Silicosis kulula: izimbangela, izimpawu, ukwelashwa

Lung silicosis - isifo okuyinto kubangelwa imisebenzi okhokhelwayo. It ngokuvamile kwenzeka kubantu ogama imisebenzi zihlobene izimboni Metallurgical, whiteware, ubunjiniyela kanye nezimayini. Lesi sifo kwenzeka uma besebenza isikhathi eside uphefumula umoya ngothuli equkethe Silicon dioxide. I esiyingozi kakhulu nothuli kuleli cala izinhlayiya respirable uqale sicindezeleke amashubhu alveoli futhi imithambo emaphashini, abangela izifo futhi cystic. Kobukhulu izimpawu kokuvela kanye nezinkinga okwengeziwe kuhlobane ngokuqondile inani Silicon ongene emaphashini womuntu. Uma isisebenzi akawasebenzisanga igiya zokuzivikela futhi kufanele wazi ngalesi sikhathi ngesilinganiso uthuli inhalable weqiwe, umuntu onjalo ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, okungukuthi silicosis olunamandla Lung.

lesi sifo

Ezimweni eziningi, le isifo emsebenzini kufihliwe ngaphakathi, nakuba kungenzeka inkinga ngesimo sofuba noma pathologies kule ipheshana zokuphefumula. Uma isiguli wembula ifomu okukhulu silicosis, unesikhundla cystic (nezibazi) kwezicubu kwamaphaphu. Lesi sifo siyaqhubeka, ngisho noma umuntu esinguye kwesokunxele umsebenzi wakhe futhi akazange donsa uthuli eziyingozi.

Incazelo isifo

wamaphaphu silicosis libhekisela izinhlobonhlobo pneumoconiosis. Uma izitho zokuphefumula ikhumbule uthuli ngokweqile nge okuqukethwe Silicon dioxide, iphaphu izicubu ikhula ezincane ngokweqile futhi uzelochki kwakhiwa. Isiguli eseqala ukuzwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo futhi ngenxa yalokho, isimo sakhe siba sibi.

izimpawu

Omunye isifo esikhohlisayo - a silicosis wamaphaphu. Izimpawu kulokhu ayinakuboniswa isikhathi eside, futhi phakathi nalesi sikhathi lesi sifo iyaqhubeka ikhula futhi ngenxa yalokho kuba amahlala khona. Ngemva kwesikhashana umuntu ogulayo eseqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuhlungu obukhulu kwahambisana iphika, okwandisa ngesikhathi umzimba. Ezinye izimpawu of silicosis wamaphaphu - a isifuba esomile lokukhiqiza isikhwehlela batch.

Uma emaphashini athuthukile zokugula, izimpawu ziba sobala ngokwengeziwe. Manje, iphika kungenzeka noma ngaphandle umthwalo esimweni ethule yomuntu. On ngemuva kukhona ukucinana kwemithambo yomoya emaphashini kanye somoya bronchial, futhi ubuhlungu kulesigaba bangaba namandla. Uma lesi sifo kuhambisana isifuba esomile futhi ngezinye izikhathi isikhwehlela lubonakale kuphela, bese ayelapho yezinkinga ngesimo bronchiectasis. Ngaphandle, umuntu ogulayo akashintshi.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini, ngokwezindlela izimpawu. On the isifo bangase bathi kwesifuba ezomile futhi ukuphefumula kanzima. Kodwa kaningi isiguli ithunyelwa-X ray, futhi uphethwe kuqinisekiswa Eqinisweni ukuthi esifubeni-X-ray imibukiso. Ukuze udokotela, isithombe kuvula emphysema, ubonakala ukuthi ukuhamba ekukhanyeni kuyehla, okubangela umsebenzi zokuphefumula kahle kakhulu.

ifomu kuthiwa lesi sifo kuzibonakalisa ukukhwehlela njalo, lapho ivelele eziningi phlegm. Esifubeni kukhona oqinile nokukhama ubuhlungu, futhi abanye abantu ebonakalayo cyanosis.

Ngamanye iziguli khona hemoptysis, futhi kukhona izinkinga imithambo yegazi kanye inhliziyo. Uma ziphikelela, isiguli uyaqhubeka donsa uthuli eziyingozi, cishe uqale inqubo hypertrophic eziyoholela izinguquko nolwelwesi lwamafinyila elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula.

Stage silicosis

Yonke inqubo yokuthuthukisa isifo zingahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu:

1. Isinyathelo sokuqala kuhambisana ukubukeka dyspnea, kanye ne umthwalo omkhulu. Lokhu kuvula ukukhwehlela olunzima, uhlobo ezomile, futhi kukhona obonakalayo emhlabeni ubuhlungu besifuba noma kabi. X-ray ungakwazi kakade ukukhombisa Izigaxana ezincane nezibazi ukuthi siqala ukwakha.
2. Kulesi sigaba, ubuhlungu besifuba cishe aphelile, kukhwehlela iba aqinile. Sebeqala kakade ukuba ingabonakala kanzima, kwesifuba dryish nokuphefumula kanzima kuba esinzima ngokwengeziwe. Odokotela uqaphele ukusonteka abalulekile kwamaphaphu, yilokho ikhombisa esifubeni X-ray ngalesi nesigaba lesi sifo.
3. Lapho kuqala esigabeni sesithathu, isiguli ngokuvamile azizwa iphika. Kubantu, ukukhwehlela iba njalo. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu mokrotnyh ocucuzayo, kwesinye isikhathi igazi.

Kuqakatheke ngani ukuphendula izimpawu

Uma isifo ukhonjwe, kubalulekile uqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Uma uphelelwa isimo futhi uphendule izimpawu kancane, umuntu ukuthuthukisa nezifo zokuphefumula ezihlobene, kanye yezinkinga silicosis. Ngakho, ngaphansi kwesimo isifo emsebenzini zingavela ukhunta emaphashini, yamaphaphu umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sofuba, emphysema , pneumothorax nabanye.

Kwezinye izimo, kumelwe uphikisana esibhedlela?

Kukhona izimo eziphoqa umuntu ukusebenzisa kuchwepheshe, futhi zihlanganisa:

1. Ukuhlolwa Asebenza. La basebenzi, kufanele endaweni enothuli, kufanele kube kabili ngonyaka ukuhlola Pulmonologist. Uma umuntu akusho ukuqaphela khona izimpawu, namanje idinga ukwenza esifubeni X-ray.
2. Ngo ukukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo kwalo (ezimanzi, ezomile).
3. ubuhlungu Cijela endaweni esifubeni (ubheke udokotela ngokushesha).
4. ukukhwehlela Sinzima, ukungakuthandi ukudla ukukhathala njalo.

Silicosis, impatho yamaphaphu futhi kudingekile izinyathelo

Ngemva ukuthola lesi sifo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile - ukuyeka ukuxhumana silicon. Ngokulandelayo, isiguli ifunda ukuba afeze ukuphefumula izivivinyo. Udokotela ukuya sinquma isisulu Active-mpilo ephefumula. Ukuze afeze ukuphathwa ebekiwe izidakamizwa ethize. Ezinye ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo zokupheka bendabuko.

Uma sekutholakele ukuthi sine- ifomu acute, umuntu ebekiwe bronchodilators ngaphakathi. Futhi, amasampula siyiswa tuberculin. Uma impendulo nesineke ngokwengeziwe esimisiwe antituberculosis izidakamizwa, ezifana "INH". Isifo sofuba, lakhula isizinda silicosis ziphathwa esebenzisa eziningana, ngokuvamile okungenani ezine. Phakathi kwabo kufanele babekhona "rifampicin".

Ngo isifo kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi cystic nesineke ukwenza ngaphandle ekusebenzeni wamaphaphu ukufakelwa.

Iziguli ngilugcinile 1 futhi isigaba 2 angaqoka ukwelashwa spa.

Isibikezelo sezulu sezinsuku ukwelashwa

Uma yokwelapha iye yenziwa, isiguli enethemba lokuthi alulame ngokugcwele, kodwa isimo okwengeziwe kuxhomeke ekutheni ukwelashwa seluqaliwe kunoma yisiphi isigaba. Silicosis iyinhlangano nature ezingamahlalakhona yokukhanya, ephelezelwa indoda isikhathi eside emva kokwelashwa angawususa ngokuphelele. Nokho, uma banalesi ifomu acute, emzimbeni kukhona izinkinga, ngokuvamile kuba Fibrosis noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme yamaphaphu. Kulokhu, isiguli kuzodingeka ukulwa nalaba comorbidities.

prophylaxis

Uma umuntu ukusebenza izimo ezimbi kakhulu, ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo ezifana silicosis, iphaphu, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ukuvikela izinyathelo zabo kwezempilo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, akufanele singayinaki izinto zokuzivikela nezingubo ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. Ngo enothuli umsebenzi ngosuku kufanele mfushane, futhi umuntu unelungelo ukusebenza isigamu-heartedly. Futhi kudingeka ehloniphekile, okunomsoco ne Ngaphezu ekudleni ubisi, kanye ukunamathela imodi efanele kosuku.

Uma une ukuchitha isikhathi ezindaweni ezinothuli, kubalulekile ukuba bangakushayi indiva nokuhlolwa odokotela njalo futhi-x-reyi, ngoba lesi sifo kulula ukuze kuvinjelwe kuka hhayi ukwazi ukuthi alulame.