Vlad III uMjoji: Biography, amaqiniso athakazelisayo legends

Isibalo se-vampire edume kakhulu emhlabeni ukuthi emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka usezuze ungqimba izinganekwane ahlukahlukene, uneqiniso futhi kahle, futhi umsebenzi wethu namuhla - ukuqonda ukubukeka okuyimfihlakalo Prince eliyingozi. Yena lihlotshaniswa wayelwela ubulungisa iqhawe lesizwe, ongasazanga sa umbusi onesihluku futhi wegazi, umfanekiso owaziwa kusukela izincwadi namafilimu udonsa umcabango wasibekela izinkanuko bloodsucker edume. Abaningi ababelalele ezincwadini ethandwa, igazi wagijima abandayo usizi aba nalo lapho emkhathini, kanti vampire indaba ephathwayo, zimbozwe iveli imfihlakalo futhi romance, isibe ngenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ifilimu nezincwadi.

Ukuzalwa zikamashiqela futsi ungumbulali

Ngakho indaba Vlada Drakuly waqala ngasekupheleni kuka-1431 eTransylvania, lapho nobuqhawe Voivod Basarab Elikhulu adumileyo walwa abaseTurkey, wazala indodana. Mangisho ukuthi ingane enhle kakhulu ukuthi bengingekho, futhi wabalwa kanye ukubukeka kwakhe nenyanyekayo, ezinye izazi-mlando ukuhlobanisa unya sokugembula. Sine kwanginika amandla amakhulu obungokomzimba ngenxa yokuhlushwa njalo umfana nge lip ophumile aphansi namehlo abandayo bulging wathola izakhiwo esiyingqayizivele: kwakucatshangwa ukuthi wayengase abone ngokusebenzisa abantu.

Young Dracula, ogama biography wayegcwele ezifana horror izindaba, okwathi ngemva kwalokho ngisho isizathu empunga elalibhekwa njengelinye umuntu ongenakulinganisela nge eningi imibono eziyinqaba. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, ubaba wafundisa uVlad abasha ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali, udumo lwakhe njengoba trooper ngokoqobo waduma ezweni lonke. Wabhukuda waphumela kahle, ngoba kulezo zinsuku kwakungekho ibhuloho, ngakho kwadingeka njalo izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo Ukubhukuda emanzini.

Order of the Dragon

Vlad II Dracul ababengabendlu i elite oda Chivalry of the Dragon ne esiqinile oda samasosha lezindela, egqoka esifubeni sakhe medallion, njengalo lonke amalungu aso, njengophawu okuqondene nomphakathi. Kodwa wanquma ukuba ayeke. Nge kuhanjiswa yayo ezindongeni onke amabandla futhi zemali ukuthi lalikhona ezweni, kukhona izithombe wasenganekwaneni isilo nomlilo-ukuphefumula. Isidlaliso Dracul infidels oblivious kuze ubuKristu Prince wathola oda. Ihunyushwe isuselwa izindlela Romanian "udrako".

ukuxegisa

Umbusi Wallachia - izwe elincane kahle phakathi koMbuso WaseTurkey futhi eTransylvania - wayeselulungele ukuhlasela abaseTurkey njalo, kodwa ngazama nokubonelela nge kombusi. Ngakho, ukuze ulondoloze isimo isimo emaphandleni, uyise ka-Vlad ikhokhwe intela enkulu ukuba ukhuni esiliva. Kwakukhona zonke imisebenzi wezikhulu - amadodana abathunjwa ithunyelwa abaseTurkey, lapho kuba nokuvukela ngokumelene kwekubuswa banqobi izingane elinde ngoba wayebona ukuthi usezokufa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uVlad II Dracul wathumela amadodana amabili Sultan, lapho iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-4, baye bethunjelwe ngokuzikhethela, okusho isimo encane ibheyili ukuthula ethambile, adingeka kakhulu ezaziwayo.

Bathi Iqiniso lokuthi eside uhlale kude nomndeni ukukhishwa esabekayo, okufakazelwa ngumlayo engumashiqela esizayo ngubani ayokubeka phezu kwayo kunobufakazi ekhethekile ngokomzwelo, wazindla psyche kakade oziphihlizile. Ukuhlala eNkantolo mbusi, umfana wabona unya ngokumelene bonke ababemelene stroptiv namandla.

Kwakungenxa ekuthunjweni, noPrince Vlad III uMjoji uthola mayelana nokubulala kayise nomfowabo omdala, ke uthola inkululeko esihlalweni sobukhosi, kodwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo eMoldova, ngenxa yokwesabela impilo yawo.

Unya, uya kusuka ebuntwaneni

zemihla zomlando eyaziwa isigameko lapho ukuvukela ezikhuliswa ubukhulu, futhi beziphindiselela salokhu inzalo umbusi, obani ababephathwa ethunjiwe, waphuphuthekisa. Ukuze imikhiqizo ukuthumba-Turks wagwazwa, futhi iphutha kancane abethelwe. Young uVlad, ngokuphindaphindiwe baphoqeleka ukuba ngaphansi usongo lobudlova ukuphika ubuKristu, iminyaka 4 ukubukela Wawethusa ezinjalo. Kungenzeka ukuthi umfula nsuku zonke kwegazi futhi abathintekayo psyche ethambile insizwa. Kukholakala ukuthi ukuphila endaweni ezazivalelwe kuyo baba ngaleyo ndlela umfutho, lula ukuvela lokuba nesihluku ezilwaneni zonke naughty.

isidlaliso Vlad

Njengoba ayezalelwe lwamakhosi, igama kamuva waziwa ngokuthi eBessarabia (Romania ubudala), noPrince Vlad Tepes kuyakhulunywa amapheji Basarab.

Futhi lokho lapho efika isidlaliso Dracula - kunemibono ehlukene. 2 izinguqulo zaziwa, echaza indlela indodana kombusi ithole igama. Esokuqala sithi indlalifa abasha abizwe ngendlela efanayo njengoba uyise, kodwa wadla ifa isidlaliso waqala engeza incwadi "a" ekupheleni.

Le nguqulo yesibili kuthi igama elithi "Dracula" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "udrako", kodwa ngokuthi "udeveli." Kwasekubikwa ngakho owaziwa ngokuba nesihluku yayo Amazing uVlad wabizwa ngokuthi izitha zakhe futhi kusabise izakhamuzi zendawo ezinazo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Dracul ngelika ukuze bakhululeke pronunciation ekupheleni izwi ingezwe uhlamvu u- "a". A ngemva kokufa emashumini eminyaka ambalwa uthola omunye killer nabangenasihawu ngelika uVlad III - Tepes, okuyinto uhumusha kusuka Romanian ngokuthi "uMjoji» (uVlad Tepes).

IBhodi nabangenasihawu Tepes

1456 kungukuqala hhayi kuphela wokubusa esifushane Dracula e Wallachia, kodwa futhi izikhathi ezinzima kakhulu ezweni lonke. Vlad, zihlukaniswa unya ekhethekile, waba nonya ezitheni futhi bajeziswa ngenxa yanoma yisiphi yokungalaleli kwezikhonzi zakhe. Zonke ihlongandlebe wafa ukufa enyantisayo - basuke owabethelwa, okuyinto engafani obuphelele nosayizi: I-abavamile abakhethiwe eliphansi lokubulawa isikhali, futhi boyars ababulawa babe ubonakale kude.

Njengoba le nganekwane wasendulo, isikhulu Wallachia wayelithanda okukhethekile nokuquma kamunyu saze sahlela reception ezindaweni lapho izingozi wahlupheka sokuhlushwa Amazing. Futhi umbusi ukudla kuphela kwaqina iphunga ukubola imitimba ukukhala ukufa.

Yena ayikaze vampire futhi akazange ngiphuze igazi izisulu zabo, kodwa ukuthi kwaba sadist ecacile wayekujabulela ukubuka nokuhlupheka kwalabo abangazange bathobele imithetho yakhe, eyaziwa enokwethenjelwa. Ngokuvamile nokubulawa abangu eyashukumisela kwezombusazwe, kanye indelelo kancane ukulandela izimpendulo esokufa. Isibonelo, wamonyuka nemishuqulo infidels, efika esigodlweni isikhulu, wabulala ngendlela engavamile neze - ngokuxosha izinzipho ekhanda lakhe.

UMbusi owenza lukhulu ezweni yokuhlanganisa

Nakuba, njengoba besho izazi-mlando, bodokotela ukushonelwa boyars 10, ngenxa Uzungu ukuthi wabulawa Dracula uyise nomfowabo omdala. Kodwa isiko libizwa nesibalo esikhulu izisulu - ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 100.

Uma umbusi edume ulibuka ngombono isikhulu sikahulumeni, izinhloso zabo ezinhle khulula izwe lokuzalwa kwakhe kubahlaseli Turkish isekela ngokuzeleko, singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi ngenza izimiso udumo isikweletu sezwe. Ukwenqaba ukukhokha bazohlonipha bendabuko, noPrince Vlad III Basarab kudala phakathi abalimi izidlamlilo, elibangela ukubaleka lamasosha Turkish ababeze ukubhekana umbusi abavukelayo ezweni lakhe. Futhi zonke lezi ziboshwa ababulawa ngesikhathi iholide edolobheni.

othile oshisekela inkolo ngokweqile Furious

Kuyinto umuntu ogcwele kakhulu inkolo, Tepes fanatically wasiza zezindela, ebanikeza isipho umhlaba. Ukuba bathola ukusekela oqinile ebusweni abefundisi, umbusi olunegazi isinyathelo ngokuhlakanipha kakhulu: abantu bethule futhi walalela, ngoba cishe zonke izenzo zakhe seniye nangcweliswa yisonto. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi imithandazo eminingi wemiphefumulo zonakale khulisa uJehova nsuku zonke, kodwa usizi akusilo batheleka umzabalazo olushisayo phezu zikamashiqela wezimpi ezalandela.

Futhi akumangalisi ukuthi - omkhulu kangaka ukuzishaya lakhe lahlanganisa ngesihluku esimangalisayo. Efuna kabusha inqaba ngokwayo, wesahlulelo nesihluku wabutha wonke ama-pilgrim abaye beza umkhosi omkhulu Easter, baphoqa ukuba asebenze iminyaka embalwa kuze izingubo zabo kungukuthi sesibolile.

Inqubomgomo ngokuhlanza izwe kusukela izakhi engamukelekile

Ngesikhashana nje yena eradicates ubugebengu, kanye zemihla zomlando ukuthi igolide kwesokunxele emgwaqeni, wahlala endaweni efanayo lapho zashiywa. Akekho isinxibi noma umalalepayipini, ubani ngalezo zikhathi ezinzima, kwaba eningi, akazange alinge ngisho uthinte ngomnotho.

Akashintshashintshi zonke zomsebenzi wayo, umbusi Wallachia ingenela uhlelo sakhe sokususa ezweni lonke amasela. Le nqubomgomo, okwaphumela wonke umuntu owayengase alokothe ukweba, elinde isivivinyo okusheshayo futhi wafa kabuhlungu, wafika ophawulekayo. Ngemva okubangela ukufa kwezinkulungwane zabantu esigxotsheni noma izikafula akathandanga ukuthatha yomunye, futhi engakaze ibonwe ukwethembeka labantu phakathi nekhulu xv, sekuwumkhuba lomkhuba wokuthi uyazi akukho analogue lonke emlandweni wezwe.

I-oda ezweni ngokusebenzisa izindlela ngesihluku

ekubulaweni kwenqwaba yabantu, okuye sekuyinsakavukela - indlela engcono ukuzitholela udumo nokuhlala inkumbulo kuzuze izizukulwane ezaziyolandela. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uVlad III uMjoji akakuthandanga amaGypsy, ihhashi amasela eyaziwa futhi bengavilaphi, futhi kusenjalo namanje emakamu ubizwa ngokuthi nombulali mass, kwababhubhisa isibalo esikhulu sabantu abayimizulane.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi wafa ukufa enyantisayo zonke labo phezu ulaka umbusi, kungakhathaliseki isimo sabo emphakathini noma ubuzwe. Lapho uMjoji yathola ukuthi abanye abathengisi, naphezu kokuvinjelwa esiqinile, sezisungule ubudlelwane ukuhweba nge Turkey, kuyisixwayiso abanye ukubeka esigxotsheni enkulukazi emakethe sikwele. Ngemva kwalokho, abafuna ukuthuthukisa isimo sezimali ngenxa yezitha ukholo lobuKristu wayengekho.

Impi nge eTransylvania

Kodwa hhayi kuphela sultan Turkish bekagula umbusi afune isikhundla esithile, amandla Dracula, hhayi ukulahlekelwa, ezisengozini eTransylvania bathengisi. Abacebile ungafuni ukubona sobukhosi kuyinsakavukela ngakho nesikhulu ezingalindelekile. Babefuna ukuba ahlale esihlalweni sobukhosi sika-intandokazi yakhe - yinkosi Hungarian, ababengeke avuse abaseTurkey, ngokubeka lonke izwe elingumakhelwane ingozi. ekuhlatshweni engapheli eyayiqhutshwa ka Wallachia ne amaviyo Sultan kwakungadingeki noma ubani, futhi eTransylvania akafunanga angena empini ezingadingekile, okuyinto esimweni impi kwakuyoba ngenakugwemeka.

Vlad Dracula, ngemuva kokufunda mayelana amacebo ezweni elingumakhelwane, futhi ngisho ukudayisa abaseTurkey, ukuvinjelwa insimu yalo, uthukuthele kakhulu washaya okubuhlungu ezingalindelekile. Army olunegazi umbusi Transylvanian wokushiswa umhlaba, futhi isisindo omphakathi, izakhamuzi zendawo ziye abethelwe.

eneminyaka engu-12 isigwebo Tepes

Le indaba yaphela ngo izinyembezi ngoba iningi zikamashiqela. Abathukuthele unya abasindile abahwebi waphenduka sokugcina - isikhalazo ukugumbuqela uMjoji esebenzisa izwi ezinyathelisiwe. Umbhali engaziwa wabhala ipheshana echaza nasihe umbusi, futhi abanye babethi engeza mayelana izinhlelo umnqobi wezimpi ezalandela.

Ungalindeli yokuhlasela okusha Graf uVlad Dracula is sekwephuzile amabutho Turkish enqabeni, okuyinto wakha ama-pilgrim abampofu. Nga gozi, he obalekela inqaba, ushiya kuya ekufeni kwakhe umkakhe osemusha futhi zonke izikhonzi zakhe. Bethukutheliswe ezinyantisayo koMbusi elite aseYurophu, futhi kuphela elinde okwamanje, futhi lo mbaleki nimuke yinkosi Hungarian, abathi sakhe sobukhosi.

Ukufa isikhulu olunegazi

Tepes uchitha engu-12 isikhathi eside ejele, futhi ngisho abe Catholic of yezakhi yakhe yezombusazwe. Ukuthatha ukulalela baphoqeleka ukuba engumashiqela ukuhanjiswa enkosini ukhulula kuye ngisho ozama ukusiza ukukhuphuka sobukhosi ubudala. ngemva kokuba luqalile wokubusa uVlad iminyaka engu-20 wabuya Wallachia, nalapho efike waphelela khona elinde izakhamuzi uthukuthele. lwaphuka ibutho Hungarian, ohambisana Prince, futhi singayi empini nomakhelwane yinkosi enquma ukukhipha State umashiqela, isisulu nesihluku yakhe. Ezwa ngesinqumo, Dracula siphela futhi nginethemba lucky ikhefu.

Kodwa inhlanhla bemfulathela ngokuphelele futhi ukwamukela ukufa engumashiqela empini, kuphela ngokufa kwakhe zazingaziwa. Boyars e uthukuthele oqoshiwe umzimba zibe yizicucu umbusi ezondwa, futhi ikhanda lakhe ethunyelwe Sultan of Turkey. Ukukhumbula izindela ezinhle ezasekela emhlabeni engumashiqela olunegazi, buthule yokungcwaba isidumbu sakhe.

Lapho, ngemva kwamakhulu eminyaka amaningana Dracula ukuthola abavubukuli nesithakazelo, banquma ukuvula ithuna lakhe. Saqina wonke umuntu, lalingenalutho, enokulandelela zezinsimbi. Kodwa eseduze kukhona yokungcwaba ongavamile amathambo angekho ugebhezi, okuyinto ubhekwa wokugcina isiphephelo Tepes. Abavikelwe izindela ukuvimbela pilgrimage zezivakashi yesimanje, iziphathimandla wathutha amathambo kwenye iziqhingi.

Ukuzalwa kuka-legend we vampire efuna isisulu entsha

Ngemva kokufa inkosi Wallachia wazalwa legend of the vampire, owathola asikho isikhoselo ezulwini noma esihogweni. Abantu bendawo sokukholwa ukuthi umoya kwesikhulu wathatha entsha, ezishaya unkulunkulukazi u engengaphansi sethusa futhi manje roams kusesho igazi labantu ebusuku.

Ngo-1897 wabona ukukhanya inoveli ezingaqondakali ngu Bram Stoker, echaza Dracula uvukile kwabafileyo, ngemva kwalokho umbusi begazi laba bafikile ukubashaya iyihlanganise ne vampire. Umlobi wasebenzisa yangempela uVlad incwadi walondoloza encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla, kodwa semali okokusetshenziswa namanje yasungulwa. Dracula Bram Stoker ibonakala engengaphansi ozoba nesihluku ukudlula ephambene yayo, kodwa uhlobo ukuziphatha ahlukile futhi izikhulu ukwenza yohlamvu elisohlangothini iqhawe, ogama udumo ikhula kuphela.

Incwadi ibhekwa njengomuntu Symbiosis ezesayensi kanye horror indaba, lapho okwakuthandelene amandla emimoya lasendulo kanye namaqiniso okuphila kwanamuhla. Njengoba abacwaningi bathi, sikhumbuleke ukubukeka umqhubi Franz Liszt wakhonza njengephayona ugqozi ukuze kwakhiwe isithombe protagonist, nemininingwane abaningi baye lathathwa "Mephistopheles". Stoker libonisa ngokucacile ukuthi amandla akhe magic uthola kusukela devil yena Bala Dracula. Vlad Tsepesh, selande laze laba isilo, ingafi, futhi engeke avuke emathuneni, njengoba kuchazwe kule amanoveli ngaphambili mayelana eyayisekhanda lami. Umbhali wenza umlingiswa wakhe uhlamvu esiyingqayizivele, kukhasa ezindongeni mpo jikisa ilulwane, elifanekisela okubi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kamuva lesi silwanyana ngokuthi vampire, nakuba kungekho igazi, lokhu akusho ukuthi baphuze.

umphumela nokwethenjelwa

Umlobi, ukutadisha temdzabu Romanian futhi bomlando, kudala impahla eyingqayizivele lapho kungekho indaba copyright. Le ncwadi indaba ye-documentary ehlanganisa Diaries, imibhalo nabalingiswa abasemqoka, okuyinto kuphela kunezela ukujula lelandzisako. Idala umphumela wokubuka ngokoqobo eyiqiniso, "Dracula" by Bram Stoker ngokushesha baba ibhayibheli olungekho emthethweni we eyayisekhanda lami, lapho ezinemininingwane imithetho alien kithi emhlabeni. A kahle ungenisa izinhlamvu izithombe avele acacile futhi ngokomzwelo. Kukholakala ukuthi incwadi kuyikhono ezintsha, wenziwa ngefomethi yawo yangempela.

okufushane isikrini

Ngokushesha, incwadi ezincwadini, kanye umlingisi wokuqala ababedlala Dracula, buya omunye umbhali. Vlad yakhe Tsepesh - vampire ne imikhuba emihle kakhulu futhi ukubukeka ekhangayo, nakuba Stoker Wachaza indoda ezingemnandi ubudala. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi bexhashazwa isithombe Izikhathi zokubonisana uthando njengendoda emuhle abasha, ngokumelene lapho abalingiswa nibuthana kanyekanye ukuba ngisindise izwe kusukela okubi jikelele.

Ngo-1992, umqondisi Coppola wathwebula ncwadi, simema indima eyinhloko umlingisi odumile, futhi zinhle kakhulu kudlalwa Dracula G. Oldman. Ngaphambi ukuqopha umqondisi wenza izinsuku 2 wonke umuntu ukufunda incwadi Stoker sika zokucwiliswa esiphezulu kule izithombe. Coppola kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukene ifilimu, efana incwadi, sesiye enengqondo kunazo. Waze esingu kokum nomhlophe ikhamera ozimele ukubukeka Dracula, okuyinto wabheka eyiqiniso kakhulu futhi scary. Bagxeki babenombono wokuthi lawo vampire, eyadlalwa Oldman, kwaba eduze uVlad Tepes, ngisho uyinyama olufana prototype yangempela.

castle Dracula sika ukudayiswa

Ngonyaka odlule, umphakathi ingivusele izindaba eRomania ukudayiswa izivakashi ethandwa ezikhangayo. inqaba iyinkathazo Bran, okuyinto okuthiwa walala phakathi yemikhankaso yezempi Tepes, ithengiswe umnikazi walo omusha ngentengo fabulous. Castle Dracula kanye wayefuna ukuthenga emuva uhulumeni wasekhaya, futhi manje endaweni edume umhlaba, ngokuletha inzuzo omkhulu, zilindele umnikazi omusha.

Ngokwabacwaningi, indaba cult ukubeka zonke abalandeli vampire Dracula isebenza akakaze wama, nakuba abendawo Kuyoba elwela nomunye ukutshela izindaba amakhaza ngokuphila umbusi edume lokhu inqaba.

Kuchazwe kakhulu ngomzuzu imininingwane Stoker Castle baba scene eshaqisayo indaba akuhlangene ne umlando Romanian lasendulo. Umnikazi wamanje enqabeni libhekisela ukuguga, okuyinto ayikuvumeli kuye ukwenza ibhizinisi. Yena okholwa ukuthi zonke izindleko uyonikwa imbuyiselo egcwele, ngoba le nqaba evakashela izivakashi ezingaba inkulungwane 500.

I samanje Bonanza

Romania Modern isebenzisa ngokugcwele umfanekiso Dracula, edonsa eziningi izivakashi notshwala. Lapha, bekhuluma izinqaba ubudala, okuyinto wasebenza zonya uVlad III uMjoji, ngisho naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi zazakhiwe kamuva kakhulu ngokufa kwakhe. ibhizinisi kakhulu inzuzo esekelwe isithakazelo ngokuqhubeka sibalo okuyimfihlakalo umbusi Wallachia, lo inflow of amalungu ehlelo, okuyinto Dracula Umholi kwezikamoya. Izinkulungwane zabalandeli bakhe wenze waya endaweni lapho ezalelwa ngiphefumula umoya munye.

Bambalwa abantu bazi indaba Tepes kweqiniso, ukuthatha okholweni adalwe Stoker futhi abaqondisi eziningi isithombe vampire. Kodwa indaba umbusi olunegazi, azigweme yini ukuba afinyelele imigomo yazo, uqale ngezokugcina zilibaleke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Futhi igama Dracula efika engqondweni yakho kuphela womile vampire igazi, okuyinto, wadabuka impela, ngokuba umfanekiso kumnandi akuhlangene ne yangempela ubuntu nezikulu labo ubugebengu esesabekayo owenza uMjoji.