Umhlaba Amanzi

ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwemithombo yamanzi ingenye izinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu kwemvelo. Ukuthuthukiswa olunzulu kwezolimo, embonini, emnothweni sisonke, njengoba amadolobha ekhula kungenzeka ngenkathi sigcina nokukhuphula amasheya. Endaweni yokuqala namuhla esintwini ayisebenzisele Ukuvikelwa imvelo izindleko ukuze kulondolozwe izinga lamanzi amasha. Inani izinqolobane zalo idlula ukubaluleka nganoma uluphi uhlobo feedstock isetshenziswe kaningi.

Ngo inqubo ushintsho ngempumelelo imvelo zibaluleke amanzi izinga imithombo. Libuye inombolo ebalulekile kubo. Njengomthetho, iyiphi iphrojekthi ngemvelo ushintsho ngokuyinhloko ehambisana ne umthelela imithombo yamanzi elithile noma ngenye indlela.

Nge ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha emhlabeni umnotho ukusetshenziswa "gidrozapasov" uye wakwenza kwandisa. Ukusetshenziswa njalo eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kuya kweyishumi kabili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kunyuke kanye nezinga ukusilaphazeka. Ngakho, kwemithombo yamanzi kwenza kancane kancane bawuphundle.

Umqulu ngokuphelele hydrosphere libanzi. Ingxenye encane le ivolumu (cishe amaphesenti angu-amabili) ngenhla tifaka ekhatsi amanzi ahlanzekile. Bona ngqo ukuzuzisa abantu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu, esebenzisekayo Uyi echibini, umfula, ulwandle izinsiza ngandlela ezinye imikhakha yezomnotho. ukubaluleka Elikhulu futhi umswakama komhlaba emkhathini, kweqhwa elimboze izindawo ezibandayo kanye nezindawo okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngakho, cishe zonke izingxenye hydrosphere (ngaphandle amanzi amaminerali kanye biomass) zibhekwa imithombo "gidrosyrya". Nokho, obuyigugu kakhulu ukuba abantu amanzi ahlanzekile (echibini, umfula, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba). Zisetshenziswa sphere yasemasimini neminye ezimbonini nasemizini. River, ichibi futhi komhlaba imithombo abhekwa atholakalayo kakhulu kalula, zingalawulwa kalula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emjikelezweni lapho is ngokuqhubekayo olusha.

Abantu ungayisebenzisi amanzi ahlanzekile elondolozwe ku izinguzunga zeqhwa. Namuhla, umuntu usebenzisa amaphesenti angu esingaphansi omunye ivolumu isamba hydrosphere. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, kunosongo hhayi kuphela lesifunda kodwa futhi nokushoda global lamanzi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomnotho nempahla yasendlini.

Obvious Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imithombo yamanzi ungenza up, edonsa inqwaba zonke izingxenye hydrosphere. Kule ndawo, umsebenzi asebenzayo wenziwa ngempela ngempumelelo. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izifundazwe lamanzi olwandle kungeyona Kwenziwa, amasu zenzelwe amanzi nomthelela eziqukethwe emkhathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhileleke kakhulu zigcine ngomshoshaphansi. Kanye nalezi kwenziwa izinhlelo isicelo yamanzi, okusemathinini e izinguzunga zeqhwa.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ingxenye eliyigugu kunawo wonke "gidrosyrya" akuyona ngokulinganayo basakaza yonkana amazwekazi. izinsiza Iningi komhlaba ukwehla nokugeleza kwawo kubhekwa ibhande enkabazwe. ocebile Ikakhulukazi kuto eduze indawo ye-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. akhawunti Lezi zindawo ngoba phakathi amabili nanhlanu kuya ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu amamitha intilibathwa emfuleni inani ezingaba yishumi ngamashumi amabini anamahlanu amawaka cubic metres komhlaba ageleza umuntu ngamunye ngonyaka. National Water Resources amazwe nezishisayo zone eningizimu esipholile futhi elishisayo Eurasia abe ivolumu kayishumi ezincane. Kahle kuvikelwe kubhekwe ese-Arabhiya, e-Afghanistan, eSahara, eningizimu ye-Asia Ephakathi. I engxenyeni esenyakatho nakwezifudumele futhi zone esipholile ine ukutholakala isilinganiso samanzi. Lapha, ivolumu ukugeleza Imininingwane mkhulu kunezinhliziyo ngamashumi amabini anamahlanu amawaka cubic metres umuntu ngamunye ngonyaka. Enyakatho-mpumalanga yeRussia, kanye ezindaweni enyakatho Canada amanzi ukutholakala ingaphezu eziyikhulu cubic metres of amanzi emifula Imininingwane umuntu ngamunye ngonyaka. On indawo olukhethekile-Australia. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke zaleli zwekazi amanzi amancane ngokwanele, izinkomba ukutholakala kwayo ngokwesilinganiso amanzi ingaphezu kwe value isilinganiso global.