Enzyme - kulethe izinqubo kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni

Enzyme bafeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Bona ukuphuthumisa izinqubo zamakhemikhali ezenzeka emangqamuzaneni. Enzyme - a nokwenziwa kulethe kwezakhi engena emzimbeni. isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene usebenza okuguqula futhi eqhekeza kwamafutha, carbohydrate amaprotheni, njengoba e ukudla, zonke lezi zingxenye ifomu nzima-to-inhlabamkhosi. Ngaphandle iqhaza enzyme yinqubo engenakwenzeka. Ngakho ukuthi akhiwa umzimba womuntu, kubalulekile ukuthola pi abilayo ethile amavithamini. Lapho avitaminosis encishisiwe enzyme isinyathelo, futhi kubambezela inqubo umzimba. Uhlobo ngalunye enzyme iyasebenza nje imvelo yabo - enzyme isisu sisebenze kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo esidi, ama-enzyme pancreatic - ane-alikhali kuphela. Amazinga ekahle kubo - lena lokushisa komzimba womuntu nangaphezulu nje, akukho degrees ezingaphezu kuka-39. Enzyme - iprotheni ethile, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ngeke ukumelana okushisa aphansi kakhulu futhi high. Ngezinye amazinga aphakeme, zivaliwe, ngoba aphansi kakhulu - Umsebenzi ngokuhlala. Izinga wokusabela enzyme, isb umsebenzi wabo incike inhlanganisela yalezi zici - izinga lokushisa, pH-imvelo kanye lokuhlushwa indaba kokuqala kwe-substrate.

izinhlobo enzyme

Kuye izinhlobo ukusabela enzyme zihlukaniswe amakilasi ayisithupha, subclasses yabo. Kuyashesha namachibi ukuphendula enzyme - a oxidoreductase. Transferases catalyze nokudluliswa yizici zamakhemikhali phakathi ama-molecule. Lubhekele hydrolysis of enzyme - a hydrolase. Catalyst aphule izibopho zamakhemikhali imikhiqizo - i lyase enzyme. Isomerases catalyze izinguquko nokwakheka kokuqala molecule impahla. Ligases ezihilelekile ekwakhekeni izibopho zamakhemikhali phakathi le substrates.

Zonke ama-enzyme zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu.

Amylase ehilelekile ukuguqulwa carbohydrate, yehlukanise kubo, khona-ke ukungena ngokushesha emgudwini wegazi. Lokhu enzyme ikhishwe esiswini kanye ngamathe.

Lipase kuveza kwamanyikwe, kuqukethwe ijusi esiswini. Kudingeka ukubhekisiswa amafutha.

I-protease nayo ezikhishwe kwamanyikwe futhi eziqukethwe juice esiswini. Lokhu enzyme isetshenziswa Uqhekeza amaprotheni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho wokugaya ukudla, ukuhlukanisa elinye iqembu enzyme umzimba ehilelekile izinqubo kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi engqamuzaneni.

Ukudla okune-enzyme

Ukuze uthole ama-enzyme wemvelo ukudla, ukugwema ukupheka yabo futhi badle lezi ukudla okuluhlaza. Njengomthetho, lokhu kusebenza ukudla Lokudabuka isitshalo. Kuyinto ecebile kakhulu enzyme zemvelo sasigaya upopo izithelo, ukwatapheya, umango, uphayinaphu. Ayikho sibi kakhulu kunalokho okuboniswa neklabishi evamile, izithelo zemvelo nemifino nesiphuzo. Ungase futhi wenze i-ukuntuleka enzyme, ukuthatha Izithako zokudla - nezithasiselo. Enzyme ekhiqizwa ngokuzimisela yizinkampani ezithaka imithi ngesimo amaphilisi kanye amaphilisi. isenzo esihle kakhulu emzimbeni, kuhlangene enzyme ngomumo. Ngokuvamile, inhlanganisela aqukethe enzyme kubalulekile ukuze kokudla esiswini - proteases, lipases futhi amylases.