Imihlobo ebaluleke kunayo igolide

Igolide - omunye izinsimbi eziyivelakancane emhlabeni kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, njengoba iwuphawu ingcebo, impumelelo kanye nesimo okusezingeni eliphezulu nomphakathi. Esikhathini lwezakhi DI Mendeleev wabhekisela njengoba Aurum, okusho "segolide", futhi phakathi kwabantu ibizwa ngokuthi "enhle". Futhi Akukhona ukuthi kumane kuqondane, ngoba igolide kuyinto metal inert, cishe Asingeni izibopho zamakhemikhali yakha compounds entsha - oziphatha njengongqingili kwezakhi wekuvana umphakathi. Lokho inertia metal okubangelwa ukuba izindleko zaso okusezingeni eliphezulu funa. Nokho, naphezu "ubutha" kuya ezinye izici, ososayensi bakwazi ukwakha izinhlobo ezahlukene zegolide, ezizenzile manje esetshenziswa izimboni eziningi, jewelry ziphethe ithuluzi ukwenza. Enkulumweni yayo okumsulwa ke manje cishe ukuhlangabezana.

ubufakazi igolide

Emvelweni, igolide ingekho ngesimo "okhanyayo" amatshe indawo-grained, futhi ngesimo izilongotshane amancane, isihlabathi okusanhlamvu ngaphakathi emadwaleni main, igolide esindayo. Ngezinye izikhathi izinhlamvu ezincane ukuze kungabonwa kuphela ngosizo imishini ekhethekile.

Kodwa kukhona okuyigugu, enkulu kunazo zonke zazo - "Isihambi Bathandekayo" - Kuye kwatholakala e-Australia, futhi kuhlaziywe mayelana 75 kg. Futhi lapho kwenziwa ezimayini zegolide esifundeni esise-Ural, isampula enesisindo 35 kg watholakala, ebizwa ngokuthi "unxantathu omkhulu".

Kodwa emakethe igolide uthola kuphela ngemva multi-level yokuhlanza. Kodwa ngisho nangemva ekwandiseni impahla eluhlaza iqukethe e oyiyo ethile amanyela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kanye zinhlobo igolide kuqala ukuthi lokhu kwakuhluke ukuwohloka - okuqukethwe amaphesenti zensimbi umkhiqizo.

igolide uhlelo amasampuli

Izikhungo zomphakathi njengoba yegolide usebenzisa izibonelo elicwengekileyo lokhu metal. Amaphesenti izakhi okukukho 99,999% ngamunye igremu we ketshezi. Kodwa standard yasebhange ingot enesisindo 1 kg iqukethe 999 amagremu metal. Lokho izindleko ingot ehlukaniswa eziyinkulungwane, kungabonwa negolide Ukuhwebelana isitokwe zomhlaba.

Isampula igolide kuboniswa ku umkhiqizo ngesimo ilebula encane, okuyinto izinombolo likubeka ngokucacile. Izwe lisebenzisa amasampula amabili kohlelo:

1. Metric. Kwasakazwa CIS, eYurophu nakwezinye izindawo eRussia, usebenzisa inkomba netinombolo.
2. Carat ozofakwa e-European Union ne-United States. Ithola inombolo zezinhlamvu zegolide, okuyinto eyabangela 24 ingxubevange.

Igolide uhlelo Carat ngefomu okumsulwa (iphesenti ezingaphezu kuka 99,9%) kulingana isampula 24, kanye imethrikhi - 999th. Uma izinto zegolide uke waphawula isitembu nenani "750", noma 18k, umkhiqizo iqukethe-75% we metal zasebukhosini. Ukuhlobisa 585 ezivamile emkhathini post-Soviet. Kodwa iningi yekhwalithi ephansi uthathwa 9 Carat noma 375 isampula izinto, ngoba zihlanganisa hhayi ningi than 37.5% segolide.

"Spectrogram" imikhiqizo igolide

ngegolide elihlanzekile uthambile kakhulu, ductile futhi impahla oluthambile ngokwezwi nezwi "encibilika wahamba" nzima umshini. Ukuze igolide impahla eluhlaza ngabobunjwa, yengezwe ahlukahlukene izinsimbi: isiliva, ithusi, cadmium, i-chromium, i-platinum nabanye. Ngakho, uhlobo igolide, noma kunalokho Alloys yayo.

Kuye ngokuthi yiziphi nto ungeze ku feedstock, kukhona izakhiwo ezingokwenyama ingxubevange, kanye nombala. Shade igolide kungaba ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ziyahlukahluka kusuka segolide pink yellow kubemhloshana blue amnyama, ensundu ngisho elimnyama. Konke lokhu ekugcineni enquma ukubaluleka ngemihlobiso izimfanelo zabo yobuhle.

igolide Yellow nomhlophe

igolide Yellow kuyinto ingxubevange bendabuko kakhulu futhi uvamile ezweni. Kuyo ngoba insimbi yizicukuthwane endaweni isilinganiso ezahlukene esiliva ungeze nethusi. Ithola inani ukungcola, indlela negolide eliningi emakethe ubucwebe. Uma iphesenti esiliva mkhulu lingakanani ithusi, imikhiqizo iyashelela lemon-anemibala. Uma ithusi ngaphezulu, livela umthunzi obomvu. Imikhiqizo ezivamile emakethe 585 kanye 750. igolide White iyona ingxubevange eqolo futhi enhle, okuyinto akumangazi. Ukuze uthole palladium obengeziwe noma ye-platinum, yingakho umkhiqizo futhi ibe luhlaza olumhlophe. Ngaphezu izinguquko umbala amandla izici - ukuthi ziphakeme. Lwemigexo zisebenzisa gold white 585 kanye 750.

Red futhi igolide pink

Red Gold ingxubevange okulungiselelwe ngokungeza inqwaba wethusi. Ngaphezu kwalokho ezinye imikhiqizo okuqukethwe bengase bazikhandlele 50% isisindo ingqikithi. Yingakho zonke izinhlobo shades yegolide red kukhona eziphansi. Kubukeka obuhle amagugu abomvu - ngeyamarubi futhi garnets. Ukuze luhlaza pink e Alloys ngethusi, kunezelwa kusuka izingxenye 3 2 esiliva. Umbala ugcizelela ukuthinta izicukuthwane kuphela. Yingakho le nto lidumile izindlu eziningi imfashini emhlabeni ezikhiqiza imigexo osaziwayo.

igolide aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Thola igolide eliluhlaza ngezindlela eziningana. Okuvame kakhulu wabo - ukwengeza olinganiselayo ingxubevange esiliva. Nge ukwethulwa walesi metal kuyinto luhlaza esishintshile - imikhiqizo lwaba luhlaza, ophuzi kanye qwa. Kule incike kangakanani igolide kuwufanele oluhlaza. Uma iphesenti esiliva ingu-30%, bese mineral entsha - electrum. Ukuze blue igolide Alloys ungeze steel noma ayibe. Esimweni sokuqala, lokhu kwenza umbala obomvana kuhluka grey ukukhanya blue abandayo. Uma wengeza ayibe ingxubevange iqala ukuthola Tint oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezinye izindlu fashion sifinyelele nomphumela ofanayo ngokusebenzisa enamathela steel. Nazi akubona bonke Alloys eziyilokho izinhlobo igolide khona. ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni kakhulu futhi uyawuthanda black impahla ezihloniphekayo, kanye shades yakhe ensundu nsundu.