Isisindo nokuphakama kwezingane: imingcele evamile

Isisindo nokuphakama kwezingane yizinkomba eziyisisekelo ze-anthropometric, ezifakazela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinsana. Kakade emaminithi wokuqala okuphila kwengane, odokotela bayamhlola, bahlole isimo se- Apgar Scale, besilinganise futhi bahlole ubude (ubude).

Yini ethinta ukukhula nesisindo sezingane?

Kule datha eyisisekelo ye-anthropometric ekuzalweni, lezi zici ezilandelayo zibaluleke kakhulu:

• Heredity.
• Ubulili bomntwana.
• Indlela yokuphila nokudla komama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njll.

Ukukhula kwengane emva kokubonakala kwayo akukwenzeki ngokulingana okulinganayo. Ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokuphila kwakhe umntwana ukhula ngokushesha. Khona-ke ukwanda kokukhula kunciphile kancane.

Ngesisindo, akuzona zonke izinto eziqondile. Le parameter inamandla kakhulu futhi ixhunyaniswe nokukhula. Njengomthetho, ezinganeni ezinempilo ukuzuza okukhulu kunesisindo kubonakala ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila. Kwezinye izingane, kungenzeka ukuthi zikhulu kakhulu, ezinye ezincane, kodwa ngokwesilinganiso cishe ngo-800 g ngenyanga. Kuxhomeke ukuthi hlobo luni lokudla ingane. Ezinganeni ezisendlini yokudla, lokhu kwanda kungase kukhule kancane.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma ukukhula nesisindo sehlela ngemuva?

Uma ingane ngemuva kokubeletha ihamba ngemuva kwamazinga asezingeni lokukhula nesisindo, kubalulekile ukuthola isizathu. Omunye wabo angase abe ukungabi nobisi oluvela kumama, uma umntwana ebelethwe ngamabele.

Kulesi simo, kunezindlela eziningi zokugqugquzela ukukhwabanisa. Ama-pharmacy athengisa ama-teas akhethekile nemithi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukhiqizwa ubisi lwebele. Imithi enjenge-"Apilac" ne "Lactogon", ingaqinisa ukwakhiwa kwe-lactation. Kusukela ezindleleni ezithandwayo kusiza ukuvuselela i-lactation yokuphuza itiye nobisi. Kunconywa ukuthi omama abancancisayo baphuze amanzi amaningi.

Uma lezi zindlela ziqinisa ukukhiqizwa ubisi lwebele azizange zisize, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukucabanga ngokuncelisa ingane ngezingxube ezinomsoco. Udokotela wezingane uzokusiza uthathe isinqumo ngokukhetha.

Ubani obeka isimiso se- data ye-anthropometric yezingane?

I-WHO (World Health Organization) ngo-2006 yakha futhi yakhipha izindinganiso ezintsha ezithinta ukulinganisa isisindo nokuphakama kwengane.

Izindinganiso ezikhona azikashintshi iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 futhi zibalwe izingane ezikudla okufakelwayo. Izindinganiso ezedlule zazingcatshangelwa ngu-10-15% wamazinga akhona. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi izingane ezikudla okufakelwayo zithole isisindo ngokushesha kunontanga yabo ekunceliseni ibele.

Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kochwepheshe be-WHO, iziqondiso ezindala zingabangela izincomo ezingalungile ekusungulweni kokudla okungeziwe kubantwana, okwandisa amathuba okukhuluphala.

Isisindo esivamile nokuphakama kwengane. Ungalinganisa kanjani?

Umzali ngamunye ukhathazekile ngombuzo wokuthi ingane yakhe ikhula ngendlela evamile. Ukwenza lokhu, udinga ukulinganisa imingcele ethile: isisindo nokuphakama kwezingane, kanye nesimo sekhanda. Ngokulinganisa isisindo, ngokuvamile akusikho ubunzima, vele ubeke ingane ngokulingana okunembile. I-polyclinics yezingane kunezimo ezikhethekile eziphathelene nezingane. Isisindo salezi zingane sibalwa ngokubeka noma ukubeka esikalini esikhwameni esihlanzekile.

Ukukala ukukhula kwezingane ezinganeni ze-polyclinics, kukhona i-rostomer. Ukulinganisa ukukhula kwengane kungenziwa ekhaya. Ukwenza lokhu, kufanele ubeke phansi (ngaphandle kwezicathulo) emuva kokuya phezulu. Kungaba udonga. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ekamelweni labantwana ukulungisa i-rostomer (ithengiswa emabhaleni noma ezincwadini ezitolo) kwenye yezindonga. Ingemuva kwengane kufanele iqondiswe, izingalo kufanele zibe eceleni kwesiqu, imilenze ndawonye, amadolo angapheli. Kulokhu, amaphuzu amathathu kufanele athinte ubuso obuqondile: i-scapula, izintambo nezithende. Ukulinganisa ngalokhu okusobala (ngaphakathi kwindonga yethu) sisebenzisa unxantathu noma enye into ene-angle ye-90 degrees phezulu kwengane, phawula uphawu. Isisindo nokuphakama kwezingane kulinganiswa, bese uhlola imingcele ngetafula.

Ukuxhumana kwesisindo nokuphakama kwengane ekuzalweni

Ngokwezibalo, ngesikhathi sokubeletha, izinsana zisinda kusuka ku-2600 kuya ku-4500 g. Ukuphakama kwabo kuyahluka kusuka ku-45 kuya ku-55 cm. Lokhu kuthathwa njengokujwayelekile. Uma ingane izalwa nge-anthropometric yedatha kancane noma ephakeme kunalezi zikhombisi, ungesabi. Mhlawumbe ngenyanga ezayo noma amabili, uzohlangana nabangane bakhe.

Ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile kwengane kuze kube yonyaka owodwa kumele kudlule isisindo ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.

Imingcele yokukhula nesisindo sezingane - lo mqondo ngamunye. Ngezinye izikhathi ingane encane, ezalwe ngesisindo esincane nokuphakama, kakade unyaka wendlela yokuphila ibanga labangane bakhe, isisindo sakhe sokubeletha sasivamile.

Uma isisindo nokuphakama kwezingane ngemuva kokuzalwa kufakwa ngokushesha kakhulu - akuyona into enhle kakhulu empilweni yabo. Lokhu, njengombuso, kungabonwa ngokudla okufakelwayo. Ukunyuka okunamandla kwala mingcele kungabangela ukusabela okweqile, ukuzivikela okuncane kwengane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane ezinesisindo esiphakeme azikho ngaphansi kokusebenza futhi kamuva ziqala ukukhasa nokuhamba.

Encwadini ye-polyclinic yezingane, ingane isilinganiselwa futhi ilinganiswa ngokuthola ukuphakama kwayo. Ukuqaphela le mingcele futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukulungisa umsoco wezingane, abazali bangamvikela ezinkingeni zempilo.