Totemism - inkolelo oshonile, noma-ke ukhona kuze kube yilolu suku?

Kukholakala ukuthi inkolo - kuba umkhiqizo komlando wesintu. Ososayensi kube yilolu suku ayikwazi ukusungula isikhathi lapho kuphakama ke. Kukhona kucatshangwa ukuthi abantu ezazingekho ngaphandle inkolo. Umuntu njalo kudala uqobo ezinye ekahle lapho ulangazelela ukubabela. Isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki sidilizwa Xenophanes ngikholelwa ukuthi abantu benze onkulunkulu babo ngomfanekiso yabo, ngisho ukumnika izimfanelo esingokwemvelo. Esinye isazi sefilosofi, Democritus, wayekholelwa ukuthi kuphakama inkolo ngenxa ukungazi nokwesaba. Imizamo baqonde okushiwo, umsuka nenjongo izinkolelo ezihambisana indoda kuwo wonke umlando wakhe.

Kodwa lezi zingxoxo esasiba nazo musa ukuphika ukuthi zazingekho "non-yenkolo" sokuphila kwabantu. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo- izigaba yentuthuko womuntu iye yaba izinkolelo elula, efana magic, nemilingo, animism nezinye. Endaweni ehlukile, phakathi naso sonke lesi Massif zenkolo imele totems. Le nkolelo ngokuvamile ubhekwa njengomunye ifomu ekuseni wenkolo ngenxa primitiveness yayo. Kuyini lokhu? Iyini inkolo totemism? Impendulo kanje.

Kuyini lokhu?

Lalela umsindo igama elithi "totemism." Lesi sitatimende ihlobene ulimi American amaNdiya kanye izindlela "uhlobo lwayo." Le nkulumo ibhekisela umfanekiso owodwa iqembu labantu ezihlobene khona uxhumano jikelele, abambe isilwane noma isitshalo. Ezikhathini zasendulo babekholelwa ukuthi umsuka ezivamile ezinye ukhokho edume. Kulokhu, unina owesifazane, kodwa uyise azenzile kweza ummeleli othile wesikhulu isilwane noma nemifino umbuso. Kuyinto lokhu ubuhlobo phakathi komuntu kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokuphila Emhlabeni ayebhekwa base inkolo totemic.

Le ngxube lwalungcwele, okukhethekile futhi limi ngomumo. Totem futhi ohlonishwa njengomholi amadlozi, futhi njengoba ube ngumsizi wabaningi. Wonke umuntu wayenomusa igama elihambisana unkulunkulu wabo. analogs Phila babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli abazala, azizange zivunyelwe ukuba zihlangane ukuze bulala udle. Ngokusho yetinsita ngemva kokufa indoda waphendukela totem yakhe, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izilwane totemic noma izitshalo abhekwa kwabaphansi. Ukuze likankulunkulu wami, abantu baphathwe ngenhlonipho bakhuleka ngenhlonipho kuye. Its esiqashwe izitha futhi bagcine amasiko athile obehlukene placate kuye. Ivumela umuntu ukuthi emkhosini efanayo kwaba uhlobo komphakathi. Kukholakala ukuthi totems - kuba ifomu bokuqala amaqembu ungubani.

Kuyini nenani eliphansi?

amafomu Early bezinkolo: totemism, futhi kanye nalo, futhi magic of animism - abangu wafunda ngokuningiliziwe ngesayense ekhulwini XVIII. Kukholakala ukuthi owasungula inkolelo totem e-Australia, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abaningi izinto ngezizathu ezathathwa North wamaNdiya aseMelika. Le nkolelo iye yaba isisekelo ezinye izinkolo ezikhona kube yilolu suku nakwa unabalandeli abaningi. Ngakho, ngenxa totemism zathathwa obschereligioznye imibono enjengokuthi inkolelo zinomsuka owodwa ubuhlobo nabantu izilwane nezitshalo, kanye nomqondo ka the ukuguqulelwa kwesinye isimo sokuphila wemiphefumulo, ukukhulelwa limi ngomumo nokuvuka ngemva kokufa, okwenzeka ebuKristwini, nobuBuddha ne Islam.