Endaweni Schengen

Njengamanje, endaweni Schengen yakhiwa 25 amazwe aseYurophu ukuthi baye ivume sivumelwano of the gama elifanayo. Ngesisekelo lesi sivumelwano ikhanseliwe ipasipoti kanye namasiko Izilawuli phakathi bonke abahlanganyeli ezonini, futhi abantu Ungahambisa ngokukhululekile ngokusebenzisa amasimu nomunye. Yayisayinwe e Luxembourg phezu uhambo isikebhe ngasedolobheni Schengen ngo-1985.

Kule minyaka edlule, inani lamazwe lalishintsha njalo, okwandisa unyaka nonyaka. Ekuqaleni, basayine yahanjelwa amazwe 5: eJalimane, eBelgium, eFrance, iLuxembourg, iNetherlands wangena force on 03.26.1995, yena waba nomunye emazweni 2: eSpain nasePortugal. Kamuva, ngo-1997, Schengen zone (amazwe Austria futhi Italy aba ingxenye) lalinabashumayeli ayisishiyagalolunye uthi. ISivumelwano Amsterdam wenza izinguquko ezinkulu izivumelwano EU, wo hlinzeka zomthetho.

Ngo-2000, eqale Greece kwenzeka ngaphandle Mount Athos, futhi ngo-2001, leli gama lihlanganisa isimo: eScandinavia, Sweden kanye Finland futhi okungezona EU amalungu Norway futhi Iceland. Ngo-2006 bamukela Imingcele Ikhodi, okuyinto wenziwa musha ngo-2010 futhi ungeze ithuluzi esibophezelayo njengoba a zokuthutha visa "B" isigaba.

Ukwanda enkulu kunawo wonke yenzeka ngo-2007, lapho isakhiwo kuhlanganisiwe Hungary, eLithuania, eLatvia, Malta, Slovenia, Slovakia, Poland, Czech Republic nase-Estonia. Ngo-2008, endaweni Schengen is agcwaliswa Switzerland, futhi ekupheleni kuka-2011, kwelinye izwe ohlanganyela nayo khulula amasiko endaweni - Liechtenstein. Bangabaholi 3rd futhi 4th-non-oyilungu e-European Union. Ukuze Macedonia, iSerbia neMontenegro isixazululiwe ne 01/01/2010, visa-free ukungena ezweni yesivumelwano.

Ngo amazwe Schengen zone kuhilela umngcele ukulawula olulodwa emngceleni zangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho esebenza khona kakhulu njengoba isimo esisodwa. Phuma entry wenziwa ngaphandle kwemithetho emingceleni nokulandela imicikilisho ehlukahlukene Emingceleni sangaphakathi angamalungu e le izoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kakhulu sithuthukisa Shengena zone komngcele ukulawula wesithathu uthi kokuba ke aqondise umngcele. Bona azibophezele futhi alandele inqubomgomo elawula ezivamile kanye balandise umuntu ngamunye abangeni kuleli zwe okwesikhashana, ukuqhuba ukulawula esifike imingcele yangaphandle nokuthuthukisa cross-border nokubambisana zokwahlulela amaphoyisa.

Emacaleni angakajayeleki lapho usongo kungenzeka ukuthula komphakathi noma abezokuphepha bangaphakathi (phakathi ezihlukahlukene imicimbi yezemidlalo, yesigodi, eneziqongo zezombusazwe ezibalulekile) Izilawuli emngceleni wama imingcele yangaphakathi phakathi kwamanye amazwe esikhaleni zingancishiswa. Leli gama inomkhawulo kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-30.

Endaweni Schengen uletha ndawonye ensimini ka States lapho imithetho isebenza, kodwa ukusakaza ukunyakaza komuntu lwenzeka ngesikhathi operation elula kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kwezithikamezo. Kuhlanganisa okwamanje ngokusemthethweni a de empeleni waba ezintathu micro-uthi eYurophu: Vatican City, San Marino futhi Monaco. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Andorra akukho ukulawula kwangaphakathi Emingceleni neenarha zone. Endaweni Schengen (ezweni Ireland ne-United Kingdom ayikahlanganiswa kufakwe ngezithako zawo) sizonwetshelwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kufakazelwa kokuvuma kwalabo amazwe ukuba yingxenye. Esikhathini esizayo, liphinde ukubusa kungenzeka eBulgaria, iKhupro Romania, njengoba eshubile seluqalile. Kuze kube yimanje, indawo Schengen ihlanganisa engaphansana nje kwengu-4.5 million. Km 2 futhi iyikhaya ezingaphezu kuka-400 million. Man.

Ngaphambi kokujoyina i-, amazwe ngizodabula bese isilinganiso ngomumo ezindaweni ezine: emoyeni imingcele, ama-visa, amaphoyisa ukubambisana kanye nokuvikelwa idatha yomuntu siqu. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe ukuzihlola abamele - ochwepheshe ezikhethekile European.