Michael Wittmann - SS-Hauptsturmführer, master tank izimpi. Izilinganiso namazwi, izithombe

Famous SS, ngamaloli umpetha, ubani ochotshoziwe amacimbi ezweni France, Poland, Greece, iSoviet Union (eKursk), kuze 1936 ngasebenza njengombonisi eMnyangweni Wehrmacht, ngemva - kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe - SS. Ngo-USSR, yena waba induna a Leli qembu lokushaya izibhamu. Entwasahlobo ka-1944, wathuthela laseNormandy, lapho wabonisa ukuthi ithangi German "Tiger" kakhulu lidlula wonke imishini esetshenziswa ngabangani bethu. Igama lakhe wenza zonke encyclopedia lempi - uMikayeli Wittmann.

tank ace

inkazimulo Special yembatha ngaphansi idolobha Villers-bocage, lapho ukubonakaliswa wanikwa ukulwa: emizuzwini eyishumi nanhlanu Michael Wittmann akhishwe 11 amathangi, 13 armored izisebenzi bathwale ezimbili anti-tank izibhamu. Ngakho uyabhujiswa cishe ngokuphelele intelligence British, akuyona kwesimo endaweni elula, futhi kumnandi ne ngaphezulu izikhathi Afrika emkhankasweni, lo othiwa "ehlane amagundane". Ngenxa yalokho yezenzo omunye "Tiger" intuthuko wamabutho aseBrithani uye abasekho.

St Aignan de Cramesnil - edolobheni laseNormandy, lapho, ngo-1944, wabeka ikhanda lakhe lomkhumbi olamandla ongedluli isosha iqembu SS Michael Wittmann amabutho. Ethangini, owawungumnyaka umpetha isiJalimane, labhujiswa hit ngqo: izinhlamvu liqhuma umbhoshongo yashaya off. Zonke zingamalungu ethangini yayimane nje esilufifi.

Ngesikhathi impi Michael Wittmann, izimpi master ithangi, mathupha wabhubhisa 132 anti-tank izibhamu 141 amathangi. Iningi-akhawunti yomuntu ka-Asa kulotshiwe ku-Eastern Front.

i-curriculum vitae

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu ithangi induna Umhlaba - Michael Wittmann steel ngo-Ephreli ngo-1914 umkhaya umlimi sika kusukela Upper Palatinate. Lapho eneminyaka engu-amabili, wahlanganyela Workers Association abangene (RAD - Reichsarbeitdienst), lapho afike wakhonza khona izinyanga eziyisithupha, ngemva kwalokho esebizwa ukuba ukudlula ezempi ngo ibutho lamaJalimane.

Ngo-1936, uMichael Wittmann kokuqeda inkonzo isikhulu non-ethunywe, futhi ekuqaleni kuka-1937 waba SS olunezinombolo SS 311623. Lapha waqala ukuqeqesha ukushayela imoto armored, lokho wabonisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Poland, Greece nezinye Europe

I nabasePoland 1939 yibutho, futhi uma wawungaphansi Wehrmacht, ukuthi impela kancane. Noma kunjalo, lo mkhankaso German ePoland, wathi zonke izinkomba blitzkrieg. Ngo-September, uMichael Wittmann, le ayesanda kuluthola Unterscharführer SS, njengengxenye intelligence iyunithi ngesikhathi armored imoto neSd. Kfz. 232 ne ukunqoba okufanayo badabula leyo ndawo kwesimo engumakhelwane.

Kakade ngo-Okthoba 1939, Wittmann wakhuphukela isitebhisi. Ekuqaleni, washintshelwa owesihlanu intelligence bronerotu e Berlin, lapho kwakukhona khona uhlobo "uchebka" ku ukushaya izibhamu, bese - ku ibhethri esanda ezenziwe self-eyayimfuqa lokushaya izibhamu. Lapha watholana futhi baba abangane ngalo kanye Aces esizayo, okuyinto kamuva uhambisane zikufice:-ke uHans Philipsen, uHelmut Wendorf, u-Alfred UGünther abanye.

Indlela eya ethangini

Real kuyinto umsebenzi ithangi kaMikayeli Wittmann. Ekupheleni kwawo-1940 eGreece eYugoslavia Michael Wittmann Uyalé a Leli qembu self-eyayimfuqa izibhamu StuG. III Ausf. A, lapho ahlala uJuni 1941. Kakade ngoJuni 11, LSSAH Division, lapho inkonzo yakhe owawuse, wasuka izikhundla waya empumalanga, lapho kulindeleke ukugcwaliseka Barbarossa uhlelo. Ekuqaleni, uMichael Wittmann ngalwa ezifundazweni eziseningizimu ye-USSR.

Ukuze ukubhujiswa amathangi Soviet, 12 Julayi 1941, Wittmann ithole Iron Cross II degree, waba kancane kwalimala, kodwa kwakusasele phakathi kwababusi, futhi ngo-September 8 ngathola umklomelo efanayo mina degree. Izimpi eduze Rostov bamlethela Panzer Ukuhlasela medallion (6 amathangi ubhujiswe impi eyodwa ngesikhathi) futhi isihloko Oberscharführer. Ngakho walwa uJuni 1942, khona-ke i-service ovelele engena amasosha ngoba umqeqeshi eBavaria. Ngo-September 1942, wathola iziqu lapho umfundisi ethangini.

Tank Grenadier Division

Ngemva redeployment kanye kabusha entwasahlobo ka-1943 Mihael Vittman waqala umsebenzi wezempi kakade "Tiger", okuyinto ironed eKursk Bulge ukuphakama phezu eningizimu phambi onqenqemeni. Ngosuku lokuqala Wittmann ephethwe incapacitate 13 T-34 futhi ezimbili anti-tank izibhamu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wasiza ukusinda Leli qembu Gelmuta Vendorfa, owangena enkingeni enkulu. Zonke silwele eKursk futhi laseKharkov, ekupheleni ukusebenza ngaphambi Julayi 17, 1943 "Iron Tiger" Wittmann wabhubhisa 28 amathangi amaSoviet nasemakamu 30 izibhamu.

Ngo-Agasti, division wayiswa evuselela futhi kabusha e-Italy, lapho futhi esetshenziswa ukulawula ezifundeni ezinabantu. Esikhathini elalisanda kumiswa ithangi esindayo Ibutho SS Michael Wittmann wakhonza ababulali edume efana Aces emathangini avuzayo Shtaudeger Franz, uHelmut Wendorf, Jürgen Brandt. Wayala yilesi sigaba SS-Hauptsturmführer Kling Geits ku "Tiger" ngaphansi inombolo 1301.

Autumn okuhlaselayo iRed Army, 1943

Abahlaseli isiJalimane emuva kusukela izimpi olunegazi ezomelana nezwe Soviet. Tank Battalion, lapho akhonza khona njengombonisi Michael Wittmann, ngaphindiselwa Eastern Front - a Kiev. Ziqhutshwa "Tiger" yakhe isilwane esisesincane, nje usuku olulodwa 13 Okthoba, Wittmann esingu 20 T-34 tanks kanye 23 anti-tank izibhamu. Ngo-January, wathola BAWELA Knight sika unina wobaba.

Ekuqaleni kuka-January, amabutho aseSoviet betfule intuthuko ithangi brigade, kodwa endleleni intuthuko rose "Tiger" Wittmann. Ngo-January 13 njengoba gleefully kubika umsakazo isiJalimane, akhawunti Wittmann komuntu siqu yokuchitheka imishini zaba amayunithi 88 amathangi nezibhamu self ezinezinjini. Wittmann umdubuli kambayimbayi noBalthasar Woll futhi wathola BAWELA Knight sika ephelile hit ilitshe ezihambayo, ngisho ekuhambeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Wittmann baba Obersturmführer SS. U-Adolf Hitler mathupha uhalalisele ithangi umpetha, wezwakalisa amazwi okubonga ngoba izenzo zobuqhawe yaklonyeliswa "amahlamvu Oak" uhlamvu knightly. Okulandelayo angabhekwa: inhloko izisebenzi - Michael Wittmann. Photo kubonisa "Tiger" yakhe umgqomo isibhamu eyayikhanga 88 izindandatho yaphawula ukunqoba.

Division "Knights"

Ekupheleni kuka-February, okuwuphiko kwadingeka ezinhlanu Knights Knight sika Cross: Shtaudegger, Wendorf, Okugcwele, Kling futhi Wittmann. Kodwa kukhona sokuziqhenya ethile kwaba muva nje - Umuthi we-oki eshiya esiphambanweni. Ekuqaleni Mashi, zonke Knights kwesokunxele Eastern Front. Michael Wittmann, manje eqoqela izingcaphuno esashiwo ukuthi amathangi KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - isisulu esilula, Soviet anti-tank ngezibhamu - futhi base nzima ukuthatha.

Eyokuqala e-March 1944, Wittmann washada nentombi okuthiwa noHildegard Burmester, wayekhona lapho umshado Knight ngamaloli noBalthasar Woll, umdubuli kambayimbayi yakhe, njengofakazi. Ngalesi sikhathi, Mihael Vitman, SS-Hauptsturmführer, waba iqhawe lesizwe, isithombe sakhe kungabonwa cishe kuzo zonke ekhaya. Umshini kukhangisa akuzange umsebenzi walo. By the way, the umdubuli kambayimbayi Woll wasinda empini, alwa kwaze kwaba usuku lokugcina. Washona ngo-1996.

Ekwenzeni ukunqoba main

Ngo-April 1944, Wittmann wavakashela uHenschel ifektri ekhatsi Kassel, eyayikhuluma abasebenzi, walidumisa "Tigers" labo abenziwe ngezandla zabo, wambonga umsebenzi wakhe, wavakashela izinguqulo ezintsha lezi amathangi. Uma indaba ibhalwe wathi iqhawe German Michael Wittmann, ethi ke aqikelele ukuthi eqoshiwe.

Ngo-May 1944, Wittmann wabuyela iyunithi wakhe - hhayi Eastern Front, kanti eFrance edolobheni Normandy ka Ligier futhi Juni 6 USSR oMfelandawonye lawela laseNormandy. Wittmann wathola novohonky "Tiger" enguqulweni yakamuva. Lapho kuthuthwa Allied air kuphangwa thina thinned kakhulu zezindiza mncane phakathi kwababusi amathangi German. "Tigers" eziyisithupha zodwa inkampani Wittmann. Noma kunjalo, ngo-June 13 izinsalela le nkampani libhujiswa ngokuphelele yonke 4th Tank Regiment leBritain. Kwakuyiqiniso.

AmaNgisi abangazange okwamanje bayinqoba impi

AmaNgisi langena edolobheni Villers-bocage ekuseni. Shona-eshalofini "Ugwadule Amagundane" (7th British Armored Division) wakujabulela ukuhlangana ne lesifunda sabo bendawo ngaphuma ethangini kancane ekhululekile. Noma ngisho kancane, lapho ucabangela ukuthi kwabe sekwenzekani. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-Ibutho 4th nenkampani ithangi "Cromwell", uphenyo kanye elihamba ngemoto banquma ukuthuthela ku ukwenza ucwaningo bese kucace, uma unayo indlela Caen. Montgomery lidlule ngalesi abakhulu isikhathi abasebenzi de Gigandu yocingo mayelana nendlela uphathe kahle wasithatha isitha enhlanganweni yezazi pincer.

Futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo ne ephezulu liphumele, eliseduze, wonke isithombe wayebheke Michael Wittmann kusukela embhoshongweni yakhe isifihlwa "Tiger", futhi Koll ihlolwe ukulungela uhlelo isiqondiso, bekhononda British behaving sengathi banayo kakade empini iwine. Ngo Wittmann kwadingeka 5 amathangi: 4 "Tiger", omunye okwakukhona nge amaloli ezilimele, a "Panther". Against inombolo inqwaba amathangi wonke yempi ngesiNgisi. Noma kunjalo, bonke ukulwa ukuze avimbele waseBrithani outflank amabutho aseJalimane.

"Bashaye phansi"

Kuyinto le nkulumo Michael Wittmann wathi, SS-Hauptsturmführer (ucaphuna lesi sikhathi kwakungekho muntu ukubhala), ukuze lezimpisi ezinamabala liyabhodla ucingo. Ikholomu amathangi intelligence British ngalesi sikhathi isivele eduze ukuphakama matasa Vuitton, 200 meters. "Ugwadule Panther" ngomoya ophansi waxosha emgwa- emazombezombe, abade izihlahla ezinhle ezikhulayo nhlangothi zombili komgwaqo, ukujabulela umbono wabo. Awu, ukubuyekeza yavalwa, yebo, cishe ngokuphelele.

Isimo kule mboni Vuitton ngaleso sikhathi angazanga wayebenzile indlela yakhe lapha kusukela Paris ebusuku kuphela, kodwa namanje iphazamiseke kakhulukazi kuphangwa yeBritish emoyeni Aces. Noma kunjalo, ngesizotha okukhulunywa ngayo oluzayo isibungu cwe zonke "Cromwell", "Sherman", "Brenna" - a ibutho umnyuziki zempi. Radio azowalekelela Usuvele ucele, kwadingeka izinqumo ezimbili: ukulinda noma ukuhlasela. Okwesibili - ukuzibulala okumsulwa.

Kukhethwa senziwa

Wittmann ayikwazanga ukwenza tank yakho, ngakho wahlala inceku imoto, ukutshelwa ukuthi yenzeni isikhundla ukuphumula, futhi wahola "Tiger" ukuhlangabezana isitha. Ukuze wehlise ibanga eyikhulu namashumi amamitha wangishaya kwaphuma amathangi amabili levumelana British ke ethangini lokugcina kulandelana, ivimbela lonke isikhala ngomgwaqo owumngcingo uphahlwe izihlahla, okuyinto ethangini Wittmann wasivikela, wayifihla. Ukungenela umsila ikholomu, Wittmann wadutshulwa emshinini ngamunye ayeke isiNgisi, ezavela zone of ukubonakala. Ezinye zazo "Cromwell" nje rammed, ukuze singathwesi eziphazamisa intuthuko.

Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-20, cishe konke eseqedile 7 Armored Division UK. Waluqhekeza ngokuphelele: 21 amathangi, 28 izimoto armored nezinye 14 izibhamu self ezinezinjini futhi 14 isigamu-track izisebenzi armored zenethiwekhi. Ngemva kwalokho Wittmann kancane ancipha. Ngaphandle umonakalo kancane. Labo abasele abanga-amathangi ezine egqumeni embozwe nomyali. Phakathi naleso sikhathi futhi azowalekelela - 8 amathangi ngaphezulu inkampani yokuqala afakwe Villers-bocage ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushayela ngaphandle kwedolobha ezinye amayunithi British.

Nangu wathembisa "imikhaza"

Wittmann kuphazamisekile ukubaleka wakhe futhi waphuthuma enkabeni yedolobha. Kukhona amathangi ezintathu British ezine, labo ababanjwa oqotsheni endleleni, wabuye wangqongqoza, kanti owesine wanyamalala emva kodonga engadini. Wayengeke kudutshulwe umdubuli kambayimbayi bakhe abakwazanga ukubuyela esikhundleni sakhe. Ekhululekile isiNgisi, ngempela, afike ekugcineni. Kodwa zazikhona nezindaba okwesihlanu "Sherman" ngokunyenya ngayo umthetho saleso sakhiwo, isibhamu emine Wittmann imoto cishe iphuzu-blank, futhi "Tiger" ngesikhathi wathola isitha tank yakhe olwandle. Omunye shell hit, kwashona ethangini Wittmann "isibungu".

Wittmann Yiqiniso, basabela ngokushesha, kwesigamu kokudilika kwesakhiwo kwi "Sherman" futhi wagcwalisa ngokuphelele up. Futhi waqhubeka umlilo. "Cromwell" Kugcine, okuyinto ngaphandle umdubuli kambayimbayi, naye watholwa futhi wawahlula. tank yisimo Wittmann ukuthi kamunyu esishiywe dengwane. Wabuyela ephezulu liphumele, namanje isiqale "Tiger" yalo, refueled futhi kwadingeka ahlanganise reinforcements wakhuphuka phakathi kwababusi okuyinto ephinda wawela phezu obekusele besigaba British. Ngalesi isibindi Hitler ukhishwa Wittmann futhi "Izinkemba" xaxa 'amahlamvu kwesihlahla se-okhi "ukuze BAWELA Knight sika. Ngakho, i-tankman esasiwafanele kuka Vuitton, e Army German kwakungasekho. Nokho, enkulu ezayo British ukusebenza lempi West kushabalele. Ekuqaleni kuka-August 1944, yena wabulawa ethangini, okuyinto kwaku nezisebenzi Wittmann uMichael.