I-World Health Organization (WHO): iziqondiso, izinjongo, imithetho, izincomo

Emphakathini wanamuhla, elilodwa lamanani main kuyinto ukuphila komuntu. Ukuze uthuthukise izinga kanye nesikhathi okuhloswe inani elikhulu imisebenzi ukuthi ukusekela ababusi cishe kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni. Ukudidiyela izenzo zabo futhi yenza nemisebenzi eminingi emkhakheni ukulondolozwa kanye ngcono impilo, i-World Health Organization yasungulwa (WHO), okuyinto okwamanje omunye izinhlangano abahlonishwa kakhulu futhi onethonya kakhulu emhlabeni.

Qala imisebenzi kanye nenhloso UBANI

umsebenzi wakhe waqala ngo-1948. Yingaleso sikhathi, ngo-April 7 iye samukelwa ngokomthetho isimiso bese uthatha isibopho sokuqala, ngokukhethekile, isibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ngezigaba international izifo. Esikhathini esizayo, i-WHO amaningi aqala ukuba baqikelele ekuqalisweni kwezinhlelo ezinkulu emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba omunye impumelelo ezibaluleke kakhulu kungenziwa kuphawulwe ku umkhankaso ingxibongo wokuqeda, eyaqedwa ngempumelelo ngo-1981. Sphere ithonya, imisebenzi kanye nemisebenzi yenhlangano ichazwe ngu Charter futhi kuholele umgomo ofanayo - ukufeza eliphakeme impilo ukuthi kungenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo enikeziwe, zonke izizwe zomhlaba.

iziqondiso ze-WHO

Umthethosisekelo we-World Health Organization ichaza impilo njengoba isimo nenhlalakahle kuzinga ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo nangokwenhlalo. Futhi ngokwehlukana uchaza ukuthi uma umuntu akanayo yesifo nobuthakathaka noma, wukuthi nguye enempilo, kusasekuseni ukuqagula ukuthi lokhu, ngoba engenzi acabangele isimo yakhoibrium engqondo futhi izici zezenhlalo. UBANI amazwe Ilungu, ngokungena ngemvume usomqulu, bavumelana yokuthi wonke umuntu unelungelo ukujabulela indinganiso ephakeme ofinyelelekayo zempilo, futhi noma yiziphi izimpumelelo uhulumeni emkhakheni wezempilo kuyazisiza zonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ezinye izimiso, okuyizinto futhi ayisisekelo, nokubambelela zonke asebethathe maphepha. Nazi ezinye zazo.

• impilo Jikelele - luyisici esiyinhloko okudala ukuthula nokulondeka, futhi kuncike degree of ukubambisana kwabantu States.
• Bokungafani ukuthuthukiswa izindaba eziphathelene nempilo yomphakathi nokulawula isifo Kunengozi ezivamile ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba.
• Ingane Health - factor kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Nikeza ithuba lokujabulela zonke izimpumelelo wokuphila emkhakheni wamuva wezokwelapha - imfuneko izinga eliphakeme impilo.

UBANI imisebenzi

Ukuze sifinyelele umgomo, isimiso ezibekwe imisebenzi yenhlangano, okuyinto sihlanganise indawo ebanzi kakhulu futhi ezihlukahlukene. Okuyizona-World Health Organization uye wasebenzisa yonke izinhlamvu zamagama Latin. Njengoba okuningi kubo, sethula ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho, imisebenzi UBANI zihlanganisa:

• ukuba abe yekuchumanisa futhi indikimba ebusayo emsebenzini womhlaba emkhakheni wezempilo;
• ukuhlinzeka ngosizo oludingekayo kanye nosizo lobuchwepheshe emisebenzini ukunakekelwa kwezempilo;
• ashukumise futhi umsebenzi kusengaphambili ukuze silwe izifo ezihlukahlukene, kanye ukusekela yesondlo kungadingeka;
• ukukhuthaza ushintsho ngokuqeqeshwa kangcono nasemikhakheni zezokwelapha nezempilo;
• usungule futhi ukukhuthaza emazingeni amazwe ukudla, eyenza imithi kanye neminye imikhiqizo;
• ukukhuthaza ukubeletha okunempilo kanye nengane, ukuthatha izinyathelo ukuze ukuvumelana zokuphila.

Umsebenzi we-WHO

umsebenzi wenhlangano wenziwa ngendlela yaminyaka yonke i-World Health Assembly, lapho ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene ukuxoxa izindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezempilo yomphakathi. Eliholwa CEO zabo akhethwe yekomiti labaphathi, okuhlanganisa nabameleli bamazwe angu-30. Imisebenzi ye kuMqondisi-Jikelele kuhlanganisa ukunikezwa isabelo sezimali sonyaka futhi imibiko yezimali kwenhlangano. Unegunya ukuthola ulwazi oludingekayo ezihlobene nezempilo, ngokuqondile izikhungo zikahulumeni kanye nalezo ezizimele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, enesibopho ukugcina amahhovisi ezifunda unolwazi kuzo zonke izindaba zesifunda.

UBANI division

UBANI isakhiwo yakhiwa 6 amaphiko weemfunda: European, American, Mediterranean, South-East Asia, ePacific nase-Afrika. Cishe njalo, izinqumo zenziwa ezingeni lesifunda. Ngo ekwindla, ngesikhathi somhlangano waminyaka yonke, abamele amazwe esifundeni ukuze baxoxe ngezinkinga ngokucindezela nezinselele endaweni yabo, ukuthatha izinqumo ezifanele. Regional Umqondisi, ngubani iqondisa umsebenzi kulelizinga, akhethwe iminyaka 5. Njengoba CEO, unegunya ngqo ukuthola ulwazi lwezempilo kusukela ezihlukahlukene izikhungo lapho ekuleso sifunda.

UBANI impendulo

Kuze kube manje, kukhona eziningana izinkomba ezibalulekile kakhulu umsebenzi wenziwa yi-World Health Organization. I-Millennium Development Goals - ngakho elichaza media ahlukahlukene. Bahlanganisa imisebenzi elandelayo:

• ukusiza ekuqedeni kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ezifana ne-HIV kanye nesifo sofuba;
• usizo emikhankasweni okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza ngcono izimo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane;
• kuveze izici izifo ezingamahlalakhona kanye nokuvimbela yabo nezinga lokukhula kwengane;
• ngokusiza ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo yabo yengqondo;
• nokubambisana emisebenzini okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza ngcono impilo intsha.

umsebenzi ehlelekile neqhubekayo lenhlangano kulezi zindawo sekuqhubeke isikhathi eside, futhi-ke, kukhona impumelelo. Kodwa ukukhuluma mayelana aphelela yimpumelelo kwaze kwaba ngasekuqaleni kuka.

UBANI Izimpumelelo

Phakathi UBANI impumelelo neyaziwayo kungenziwa ezigqanyisiwe:

• wokuqeda ingxibongo emhlabeni;
• ukuncipha eziphawulekayo izigameko zikamalaleveva;
• imikhankaso lokugoma ezifweni eziyisithupha samafayela;
• ukuhlonza HIV bese zisiza ukulwa ekwandeni yayo;
• ukudalwa zezempilo.

ICD

Umsebenti ebalulekile UBANI ukuthuthukiswa nokwenziwa ngcono kwe-International Ukwahlukanisa Diseases (ICD). It okudingekayo ukuze ikwazi ukuqoqa, ukuhlela bese uqhathanisa idatha eqoqwe abavela ezigodini ezihlukahlukene isikhathi eside. Kusukela ngo-1948, i-World Health Organization igcina futhi isekela lo msebenzi. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo 10 wokubuyekeza yesi-ICD. Enye impumelelo esemqoka yalolu wokubuyekeza iwukuba ukuhumusha amagama isifo ngefomu nezinombolo. Manje lesi sifo okubhalwe incwadi izinhlamvu zesiLatini kanye amadijithi amathathu ngemuva kokuthi. Lokhu kwenza ukuba i-anda kakhulu isakhiwo esephepheni ukubekisa yesikhala samahhala yezifo omsakazo engaziwa nemibandela ekhonjwe ucwaningo. Yamanje UBANI ngezigaba isetshenziswa Luhlolo forensic zengqondo, njengoba kubalulekile ukuba WaseRussia.

Izibalo neziqondiso

Ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphikelela inhlangano obusebenzayo a inhlolovo kwezibalo isimo impilo yabantu kanye ekubhaleni ngesisekelo lezi zilinganiso imiphumela anqume imibandela ukuphila abantu emhlabeni wonke. Ukuze comparability futhi lithembekile idatha zihlelwe, isibonelo, ngobudala, ubulili kanye nesifunda ohlala kulo, bese ziphatha indlela ekhethekile akhiwa le-OECD (Inhlangano for Economic Cooperation and Development), Eurostat nezinye izindikimba UN, okuhlanganisa i-WHO. Ukunqunywa kuyinsakavukela ngokususelwa kokuqukethwe kwayo kwezibalo, kukhona ke ibanga elithile amagugu ngaphakathi okuyinto iningi idatha ethile eqenjini elithile labantu. Lokhu kusiza ukuba ngomqondo ovulekile ukuhlola isimo sempilo sabantu futhi senze izinqumo ezifanele.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iziqondiso ze-WHO ingabe njalo sibuyekezwe ekukhanyeni kwezimiso entsha noma amaphutha ngokuziphatha ucwaningo. Ngakho, iminyaka engu-9 edlule elibuyekeziwe ithebula yamazinga isisindo nokukhula kwengane.

Isisindo kanye ukuphakama ingane

Kuze 2006, ukuthuthukiswa idatha zezingane zathathwa ngaphandle ngokuphathelene nohlobo yokudla. Nokho, le ndlela iye waqaphela njengoba yokuphambuka njengoba umsoco yokufakelwa phendulela kakhulu ngemiphumela. Manje, ngokusho entsha UBANI amazinga, ukukhula kanye isisindo ingane uqhathaniswa inkomba kwemigomo yezingane ibele ke, njengoba kulokhu inikeza nqampuna umhlabeleli ukudla. amathebula okubalulekile namashadi ukusiza omama emhlabeni wonke zilandise ukusebenza kwabo Ukucaciswa. I website esemthethweni ye-World Health Organization iphawule ibekwe isofthiwe UBANI Anthro, download ukuthi, ungakwazi ukuhlola isisindo sengane kanye ukuphakama, kanye ukuhlola isimo salo amandla. Ukuphambuka kusuka amagugu ejwayelekile - kuba yithuba bonana nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Inkinga kulondolozwe ibele ikhokhelwa a lot of ukunakwa. UBANI kungcono imisebenzi ukushicilela zihlanganisa ukulungiswa izincwajana, amaphosta kanye nezinye izinto, okuyinto bagqugquzela imithetho yemvelo ingane ukudla. okubhaliwe asetshenziswa izibhedlela ukusiza omama abasebasha ukuba bancelise isikhathi eside, ngaleyo ndlela linikeze ukuthuthukiswa olunembile kakhulu futhi anezakhiwo ingane.

Inhlangano ka ibele

ukudla okunempilo alikwazi ingane ngaphandle ubisi lukamama. Ngakho-ke, omama basize enhlanganweni efanele feed - omunye imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu i-WHO. Izincomo yezinhlangano ibele, kumele enze lokhu:

• okokuqala ukubeka umntwana isifuba kumelwe ibe phakathi kwehora emva kokuzalwa;
• hhayi ukondla ibhodlela osanda kuzalwa;
• esibhedlela kamama nomntwana kudingeka babe ndawonye;
• isetshenziswa isifuba ngokufunwa;
• kungenjengokuhlanjululwa ahlukaniswe ebeleni ngaphambi ingane efuna yena;
• silondoloze ebusuku izifunzo;
• hhayi dopaivat;
• ukunika ithuba ezingenalutho ngokugcwele eyodwa webele ngaphambi kokunikeza esinye;
• abazigezi izingono zakho ngaphambi yokudla;
• ayisisindi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto;
• hhayi ukucwenga;
• hhayi ukwethula ukudla okuqinile ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezingu-6;
• silondoloze ibele kuze kube iminyaka engu-2.

imithetho ngabanye

Uma ngasizathu simbe awukwazi ukusungula ibele, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi izingane isisindo ibhodlela-ukuzuza inkudlwana kuka grudnichki. Ngakho-ke, ngokuqhathanisa amazinga ukusebenza idatha yakho, udinga ukuba acabangele leli ehilelekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ezinye nemingcele eyifa bengakwamukeli isithombe ejwayelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho kuzalwa ukukhula. Cishe, aphansi abazali ingane izalwe nge ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu sokukhula, kuyilapho okusezingeni eliphezulu - okunalokho nge eqolo. A ukuphambuka kancane kusukela kuyinsakavukela akufanele kube isizathu sokukhathazeka, kulesi simo, nje badinga isikhathi esithe xaxa wezingane ukubonisana.

I-World Health Organization ukholelwa ukuthi zofuzo akanayo nomthelela kakhulu emazingeni izingane ezingaphansi konyaka. Isizathu esikhulu isisindo ukuphambuka kuyinto ekudleni.