Tajikistan: incazelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho sabantu. Tajikistan, ababekade elaseSoviet Union

I-Republic of Tajikistan - iyizwe elincane kunawo wonke e-Asia Ephakathi, indawo ayizinkulungwane 142 sq M.. km. Kuze 1991 kwaba yeSoviet Union njengoba Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic. It has a komngcele Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan neChina. Ema-25 edlulileko khona njengoba geqe. Leads eduze nokubambisana kwezomnotho neRussia.

Tajikistan - ezweni yokwamukela, okuyinto idume isithelo sawo isimo sezulu esifudumele. Capital - Dushanbe. Kuyinto idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke futhi ezibaluleke kakhulu imigomo yezombusazwe, ezomnotho, ezesayensi kanye namasiko. Okwamanje, inezinhlobo 9% abantu sebebonke.

incazelo emfushane

Tajikistan 3 sifunda. Sughd Itholakala enyakatho yezwe. Inombolo yomhlaba wonke yesikhungo lesifunda - emzini Khujand (phambilini obuwaziwa ngo Leninabad). Khatlon esifundeni - ingxenye ningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe. idolobha Regional - Kurgan-Tube. izifunda zaseMpumalanga Tajikistan bemunye Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. It Pamir, elikhulu kunawo wonke endaweni kanye nesizotha kakhulu isibalo sabantu endaweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, 3 nakwamanye amadolobha futhi kwezinye izindawo kufanele kwakuwukuthi republic.

Imvelo kanye Climate

Isimo sezulu yezwekazi. Izungezwe cha, ngokulandelana, emoyeni esomile, kukhona uthuli iziphepho, zazo ngokuvamile uhlushwa bendawo. Tajikistan, noma kunalokho insimu yalo, 93% yakhiwa entabeni sezwe. On insimu yalo kukhona izintaba eziphakeme, kufakwe ohlelweni: i Tien Shan, Gissar-Alai kanye Pamirs. Ngenxa umehluko lokushisa kokuphakama zihluke kakhulu. Nakuba phansi ezigodini yokushisa ifinyelela 50 ^{° C,} ephakeme kunaleyo 4000 m ngokuvamile amanga ice okuphakade neqhwa. Kukhona Imifula eminingi zivela.

amanzi maphakathi nezwe

Imifula elikhulu Tajikistan - Vakhsh, Panj, Zeravshan, Syr, Kafirnigan. Badlala indima ebalulekile amanzi kuleli lizwe. Futhi, avame wahlanganyela ngokudoba bendawo.

Tajikistan amumethe amachibi. Inani elikhulu kubo atholakala ezintabeni. Ponds kwakhiwa ngenxa kwenhlabathi ngaphansi kolwandle. Leli chibi elikhulu kunawo wonke - Sarez futhi Jashilkul. Ukuthi le amachibi amahle onqenqemeni ozithandayo abadumile nge izivakashi - Fan ezintabeni (Gissar ububanzi). Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo, Lake Iskanderkul, ivikelwe ngokuthi izabelo nemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Syr Darya futhi Vashhe wadala amadamu yokufakelwa: Kairakkum, Farkhad neNhloko Lake.

izimila Abangefani is bagxila emfuleni izigodi echibini ezingwini. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu utshani kanye nezihlahla, izihlahla ngokuvamile ukhule wodwa kanjani, hhayi ukwakha yehlathi eliminyene. 4% kuphela endaweni Tajikistan sika imbozwe ihlathi.

labantu

Tajikistan okwamanje ixazululwe Ukuboshelwa. Sebebonke abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-8,6. etindzaweni tasemaphandleni bakhululekile enabantu abangaphezu kuka ezisemadolobheni. Futhi kukhona namanje ezigodini akukho ugesi endaweni eyodwa, futhi kukhona izinkinga ezingaphezu ngamanzi.

isimo Asemazweni Amaningi. Tajiks - lalolo hlanga. Tajikistan baba okwazalelwa ngoba izizwe ezifana Pamirs futhi yagnobtsy. inani lawo imayelana 85% (kanye Tajiks). Ukulandela isibalo sabantu kubhekwe ukuba Uzbeks (14%). Ezinye izizwe ngaphansi kude. Russian% 1 kuphela okusele Tajikistan.

Abantu bakhona Ukuboshelwa kakhulu kwasakazwa. Ngokwesibonelo, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region ihlanganisa 45% kule ndawo, futhi uhlala wokuthi imfushane kunalokho 3% abantu sebebonke weRiphabhulikhi.

ukuthuthukiswa komnotho

I-Republic of Tajikistan ku yizinkomba zezomnotho ezihlobene emazweni ampofu, nakuba ezingaba wezwe nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu. Izintaba aqukethe eziningi imali ezinonileyo namaminerali ahlukahlukene. ukuhlakanipha kwabo ngenkuthalo kwenziwe kwamaSoviet kusuka 1971 kuya ku-1990. Inkinga wukuthi ngesimo sendawo enezintaba sinzima, inhlangano ukukhiqizwa kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu futhi imigwaqo ezinhle.

Road - inkinga enkulu e Tajikistan. The main onguthelawayeka republic Dushanbe-Chanak kuze kube muva nje wadabula maqembu amabili wawusuka khona entabeni - futhi Anzob Shahristan. Manje abamhlaba imigudu lapho, futhi ngosizo amaShayina wenza ithrekhi elikhulu ngesivinini. I maqembu evaliwe ebusika, Akasekho isithiyo ekukhulumisaneni. Ngaphansi kwalo mgwaqo ukuthi ikhokhelwa, futhi akukho enye indlela. Yingakho labantu Izwe libhekene eziningi nezinkinga ngesikhathi sohambo.

imigwaqo zemininingwane e Tajikistan zisesimweni esibi. Lena inkomba abalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wezwe futhi Yiqiniso, izinga lokuphila labantu bendawo. Eziningi zalezi imigwaqo ungazange lwakhiwe kusukela kwamaSoviet, zingabantu izingcezu esidabukisayo kuphela izinkumbulo-asphalt.

Ukusebenza yobudala labantu kunokuba ukusebenza ekhaya, waya emsebenzini, ngokuyinhloko eRussia. imali okusetshenzelwe akuyona esichithwa izimali kanye izidingo zansuku zonke.

7% emazweni flat hhayi elalihlala izintaba, abantu bendawo sihlakulele ukotini, ugwayi, okusanhlamvu, imifino kanye nezithelo. I share imfuyo encane.

ezokuvakasha

Izindawo ezisezintabeni Tajikistan ukuheha izivakashi eziningi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Pamir iziqongo eziphakeme kunazo zonke, ikakhulu isiqongo Somoni (isiqongo ubuKhomanisi), ebabazekayo, efudumele futhi kalula Fann ezintabeni, amatshe nezigodi Intaba Ukufana ibhekwa njengeyigugu kakhulu izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe akude. Okwamanje, emizaneni eminingi usebenza ekhethekile guest izindlu lapho izivakashi kungathatha ngisho eshaweni esishisayo, okuyinto kule ndawo awavamile. Izakhamuzi abeve benomoya wokungenisa izivakashi futhi eziwusizo, iningi ngokufudumele uyakhumbula athokoza ukuphila eSoviet Union.

Tajikistan - ezweni ethembisa kakhulu, kuba into edabukisayo ukuthi ngenkathi ingcebo yawo kuphela uhlale eziningi ezingaba khona, okuyinto kakhulu kuthinta ezingeni labantu bendawo.