Komzimba womuntu: isakhiwo esandleni

Anatomy of the isandla lomuntu liwumsebenzi kubenzima. Ngakho, imithambo, emithanjeni, izinzwa nemisipha kukhona branched futhi njalo ukuwela nomunye, futhi inethiwekhi imisipha kanye nemisipha aphendule yonke umyalo zobuchopho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukugoba futhi ukusika.   Isakhiwo isandla kusho uhlobo oluthile lwakheke ngendlela enkulu phezu imisipha, ngoba emini umuntu ukhiqiza ezihlukahlukene ukunyakaza, kanye nesimo sabo kuxhomeke isandla.

Konke lokhu esandleni isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi wamboza lesikhumba, esebenza njengesikhali sokuvikela kwawo kusuka amagciwane, ezinobuthi nemisebe eyingozi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amanzi, unekhono kulondolozwe izinga lokushisa ezithile umzimba futhi siqoqe ulwazi sezinzwa ukuthi uvela ngaphandle, ngakho lesi sakhiwo isandla Kuvumela ngokunemba lokusebenzisa ngobuhlakani lezi izinto ngawo othintana ngesandla.

Isendlalelo engezansi isigxingi ngemuva ibhulashi mncane, ngakho ezandleni umnkantsha njalo kunamanye emizimbeni. Dermis ohlangothini emuva has a esincane umjuluko nezindlala sebaceous, yingakho isikhumba bome out ngokushesha. Lesi sendlalelo isikhumba sicuketse izinzwa ngaphezulu, ama-lymph kanye imithambo yegazi, kanye kuyi-collagen futhi mithambo ine-elastin ezenza kube isikhathi eside futhi ukubhekana nezimo ezinzima. Nokho, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okuyinto lingena dermis, inomphumela omubi kulezi amaprotheni amabili, ngakho isikhumba isandla ilahlekelwa kuyaqina, futhi imibimbi wakhe ngokushesha.

Isakhiwo esandleni somuntu inezici ezithile ezikhethekile. Ngakho, amaseli ukukhiqiza melanin ise ungqimba engezansi epidermis. Ngenxa nalokho isikhumba sithola imisebe ultraviolet, kanjalo uvimbele ukudala ezinye Ukungena yayo ku dermis. Uma imisebe yelanga abe umphumela ohlala njalo isikhumba, ke kuholela ekwakhekeni ubudala izindawo.

Isakhiwo isandla yomuntu, kuhlanganise esihlakaleni, kungenziwa ithathwa njengendlela isahluko ehlukene. Zakhiwa amathambo amabili nesikhombisa ezigcwalisa kahle umsebenzi wabo, kanye imicu yemisipha, imisipha exhunywe amathambo.

Uma sihlola skeleton shayela, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa lapha eziyisishiyagalombili amathambo ukuthi zakha esihlakaleni, amathambo ezinhlanu obumba pastern (esihlakaleni), futhi nane amathambo obumba phalanges.

amathambo carpal siqukethe ezimbili zamahalananda amathambo ezine ngamunye. Umugqa wokuqala kuhlanganisa scaphoid futhi lunate amathambo, kanye ezintathu-nhlangothi zombili, pisiform. irowu Okwesibili - amathambo trapezoid, capitate futhi hamate ithambo.

Amathambo esandleni kuqukathe ikhanda isizinda (iqupha) futhi umzimba. Amathambo neminwe aqukethe phalanges ezintathu, ngaphandle isithupha (anakho phalanges amabili).

Uma ucabangela isakhiwo esandleni Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imisipha ukuthi ukulawula isihlakala kanye isandla, impela eningi. Basuke ihlukaniswe phambi (obhekene flexion), bakhulise (obhekene isandiso) nemisipha eziwumgogodla (ngokusiza afeze ukuhamba iminwe).

Hand nemisebenzi elandelako: ukuziqonda, ukunyakaza ecacile ehlelekile, ukuluma.

Ngakho, isandla exhunywe umzimba ngosizo amathambo, emisipheni nasemalungeni, futhi siqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: i-ibhodi lemisindo, ehlombe isandla. Ukugoba ngesikhathi ingalo indololwane inikeza ukuhamba okusezingeni eliphezulu nokusebenza, ukuze sikwazi ukwenza ezihlukahlukene ukunyakaza.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi enisemikhawulweni iminwe namangqamuzana sezinzwa, lapho umuntu efunda emhlabeni ngokuthinta, okuyinto ebucayi ukuze ubuhlungu kungani kukhona. Ukuvikela izinzipho zabo khona ukuthi bamele uphondo ipuleti ehlanganisa yi-keratin, yi-keratin kunesikhumba. Ngakho, kuba ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, ngokuzikhandla futhi aba maningi aze ahlanganise kancane phezu contact ngamanzi khona.

Isakhiwo izingalo ivumela umuntu ukwazi emzungezile ngokusebenzisa touch kanye nekucinisa izinto, okwenza kube lehluke njani kuletinye zinhlobo mammalian.