Ngo-October wangonyaka revolution

Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution - a eziyinkimbinkimbi, lomkhuba kuyadida emphilweni isimo Russian, okuyinto namanje kubangela impikiswano eshubile. It kwabangelwa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene nekucabangela okuyinto nakanjani uzoholela ekutheni isinqumo esinjalo grand zezinkinga ukuphokophela kuleli zwe.

Kusukela ngo-1914 kuya ku-1918, eRussia lezwakala e kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, imbangela okuyinto kwakuwumqansa ithonya ngenxa yokuntuleka ovamile zomthetho futhi izindlela emakethe e-Europe. Russia uphoqeleka ukuba athathe isikhundla ukuzivikela, ibutho elahlekile amasosha amaningi futhi lahlupheka ukulimala unomphela. Ngenxa yalokhu, abazalwane babeba abaqaphile kodwa yokuthi izwe wasala ngaphandle uhulumeni ogunyaziwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wakhula ezintweni ezingezinhle emnothweni (impahla eluhlaza ukushoda, ezokuthutha, ezemisebenzi, amanani nokunye). Phakathi osopolitiki, izinhlangano kanye namaqembu aseqalile abavuthiwe icebo Tsar uNicholas II.

Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution wayenezizathu nemvelo subjective futhi umgomo. Injongo akunakubangelwa ekilasini ukuphikisana baye yayina kakhulu ngo-1917. Onxiwankulu akazange abe nesikhathi nesikhathi esanele sokuthatha isinyathelo ukunciphisa Ukushisa engaphelele yomzabalazo wezigaba. Ngisho libukhali sasinjani isimo kule ndawo. Ayikho izinguquko 1861, Stolypin awunankinga ukuguqulwa ungazange ixazululwe abalimi ababefuna ngabanikazi bomhlaba futhi ilungelo asisuse. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo muzi wawakhiwe wakhetha kwamangqamuzana elikhethiwe abantukazana. Ukuqala inguquko iya yanda futhi ukunyakaza kazwelonke kwaqina ngemva February Revolution. Iningi liphendule sabantu kunzima kakhulu ababhekene ngobunzima obulethwa impi futhi, babelangazelela ukuthula. Lokhu kwaba isosha kuyiqiniso ngokukhethekile.

Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution-1917 ngonyaka lwaba isenzakalo esivelele ezaholela ushintsho yezwe izinduna ibe nohulumeni wobunxiwankulu.

I Yesikhashana Uhulumeni akakwazanga ukuxazulula izinkinga zanqwabelana umphakathi (imibuzo yokuthula, umhlaba nesinkwa). Ngenxa yalokhu, kwaba ngokucacile inzuzo lubonakale abakuzuzile amaSoviet, ngubani wayethembise ukunikeza abantu ukuthi ayelindele.

Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution wayebuye izizathu subjective. Abantu yayithandwa kakhulu imibono sezenhlalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli qembu kakade eRussia imele ingucuko lenkhulu futhi silungele zivuse uquqaba ukuba inguqula-mbuso. Kwakuwusuku kwamaBolshevik Party nge umholi oqinile - UVladimir Lenin.

Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuphikiswa, umbuso lapho sibhekene amaBolshevik, ababe ngenkuthalo anti-impi futhi umbuso, futhi ngalwela zokudlulisela amandla amaSoviet, sasekelwa abantu. Lenin anxenxa ngokushesha uqale zabhikisha ahlomile. Kerensky kanye uhulumeni wesikhashana waqala ukudonsa amasosha Petrograd. A KaHulumeni ye Petrograd amaSoviet nasemakamu iKomidi eliPhezulu (Trotsky) asekelwe Yiqiniso kukaLenin.

Ukudidiyela izenzo izihlubuki sidalwe Politburo (kuhlanganisiwe uVladimir Lenin, L., J. Stalin, Trotsky, Bubnov, G. Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev) kanye Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee (Sverdlov, Dzerzhinsky, IA Stalin, et al.). On the izikhundla ithimba e amayunithi lempi babelwa KwamaBolshevik commissars. Uhulumeni wesikhashana wathutha yokuchitha kwamaBolshevik amaphrinta ukuvimbela ukuyaluza Soviet.

Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution waqala ekuvukeleni ahlomile Okthoba 24. Ngokushesha phezu amabhuloho iNeva bathunjwa, Central Telegraph, uNicholas Station, State Bank, umbeki izikole lempi, njll

Ngobusuku buka-25 ku-Okthoba 26 nge volley "Aurora" lase ahlasela Winter Palace. Uhulumeni wesikhashana ilahlekelwe amandla. Ngesikhathi inhloko isimo babe amaBolshevik. Ngesikhathi II Zonke-Russia iCongress of abaseSoviet izinqumo zenziwa ngamandla (ushintsho yayo amaSoviet), ukuthula (ngaphandle annexations kanye indemnities) nomhlaba (ukuqedwa bayo ngasese komhlaba kanye nokwabela abantu indawo yayo phakathi abalimi). Ngesikhathi Congress of the Council of Yabantu Commissars kwase kunesiqiniseko - lukahulumeni, owawungumnyaka ukusebenzisa kuze nomhlangano ka le ababamele LoMhlangano. Kuhlanganisa V Lenin (Usihlalo); I. Teodorovich, Lunacharsky, N. Avilov uJoseph Stalin, uVladimir Antonov nabanye. Ukwakheka okusha yeCentral neKomidi wakhethwa.

Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution kwaba njalo emlandweni Russian futhi kwadingeka izimfanelo eziningi sobala.