu wabayisa "esebenza".

Carpool isipetu iphathelene umjovo futhi ikakhulu esetshenziswa wodokotela bamazinyo. Yebo, lokho kuyoba nale divayisi lensimbi ampulki tonyusenkoy futhi Needle kithi ukwethula izinzwa amazinyo.

Ngezinye izikhathi ibuye isetshenziswe nokuphathwa neminye imithi.

Ngo-2010 inkampani "AERS-Med" lobunikazi le imijovo lokuqala alahlwayo carpool. Njalo nje kuyanda, kancane kancane displacing ababengaphambi zabo.

sishaye isibhamu

kudivayisi Miracle kulabo uthanda umlilo asaba imijovo. Ibizwa nangokuthi isipetu Kalashnikov, kodwa hhayi ngenxa yokufana ne kakhulu, wathatha isibhamu, kodwa ngenxa igama umuntu ayisungula. Lonke indlela yasungulwa ekuphathweni okusheshayo nengebuhlungu zomuthi kanye yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ezizimele. It silula: ukufaka 5 ml isipetu isakhiwo (imithi prefilled) ubambe ngokumelene isikhumba bese ucindezela inhlamvu.

Kubalulekile ukuthi isipetu esetshenziswa kwakuyikho impela 5 ml, kuyobe uvalwe sibambelele hhayi baphume phakathi kwenqubo.

Umsunguli uveza ukuthi indlela yayo kwenza inqubo kobuhlungu futhi ngokuphelele ephephile, okungukuthi, inaliti uthola ilungelo on target, futhi lutho ubuhlungu.

isipetu DART

Izinhlobo imijovo, okuyinto zivame kakhulu asetshenziswa wezilwane. Ngosizo lwabo izilwane ezigulayo injected imithi yokubulala izinzwa noma yimuphi izidakamizwa.

Futhi, lolu hlobo imijovo isetshenziswa ngesikhathi ukuzingela izilwane zasendle, big umdlalo noma uma udinga ukubeka nokulala isikhashana.

Kukhona izibhamu ekhethekile wezilwane, izinhlamvu kunalokho ukudubula le micibisholo nge amaphilisi elele.

Imijovo: izinhlobo, ubude izinaliti ngoba imijovo

Njengoba wazi, kulesi sihloko akuwona kuphela mayelana imijovo. Izinhlobo imijovo kanye izinaliti kuhlobene. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-izinaliti zokwelapha - imijovo kanye nokuhlinzwa. Sinesithakazelo kuphela eyokuqala, senzelwe ethula noma kususwa uketshezi kuya / kusuka emzimbeni (a). Ziyakwazi ngaphakathi emgodini, isici esibaluleke kakhulu - the inzalo ngokuphelele.

Elingenalutho inaliti ithiphu ihlukaniswa by uhlobo osezingeni. Kukhona 5 izinhlobo ezinkulu Iqhinga NJENGOBA, 2, 3, 4, 5. Ngeke cabanga ngalunye ngokuhlukile, ecacisa kuphela ukuthi imithi ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa uhlobo inaliti 4, nge onqenqemeni beveled 10-12 degrees. Calibre ukuhlukanisa 23 izinhlobo izinaliti, kusukela ngo-33-isilinganiso kuya ku-10-th. Umuthi ingasetshenziswa yibo bonke.

Ngezansi ithebula encane kwedivayisi. Imijovo (zinhlobo by volume) kuboniswe lakwesobunxele, futhi elihambisana izinaliti ngabo - ngakwesokudla.

Inqubo esetshenziswa isipetu	Ifanele kuye inaliti
Insulin, 1 ml	10 x 0.45 noma 0.40 mm
2 ml	30 x 0.6 mm
3 ml	30 x 06 mm
5 ml	40 x 0.7 mm
10 ml	40 x 0.8 mm
20 ml	40 x 0.8 mm
50 ml	40 x 1.2 mm
UJanet emjovweni 150 ml	400 x 1.2 mm

Sibukeze le imijovo nemithi nangezindlela zokuhlinza izinaliti, ezisetshenziswa nabo. Akungabazeki ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo amathuluzi singanikelwa nayo yonke sihloko, kodwa kule ngeke ihabhu kubo.