Izici Key zokukhiqiza kanye nobuhlobo babo

Ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa kanye ukuqondisa inqubo ukukhiqizwa kudinga izimo ezithile - izici zokukhiqiza. Ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi imithombo. Izinsiza zihlanganisa zonke izinto ezidingekayo ukuze ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana (ukudala) le blag.V kwezomnotho kuye ngohlobo yokusetshenziswa ukukhiqizwa omunye iqoqo izici. Kodwa ezinye izinto zokukhiqiza ayafana futhi yohlobo olufanayo nazo labizwa ngokuthi izinto ezinkulu zokukhiqiza. Kukho konke, zonke izici zihlukaniswe izifundo ezithile bese ngezigaba, izinhlangano kanye namaqembu.

inqubo kophawu wenziwa esekelwe izingeniso ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela kaMarx wabelane izinsiza zezomnotho kanye izici zokukhiqiza ngamaqembu ezinkulu ezinkulu ezimbili kuphela - yangempela futhi siqu. Ngaphansi izici siqu, it is ngokuvamile waqonda ubugqili ngokombono amakhono engqondo nawokuxoxa ngokomzimba komuntu ukusebenza ndawonye. Futhi izici yangempela isho iqoqo lezinto futhi izindlela zomsebenzi kanye zezemvelo. Kodwa lokhu kuqhekeka izici zokukhiqiza asifanele isayensi yesimanje. Ngakho-ke, engxenyeni kwekhulu XIX yesibili, lo mbono kakhulu enwetshiwe lo mqondo izici zokukhiqiza kanye ngezigaba zabo, eyayihlanganisa izici ezintathu, kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka eledlule kwabathathu bokuqala ungeze lesine. Futhi lokhu ngezigaba isasetshenziswa ukushintshwa ezincane kanye ngcono, ngisho leliqhinga libizwa classical.

Ngakho, ezicini eyinhloko zithele ngokushiyana kuye ngezigaba zakamuva sehlukaniswe zabasebenzi, umhlaba, imali, kanye nekhono ebhizinisi. Cabanga izinto eziyisisekelo ukukhiqizwa wedwa anike tiphakamiso.

Umsebenzi ngokuya ukukhiqizwa - kuyinto umsebenzi womuntu ngokomzimba noma yengqondo ebhaliwe, okuyinto ihlose ukwakha ezinye izinzuzo zomnotho. Eminyakeni yamuva, lesi isici lutho iye yashintshwa yaba welithi "capital womuntu" esibandakanya ukucabangela zomsebenzi abafundile okukhulu nezisebenzi ezinamakhono njengenye zezici eziyisisekelo zokukhiqiza.

Ngokuphathelene umhlaba, ibhekisela umqondo yezinto eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza, ngoba ayihlanganisi kuphela ezweni, kodwa futhi imithombo yamanzi, amahlathi, amaminerali kanye nengcebo yemvelo ezidingekayo ukuze inqubo ukukhiqizwa. Futhi kulokhu, isiqalo nesigcino zezici komhlaba ingenye eliyisisekelo izinsiza zokukhiqiza.

Capital (ngokomzimba okusho) - yithuluzi kwezomnotho kunqunywa inhlanganisela imithombo lobuchwepheshe, yezimali nezinto ezisetshenziswayo, okuyizinto ezidingekayo ukuze ukukhiqizwa ezihlukahlukene izinzuzo zomnotho. It ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili: yemali futhi uhlobo-real. Imali-dolobha, eqinisweni akuyona yithuluzi umnotho, kube uhlobo isici umlamuli ukuthi kudingeka ukuheha (ukuthenga) capital womuntu futhi ngokomzimba.

ikhono ebhizinisi - kuyizinto eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza okuyinto eqinisweni kukhona izakhiwo zomsebenzi kodwa ayenzi ingxenye kwakhe zokuphatha enhlanganweni. Naphezu ukufana ubunjalo yalesi isici nge enza labour, lokhu yikona kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala uhlobo engenayo - engenayo ibhizinisi. Umkhawulo ubuncane imali ezifana inzuzo. Izinto ezisele izinhlobo ayo imali cha. Lapha kule isici kuhlanganisa isayensi njengoba ifomu ethize yizenzo zabantu.

Ulwazi futhi sihlobana lolu hlobo iqembu noma izinto. Njengoba-ke ikuvumela ukwenza iqoqo nokucutshungulwa ezihlukahlukene ulwazi, systematization yayo ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni yezimboni nezomnotho yizenzo zabantu. Zonke izici eshiwo ngenhla kungukuthi akuvamile futhi ngokuthi njengoba izici unomphela ukukhiqizwa.