Endocrine izitho. Indlala yegilo. Izinhlobo pathologies. isifo pancreatic

Ukulawulwa kwendlala yegilo indlala bukhipha ama-hormone ezinomthelela ukukhula, imifanekiso, izicubu kwamangqamuzana, futhi umzimba. Kukhona kuwukuthi ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla, kuhlanganise nabantu.

Ukwahlukanisa izifo zendlala yegilo.

1. anomalies azalwa naso (ectopia, hypoplasia, aplasia).
2. goiter sekuphenduke umkhuba.

Ngu umsebenzi: gipertireodny, euthyroid, hypothyroid.

Ukuma: ehlasela umzimba okuxubile, nodular.

3. goiter okungatheni.

Ngu umsebenzi: gipertireodny, euthyroid, hypothyroid.

Ukuma: ehlasela umzimba okuxubile, nodular.

4. Goiter Amathuna.

Kuye kobukhulu-hyperthyroidism: lula, medium, kanzima.

5. hypothyroidism.

Kuye kobukhulu: ezinzima (myxedema), eliphakathi, ukukhanya.

6. izifo okuvuthayo:

- ezingamahlalakhona lymphomatoid thyroiditis (Hashimoto, Hashimoto);

- subacute thyroiditis;

- thyroiditis acute ;

- thyroiditis fibrous (Riedel);

- pathologies ezingavamile uhlamvu oluthile (ugcunsula, isifo sofuba).

7. Ukulimala:

- ivaliwe;

- evulekile.

8. neoplasm Ebulalayo.

Amanyikwe. Histology.

Lokhu umzimba has a wokugaya ukudla uhlelo endocrine kanye exocrine imisebenzi. Amanyikwe kuyinto histologically eziyinkimbinkimbi alveolar-ijabulise indlala. Kwamangqamuzana nokwakheka kwamanye ingaphazamiseki ijabulise (neziqhingana ka-Langerhans) itholakala phakathi alveoli. Ziyakwazi izinhlaka uketshezi yangaphakathi, ukukhulula insulini hormone.

umsebenzi Secretory e kwamanyikwe ngaphansi kwethonya hormone parathyroid futhi yegilo nezindlala, nezindlala adrenal.

Umzimba abathintekayo emsebenzini wokukhiqiza ezinye hormone polypeptide ukuthi lingene egazini. Le nqubo wenziwa amaseli seziqhingi pancreatic.

Exocrine umsebenzi e kwamanyikwe itholakala uketshezi juice ku duodenum. Uqukethe eziyinkimbinkimbi enzyme abathintekayo kulo hydrolysis main polymers ukudla. Khona-ke abakhululiwe esemqoka imi Amylase, lipase, trypsin futhi chymotrypsin.

iziyaluyalu Functional kwamanyikwe kakhulu eliqhutshwa ithonya isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. etimeni letehlukene ezicindezelayo, ngokukhethekile, njalo esiqhubekayo, ngokuvamile ehambisana nobutha uketshezi lenyuka of juice esiswini, futhi isikhathi eside ehlaselwe ukucindezeleka - ukucindezelwa yayo.

izinqubo dystrophic yabonakala iziyaluyalu umzimba. I ejwayelekile kakhulu ukuhlulwa kwamanyikwe ku isizinda hemochromatosis.

Ukukhubazeka ngokwesimo ezingamahlalakhona kwegazi ihlanganisa izinguquko sokugembula ka lwemithambo futhi emithambo yegazi ukugeleza kwegazi.

Lesi sifo ezivamile we ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe - pancreatitis. Okuvame kakhulu amafomu chronic acute lesi sifo.

Izilonda e kwamanyikwe kungadalwa ngokukhukhumala kwentamo zezinzwa izifo izicubu.

Periarteritis nodosa avuse yokuphazamiseka izitsha umzimba. Isithombe emitholampilo Kuyindaba efanayo kuwukubonakaliswa esingamahlalakhona noma pancreatitis oyingozi.

umzimba TB evamile. Yisifo kwamanyikwe ingaqala ngenxa Ukungena mycobacteria lymphogenous, oxhumana naye (angomakhelwane izitho) noma umzila hematogenous.

ugcunsula lesion kungenziwa kokubili abeyizuzile futhi isegazini. Esimweni sokuqala isifo pancreatic akuvamile futhi kwenzeka ngokuvumelana izici morphological amafomu ezintathu. Lezi zihlanganisa infiltrative edematous (ugcunsula zesibili), Gummy futhi ifomu sclerotic ezithile pancreatitis.

Simila akuvamile itholiwe. Lesi sifo sithinta parenchyma pancreatic of uhlaka noma izicubu kwalo.