B25 (ukhonkolo): izici kanye nokusetshenziswa

Ukhonkolo libhekisela zokwakha endala. Kumbiwa wokuhlala lasendulo izindawo abantu Emhlabeni luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalo yaqala eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-6 eyinkulungwane edlule. Futhi manje cishe ezivamile zezinto zokwakha. Ake sihlole kabanzi omunye izinhlobo zawo - B25-ukhonkolo.

Ikhwalithi ukhonkolo

I eyinhloko izinkomba main of izinga ngokhonkolo uyidwala compressive. Lokhu ichaza ekilasini ngokhonkolo izici kuboniswa incwadi "B" (Latin), futhi izinombolo elihambisana (kg per square cm), umthwalo kuvunyelwe kuso. Ngakho, Class B25 ukhonkolo zingamelana nomthwalo 25 kg / sq. cm. of izakhiwo zikakhonkolo alesi sigaba kuhlanganise okuza labo abazokwazi withstanding umthwalo 327 kg / sq. cm, okuhambelana sha M350 amandla.

workability

Lesi sici inquma nokusebenza ukhonkolo lapho isetshenziswa. Ngokuhambisana GOST 7473-94, lesi sici elibonakala incwadi "P" futhi inamba kusuka 1 kuya 5, siyafana nalokho ukhonkolo ezimanzi nge nobulukhuni esingaphansi 4 imizuzwana futhi ehlukaniswa ukuwa. Kulesi ukuwa kuyinto (ngamasentimitha) 1-4, 5-9, 10-15, 16-20 nangaphezulu 21 izitembu kusuka P1 ukuba P5, ngokulandelana.

sphere kwesicelo

B25 Ukhonkolo (M350 brand) zithandwa kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, okwenza kubangelwa kokuqina izimfuneko yamaphrojekthi futhi ukwandisa ukulawula nokugcina kwawo. Lokho yokuthi sha waqala kungene isikhundla izibalo kakhulu yokuthengisa imikhiqizo ukhonkolo.

High amandla izici inikeza eziningana izinga kasimende kuleli B25 Ukwakheka impahla (ukhonkolo). Ngakho-ke, le nto kusebenza kakhulu emkhakheni ukwakhiwa multi-storey izakhiwo, womshini kakhulu ucindezelekile kwagcizelela izakhiwo zikakhonkolo (imishayo, slabs, amakholomu), kubalwa kuhlanganise ukusebenza ezindaweni nokhahlo.

Ngo ukwakheka-B25 yayo ukhonkolo ngokuyisisekelo yakhiwa, ngaphezu kuqinise, egwadle amatshe noma itshe ochotshoziwe, wageza umfula isihlabathi. Emakethe zokwakha kungenziwa wayala kwezidingo labathaki bamafutha, labathaki bamafutha aphathekako ngendlela okuthiwa ngomumo mix ukhonkolo kanye P2-P4 ukuhamba.

B25 Ukhonkolo (M350 Brand) libhekene izindinganiso eziphakeme izinkomba frost ukumelana naso futhi kwenze ukumelana namanzi. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi esetshenziswa ekuhlobiseni okuqinile izisekelo (plate, columnar, inqwaba-rostverkovyh futhi iteyipu), kanye izitebhisi ukhonkolo. Kusukela kulo emakhaya (futhi emkhakheni wezimboni) kukhona inkatho isitsha lemiganu yokufafaza, slabs Monolithic nezindonga. B25 ukuphatse okuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi livikela nokuhuzuka. Kule uphawu, ngokukhethekile, wenza komgwaqo airfield amapuleti eqhutshwa kunzima kakhulu izimo zezulu. Ngo ukwakhiwa kwezohwebo futhi lisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenjongo ziqinisekiswa futhi ukwandisa nokwethenjelwa izakhiwo kanye nezinye izikhungo.

B25 Ukhonkolo: Intengo

Lokhu ebangeni izindleko ukhonkolo ngaphansi kwezimo zamanje zehluke abakhiqizi etinhlotjeni letibanti kunalokho ububanzi. It kuxhomeke ezicini ezifana ukusondela ngasezinkwalini, imithombo of izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye ezidayiswayo, agcine siqu, ezokuthutha kanye ukuhweba futhi base realizable, ekugcineni, idumela nomkhiqizi zokwakha emakethe. Izindleko nazo kuncike degree of ukuhamba ukhonkolo: ayanda njengoba linjalo, njengeliyiZwi impahla ezibizayo. Inani kanye iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izingxenye fillers. Ngokuvamile ukhonkolo ngesisekelo amatshe ushibhile kuno okokusebenza esekelwe egwadle olwembiza. Enye indwangu eshibhile kusuka imfucumfucu kabusha, etholwe ukugaya izakhiwo zikakhonkolo. Ngokwesilinganiso, B25 ukuphatse angathengwa (ukulethwa ngaphandle) ngentengo ruble 3,000 ukuze 3,800. m ^{3 ngayinye.}

uzenza

Ezimweni lapho ukufunwa amavolumu encane B25, ukhonkolo zingenziwa bebodwa. Ngenxa yale njongo kubalulekile uhlanganise usimende, inhlabathi kanye yamathebhu olinganise ezilandelayo volumetric: usimende M500 - 1: 1.9: 3.6; kuqinise M400 - 1: 1.5: 3.1. Amanzi yengezwe ngo isamba ukuthola rigidity oyifunayo. Kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho:

• Sebenzisa kuphela amathuluzi ohlanzekile namanzi;
• ukusebenzisa kangcono esihlabathini wageza, amatshe noma itshe ochotshoziwe (ukungcola ubumba kakhulu ukunciphisa amandla impahla);
• Ungafaki amanzi ngemva kokuxova isixazululo (amandla lapho kufakwa elahlekile izihloko);
• isixazululo kumele kusetshenziswe ngaphakathi ihora elilodwa emva nokulungiselela.

I yamathebhu lingasetshenziswa amatshe luthuli idwala eliyigwadle limestone noma lesibili. Ukuze brand ukhonkolo M350 Ungasebenzisi fillers ezifana ubumba zandiswa slag nezinye idwala ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, ukuthi unganikezi amandla esiwadingayo material.

Ngakho, kulesi sihloko sabuka ulwazi mayelana zinhlobo ukhonkolo, ewusizo kakhulu izingxenye zesakhiwo kanye okusezingeni eliphezulu isakhiwo amandla. Sithemba ukuthi ulwazi oluqukethwe kulesi sihloko kuyoba wusizo kuwe.