Izinsimbi eziyigugu

izinsimbi eziyigugu - okokuqala igolide, isiliva ne-platinum. Ababona kuncike ukugqwala futhi namachibi, futhi lokhu kuwabeke nezinye izinsimbi. izinqolobane zabo ezincane, kodwa imikhiqizo wawo ahlukile ngempela. Ukuze isigaba zihlanganisa yizicukuthwane ne-platinum, izinsimbi, ezifana palladium, ruthenium, Iridium, steel futhi osmium. Platinum metal kuyinto ukuzinza ezahlukene ezishisayo, ductility, ukugqwala ukumelana, reflectivity futhi emissivity, nazo conductivity ezishisayo kagesi kanye kanye okusezingeni eliphezulu izici kazibuthe. Lezi izindawo ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali esiyingqayizivele akuzona izinsimbi kuphela ngokwabo, kodwa futhi compounds zabo nezimpahla on ngesisekelo yabo: Alloys, yelikhono, izimpushana, ezinengilazi, i-nitrous amafilimu. Bona azinakusilela zamakhemikhali Petrochemical umkhakha, electronics, ugesi, enuzi kanye missile ubuchwepheshe, insimbi. Lezi izinsimbi unikeze yibhange nokwethenjelwa tekusebenta Computing, kanye wokulinganisa nokulawula amadivayisi futhi instrumentation.

Zonke izinsimbi yizicukuthwane sinezimfanelo ezibalulekile ezidingekayo womshini ubucwebe ahlukahlukene. Lokho izakhiwo ezifana umsungulo, ductility, plasticity, fusing ikhono nezinye izinto ezimbiwa phansi. Ngenxa zibiza bebizelwa eziyigugu.

Eqolo eziyigugu metal - igolide. Kuyinto ungoyedwa metal ukuthi has umbala ophuzi e injalo elicwengekileyo. Uma sula yayo, Ukukhalipha yayo ngeke sinyuke. Igolide lungekho ngaphansi emoyeni namachibi, amelana umswakama kuyo. Ngenxa tsenneyshemu impahla yayo - chemical ukumelana zonke iqembu izinsimbi igolide waqaphela njengoba ephakeme kakhulu. Imboni imigexo siyisisekelo ngegolide elihlanzekile Alloys eziyigugu.

Abaningi bakhetha izinsimbi eziyigugu ezimhlophe, ikakhulukazi ubucwebe. metal njalo is esiliva. Ngaphezu imihlobiso esiliva esetshenziswa womshini Cutlery, izitsha. esiliva ngomshini ikufanele kalula. Lokhu metal has ductility, plasticity, malleability. Liphinde elinesimo reflectivity okusezingeni eliphezulu ngaye, conductivity ezishisayo kagesi kanye. Ingxenye enkulu esiliva ekhishwe elisetshenziswa electronics, Instrumentation, ngoba ayenza lezi zinhlamvu, luthi alufane izibuko, photography. Eminyakeni yamuva, kwenkululeko lokhu metal njalo uyanda. Ngu umswakama esiliva aluqinile kakhulu. It uthola umthunzi mnyama.

Futhi izinsimbi yizicukuthwane zihlanganisa platinum kanye uhlu yayo - rock enesigqi esinamandla ne refractory. Emvelweni akukho platinum injalo elicwengekileyo. Linikezwa ngesimo ingxubevange zemvelo nezinye izinsimbi eziyigugu ezifana palladium, ruthenium, steel, osmium, Iridium. Platinum has a ubulukhuni ephakeme kunegolide nesiliva. Chemical ukumelana is kancane kuthinteke. Platinum vysokoprobny ingxubevange kabanzi lisetshenziswe ekwakhekeni ubucwebe.

Isakhiwo iqembu-platinum kuyinto palladium. Amandla ayo chemical platinum ngezansi. Anakho enhle, awube mhlophe. Palladium iyona engasindi kakhulu, evumelana nezimo, futhi ephansi encibilika zepulasitiki izinsimbi-platinum iqembu. Kungaba kalula iphuma kanye ukufinyelela ngocingo. Palladium akusho ukudunga futhi ngokuphelele amenable ukuba wokucwebezelisa. Kuqukethwe ukubunjwa ongaphakeme-grade zegolide ukwandisa anti-ukugqwala yayo izakhiwo.

Iqembu i-platinum ngezinto kuhlanganisa steel, kepha efaniswe aluminium bluish emhlophe. Lokhu metal elinesimo ubulukhuni, friability. It has an esingokwemvelo reflectivity okusezingeni eliphezulu. Rhodium kubhekwa metal ukumelana amakhemikhali. Lokhu metal olumelana imiphumela oksijini, chlorine, isibabule, phosphorus. Chemical futhi izakhiwo ngokomzimba we steel isetshenziswa lokunameka zegolide nezesiliva.

Ruthenium - metal refractory. Ukuqina futhi brittleness it has kanye steel. Ukusebenzisa kwakhe lokhu metal itholakala insimbi, izinto eziningi ezincane etholakala-platinum Alloys.

Omunye metal-platinum qembu Iridium, isici okuyinto efana isici ruthenium futhi steel. Kuzo zonke izinsimbi, ke ingenye amakhemikhali esitebeleni kunazo. Yena ngenkuthalo obusetshenziswa embonini zamakhemikhali.

Ummeleli wokugcina izinsimbi-platinum iqembu - osmium. Machining akusiyo ndaba, e zingaxazululeki acid. I Alloys osmium yethulwa ukwandisa chemical nokumelana kwazo kanye ubulukhuni.