Ukwakhiwa Ring Road: Isikimu 2014

Gcwalisa isikhala eMoscow umgwaqo kwamaloli nezimoto uma zidlula kudinga athula emizileni ekhona. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga kumele kube iphrojekthi entsha - Central Ring Road (Ring Road). Isifunda 2014 kwamukelwa njengoba base ukuqaliswa wathi ukwakhiwa emikhulu. Ake sihlolisise ngesikhathi project Ring Road.

Izizathu eziyinhloko yokwakha

Okokuqala kubalulekile ukukhuluma mayelana sezizathu ezinkulu ezibe nomthelela ukuvela umbono ka-CRR. ISu 2014 kuzovumela ukuqonda izakhiwo eziyinhloko.

Ingabe kade inkinga enamandla kakhulu umthwalo umgwaqo emigwaqweni eMoscow, kanye nalabo imizila ukuthi ukukhonza ngqo yohambo imoto ukugeleza phakathi komuzi. Ukuminyana kuyinto sasivumela njalo isiminyaminya ezingxenyeni ezahlukene emgwaqweni omkhulu, kanye bafake anda komzila womgwaqo, nakho kubangela isidingo njalo ukulungisa unscheduled.

Nje umbuzo ayazama ukulawula izimoto ukugeleza kusukela eMoscow Ring Road endleleni federal ukuba nezinye izindlela zokuxhumana, wabeletha umqondo Ring Road phrojekthi. Izinjongo zalolu Iphrojekthi kube lula ukuliqonda nje ngokubheka uhlelo lwakhe lokufundisa abantu, esizokucabangela ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.

Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa the project

Ezingeni olusemthethweni, umqondo ukwakhiwa kwalesi Ring Road yabuya ngo-2001. Kwabe sekufika iphrojekthi endleleni yokuqala evunywe Uhulumeni waseRussia. Ekuqaleni, ukwakhiwa emendweni Kwakuhlelwe ukuba uqale kusenesikhathi ungagcina 2011. Kodwa ngasizathu simbe ekupheleni 2013 kwakungasalanga ngisho yavuma ukuba kwakhiwe circuit. Kule ndaba, ngawo lowo nyaka, uNdunankulu Russian Dmitry Medvedev ekuyi ucele kunonophisa luhlelo ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa Ring Road. ISu 2014 kwaba ukusheshisa ijubane ukuqaliswa iphrojekthi. Ngakho-ke, ngemva ukuthuthukiswa yayo, abaningi bakholwa ukuthi kuzoqala ukwakhiwa cishe ngokushesha. Ngo-August 2014 kwaba khona ngisho capsule, okubonisa ekuqaleni umsebenzi. Lo mcimbi ubuhanjelwe yilabo abaholi phezulu eMoscow nesifunda eMoscow. Wabe eseqala umsebenzi wokulungiselela, ukwakhiwa isevisi wokuqala zokuxhumana ilandelela isayithi, kodwa ukwakhiwa komgwaqo, ke akazange afike.

Ngisho ngo-2015 ukwakhiwa komgwaqo futhi ungakaqali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwamenyezelwa ukuthi kuqale ukwakhiwa idluliswe ngo-February 2016. Nokho, umnqamulajuqu kokuphothulwa ukwakhiwa Ring Road kuze kube ayizange ithuthuke. Ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo kuhlelwe ukuba igcwaliswe njengoba kuqale unyaka ka-World Cup e-2018. Kodwa ngenxa ukuhlehliswa njalo wokwakha nakho bomnotho ebhekene Russia ngesikhathi samanje, umnqamulajuqu ukwenziwa kwephrojekti lihlehliselwe iminyaka 2022-2025. Noma kunjalo, namanje kule izinhlelo kusadingeka ukuvala indandatho 2018, bese izoqhubeka nokusebenza kuphela ekwandiseni isibalo imizila. Lokho, eqinisweni, izimoto zokuqala uzokwazi ukushayela endleleni njengoba kuqale unyaka ka ubuqhawe zomhlaba football.

Okwamanje, into kuphela lokho ephethwe sokumazi ngendlela ukuqaliswa ukwakhiwa Ring Road - ivume uhlelo ngo-2014. Kuzoba isihloko isifundo sethu.

Osonkontileka futhi abadlali

Ngubani okumele zenziwe ekwakhiweni Ring Road Isikimu 2014? "Avtodor" kuyoba labahluleli eyinhloko iphrojekthi. Le nhlangano egcina ithenda phakathi osonkontileka ezingaba bese ukhetha uyakufanelekela kakhulu.

"Stroygazkonsalting" wamiswa unjiniyela yokuqala esigabeni endleleni yokuqala. Kodwa, uma kubhekwa ukuthi ngo-2014 ngoba yokuthi kwakungekho lutho elakhiwa ngo-2015, "Imigwaqo" salandelwa inkontileka ye yenkampani Crocus Group futhi "Mostostroy N6". It is eyaziwa ukuthi unjiniyela esifundeni yesihlanu (CRR Isikimu 2014) "Imigwaqo" uqashe inkampani «Ring Road."

uxhaso

Ngokwemvelo, ukuqaliswa iyiphi iphrojekthi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwezimali ezanele. Njengamanje, isinqumo ukuthi kokuthola imali ukuze kwakhiwe Ring Road izobanjelwa kusukela isabelomali isimo futhi abatshali zimali yangasese.

Imali ephelele yale iphrojekthi balinganiselwa ku ruble yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane 350, kodwa ngenxa ukwehla kwamandla kazwelonke futhi ukuvela izindleko ezingalindelekile, kungaba ukwandisa.

Umphakathi futhi namahemuhemu ukusetshenziswa okungagunyaziwe kwezimali abelwe iphrojekthi.

Main izici lobuchwepheshe komgwaqo

Manje ake sibheke izici eziyinhloko lobuchwepheshe ithrekhi, esihlinzeka uhlelo olusha Ring Road ngo-2014.

Ubude ingqikithi umzila kumele kube 529,9 km. Inani bands ngeke ifane kusuka 3 kuya 8. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakhiwa kwalo mngcele ngokwahlukana Kusolwa. Ezigabeni umzila ezivamile isivinini kuvunyelwe kuyinto 80 km / h futhi ngesivinini - 140 km / h. Kodwa ngokuvumelana yakamuva okhokhelwayo abashayeli kuyodingeka bakhokhe imali.

ukwakhiwa sites

Yini ukwakhiwa Ring Road izigaba izohlukaniswa? ISu 2014 izokwenza sikwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukuqaphela Project kusikisela ukwakhiwa izakhiwo ezinhlanu kokuqala. Owokuqala uyoba uhlukanise noma izingxenye ezimbili CRR (Isikimu 2014). Imigomo 1 uzoba ubude 49,5 km. Ekuqaleni kwalo kulindeleke phakathi kwedolobha Domodedovo esifundeni eMoscow, futhi ekugcineni - ku Naro-Fominsk wesifunda, esifundeni eMoscow. Isayithi futhi ngeke agijime ngokusebenzisa Podolsk wesifunda esifundeni laseMoscow kanye zintathu wesifunda yenhloko-dolobha. Kuyoba aphambana othelawayeka ezifana M-4 "don" "eCrimea" M-2, A-110 no-Kaluzhskoe onguthelawayeka MMK-107.

Eyesibili ingxenye CRR ziqala at kwalapho ne yesihlanu sokuqala eziyinkimbinkimbi naphambi elula yesibili kokuwela eziyinkimbinkimbi eziqala Minsk onguthelawayeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyobe ukuwela Kiev onguthelawayeka. nobude bawo 68,5 km. Kuzoze eduze Naro-Fominsk wesifunda esifundeni laseMoscow kanye zintathu wesifunda yenhloko-dolobha.

Ubude isamba kokuqala eziyinkimbinkimbi lokuqala kuyoba 118 km, kanye uhlelo yokuqala, ukwakhiwa yayo kufanele libe seliqediwe ngo ekupheleni 2016.

Eyesibili eziyinkimbinkimbi qala-up

Eyesibili kokuqala eziyinkimbinkimbi iqala kusuka uliqede ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo nomendo lokuqala Minsky ligijime kuze eMoscow Indandatho engaphandle futhi isiphetho Tuchkovo ku-CRR (Isikimu 2014). Ruza wesifunda, okubandakanya emzaneni, ngakho kakhulu azofakwa lo mgwaqo. I-track sesibili kwethulwa sakhiwo sizoba aphambana ne Volokolamsk naseLeningrad onguthelawayeka. Sekukonke it din kuyinto km 100.

Ukwakhiwa kwehlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kwethulwa izoqala emva bonke abanye (e 2018) kanye nosuku kokuqedwa lokugcina ngisho hhayi ngokunembile echaziwe.

Ulwazi mayelana lwesithathu kwethulwa eziyinkimbinkimbi

Ubude ingxenye yesithathu CRR kuyoba 105,3 km. Kuzobakhuthaza elise phakathi lesihlanu nelesine ukuqala eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze yokugcina kwakhe uzojoyina at kwalapho ne Gorky onguthelawayeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzila niyaliwela leli eziyinkimbinkimbi ne Yaroslavl futhi Dmitrovsky onguthelawayeka. It izobanjelwa ngokuphelele endaweni esifundeni laseMoscow, ngaphandle ukweqa imikhawulo edolobheni laseMoscow.

Ukwakhiwa kwalesi ingxenye Ring Road ihlelelwe ukuqala ngo-2016 futhi igcwaliswe - e 2018, kodwa kokubili imigomo kungenziwa sigudluke phezulu.

Idatha kwi lesine eziyinkimbinkimbi qala-up

Eyesine kokuqala eziyinkimbinkimbi bayolala phakathi wokuqala nowesithathu. Qala-ke kuyoba ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo Gorky onguthelawayeka, futhi ekugcineni - Kashirskoye, lapho izohlangana kokuqala eziyinkimbinkimbi kuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le sayithi kuyodingeka inezimpabano ne Ryazan onguthelawayeka.

Ubude ingqikithi esigabeni sesine, endleleni kuyoba 63,6 km. Njengoba isigaba sesithathu asebenzayo komgwaqo is ngokuphelele aphethwe esifundeni Moscow.

Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa le ngxenye Ring Road ehleliwe 2016-2018 GG.

Ukuqala eziyinkimbinkimbi CRR № 5

Owesihlanu kokuqala eziyinkimbinkimbi lifushane. Ubude kuyoba 76,0 kuphela km. Kuqala kusukela kwalapho kuya engxenyeni yokuqala futhi eduze lwesithathu, intersecting nge Kiev, Minsk, futhi Volokolamskoye Leningrad omkhulu bese uvala CRR (Isikimu 2014). Istra wesifunda zokugcina inhlangano zokuphatha okuyiwona umzila uphasisa eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ekhulwini lesihlanu kwethulwa onguthelawayeka eziyinkimbinkimbi enkulu obuphelele khulula ingxenye Kancanyane. Kudingeka nokuba ucacise ngisho eyodwa isici kulesi sigaba Central Ring Road (Isikimu 2014). Zvenigorod lapho sidlula, kuba omunye kwasezindaweni ezimbalwa, ukuqamba amanga ngqo endleleni endleleni. Iningi lolunye zokuhlala kushiya.

Ukuqaliswa ukwakhiwa isayithi kwakuhlelwa uqale kusenesikhathi ungagcina 2015 futhi igcwaliswe ngo-2018. Kodwa, ngenxa isikhathi shift, umsebenzi uzoqala ngo-February 2016.

amathemba

Ngakho, ukuqaliswa kwe-project Central Ring Road uzokhulula kakhulu endleleni e Moscow, kanye nezinye imigwaqo dlula yenhloko-dolobha, okuzokwenza kakhulu ukunciphisa inani isiminyaminya, ukwandisa ukuthi lingakanani ijubane lokuya kwezithuthi kanye neqhaza ukwehlisa izinga zokukhandleka we endleleni.

Futhi ku izigaba ephezulu ijubane Ring Road sihlelelwe ukwethula yokugibela. Kuyasiza ukuheha abatshalizimali yangasese iphrojekthi, kanye esikhathini esizayo siyoba umthombo obengeziwe umthamo wemvula.

Kodwa uma yasekuqaleni ukuqedela ukwakhiwa komgwaqo e-2018, kodwa manje lezi izinsuku elibuyekeziwe kakhulu okwandisa. Okwamanje, kwaqedwa kuhlelwe ngayo yonke imisebenzi kuboniswa usuku kuka iminyaka 2022-2025. Nokho, i-ingxenye annular ka Ring Road namanje ihlelelwe ibe seyisebenza kuze 2018. Ngemva kwalokho, kusakhiwa ihholo ngizoya yesibili uxhumano ukuqala nge eMoscow indandatho enkulu, kanye umthamo we-traffic ye imizila kumasayithi ekhona CRR.

abashayeli kakhulu e eMoscow nesifunda bheka ngethemba imiphumela esizayo futhi kulindeleke yephrojekthi.