Imakethe yeMakethe

Imakethe yemakethe ibonisa izindlela ezithintekayo kanye nezindleko zomnotho ekukhiqizeni, ukushintshaniswa, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa ohlelweni lwemithetho yemakethe kanye nobuhlobo bemali yezimpahla.

Amakhasimende ahloniphekile aseMelika uSamuelson noNorhaus bachaza indlela yokudayisa emnothweni njengendlela yenhlangano yezomnotho, lapho abathengi ngabanye kanye nabakhiqizi emakethe bahlangana khona ukuxazulula izinkinga ezifanayo zomnotho.

Umcwaningi wezombusazwe wasePoland uBalcerowicz ubona indlela yokuhweba njengendlela yokulondoloza ibhalansi edingekayo phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nokufunwa esiqondisweni esiqondile. Ngokombono wakhe, kuphela lezozinqubo zezomnotho lapho inqubo yemakethe yindlela eyinhloko yokusatshalaliswa nokuhlanganiswa kwempahla ingabizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwezimakethe.

Imakethe esebenza ngokukhululekile eqinisweni ithwala izakhi zemakethe yamahhala. Isebenza izinhlangano ezingokwemvelo nezingokwemvelo ezifuna ukugcina amanani aphezulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziphazamise ukuhamba kwamahhala kwemithombo, okuholela ekufinyeleleni okulinganiselwe ezimakethe.

Ukuphazamiseka kwezinqubo zemakethe kungenziwa ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhuphuka kwemali, inqubomgomo engalungile kahulumeni emkhakheni wezomnotho, ukungalingani kwamabhizinisi, ukungabi nokuqwashisa kwezohwebo kanye nezinye izizathu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kokuphazamiseka kulesi siqondiso kungaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho imakethe iqala ukusebenza. Kulesi simo, uyasebenza njengomkhawulo. Ngaphansi kwethonya lakhe, naphezu kwazo zonke iziphazamiso nokukhubazeka, amanani azoshintsha ngenxa yomthelela kubo wokuhlinzeka nokufunwa, nokugeleza kokutshala izimali, ukugeleza kwemithombo kuzoqhubeka nokuqondiswa ukushintsha kwezinto ezidingekayo. Hlala okungahambi kahle futhi nezinye izixhumanisi zendlela yokuhweba, okuyinto egcina ukusebenza kwemakethe.

Indlela yokuhweba (umnotho wemakethe) imisebenzi ngenxa yobukhona kule nqubo yezingxenye ezibalulekile, okuyinto ngokujwayelekile eyenza indlela yemakethe. Lezi zakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu, okokuqala, abakhiqizi nabathengi. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabo kusungulwa njengokushintshaniswa kwemiphumela yomsebenzi. Abakhiqizi benza njengabahlinzeki bomkhiqizo omusha, abathengi - njengabathengi. Ukusetshenziswa kuyisici esiqhubekayo senqubo yokukhiqiza, lapho izimpahla zicutshungulwa ngabasebenzisi.

Isici esilandelayo ukuhlukaniswa kwezomnotho, okufakwe ifomu yangasese lobunikazi noma elixutshwe. Isici sesithathu ngamanani. Lokhu kuyisici esibalulekile, ngoba amanani abonisa ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuthuthukiswa kokuthengiswa kanye nokufunwa emakethe. Isici sesine sidinga futhi sinikezwe. Bathi, njengamanani, yizinto eziyinhloko emakethe, enikeza ukuxhumana phakathi kwabathengi bezimpahla nabakhiqizi babo. Isici sesihlanu ngumncintiswano. Ikhulisa inzuzo futhi ikhulise ukwandiswa kwemikhiqizo.

Indlela yokudayisa emncintiswaneni yindlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwabadlali bemakethe kanye nendlela yokwenza umthethonqubo wamahhala wokulinganisa kwawo. Umcwaningi u-A. Smith wabiza umncintiswano ngokuthi "isandla esingabonakali" semakethe. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuncintisana ukucacisa ubukhulu bokulawulwa kwezomnotho, njengamanani, intengo, inzalo yokubuya, kanye nabanye.

Ukuncintisana kuyinkululeko yokubamba iqhaza kwezingxenye zomnotho kunoma yimuphi umkhakha wezomnotho. Inkululeko enjalo iyadingeka ekushintsheni umnotho ekushintsheni kwetheknoloji, ukuhlinzeka kwezidingo noma ukuthanda izinto zabathengi. Inzuzo enkulu emakethe yukuthi ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo walo kuvuselelwe njalo. Into yokuncintisana yindleko nezindleko zokukhiqiza, umklamo kanye nemfanelo yomkhiqizo. Ukuncintisana kubonakala ngekhono lokuthuthukisa inqubekelaphambili yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe, ukuphendula izinguquko ekufuneni, ukulinganisa izinga lokubuya kanye nezinga lemali emikhakha yomnotho kazwelonke.