Ukusebenza kagesi: izici jikelele, formula ukubaluleka esisebenzayo

Yiqiniso physics kuyaziwa ukuthi esinye sezici sehlangano yikhono layo ukwenza umsebenzi, kusukela yokugcina akuyona nje ukuguquka omunye hlobo luni lwamandla kolunye (isib kokuphakelwa Kinetic). Kufanele ikhumbule umthetho owaziwa ukulondolozwa amandla, zavela ekhulwini XVIII MV Lomonosov, owawuthi amandla ungalokothi futhi alipheli, nje eshintsha, uthatha uhlobo oluhlukile. Konke okungenhla kusebenza ngendlela efanayo hhayi kuphela ukudla okuqinile, kodwa futhi kwezinye izinhlobo ndaba, kuhlanganise ukuba zamanje kagesi.

Kagesi, njengoba sekuyisikhathi eside kungase kutholakale - esivusa iqondiswe izinhlayiya icala. Ukuhambisa ajikelete ingxenye ethize, izinhlayiya yakha inkambu kagesi, okwenza umsebenzi. Ukusebenza kwe-kagesi lamanje - kuba ubungako bamandla ukuthi kumelwe kwenziwe ukuhambisa bakhokhise ngalokhu wesifunda. Kulokhu, hhayi wonke umsebenzi wamanje kuyasiza futhi eziphumelelayo. Engingakusho ingxenye appreciable amandla esichithwa okuthile ukuze zinqobe lo ukumelana icala zikagesi izinhlayiya aphansi e-circuit umqhubi futhi umthombo.

Wokuqashwa i kagesi, ifomula zazo, kanje kusukela umbhalo ngaphezulu unikezwa, A = U • Q, kuyinto isici ebalulekile yalolu hlobo oluthile ndaba. Kulesi ifomula, U kuyinto umehluko ezingaba (voltage) engxenyeni chain, futhi Q - ambalwa Inkulumo icala athuthwe kule ingxenye.

Nokho, umsebenzi ngokwawo kagesi kungaba okunabileko, uma kukhona alutholakalanga iphethini, ukuxhumanisa lo msebenzi kanye nenani ezikhishwe le energy ezishisayo. Le ndlela cishe kanyekanye wavula physics owaziwa - Lenz futhi Jody Prescott, Ngakho-ke, umthetho emphakathini yesayensi wethiwa igama elithi "umthetho Joule sika." Ngokusho kwalo mthetho, kuvela ukuthi lemali (noma amandla) ukushisa eyakhululwa ivolumu kuchazwe ngesikhathi ukugeleza therethrough izinhlayiya icala umsebenzi oqondile lomkhiqizo amandla yasensimini ukuminyana egeleza ngokusebenzisa ingxenye esebenzayo ye kagesi. Lo mthetho kubaluleke kakhulu sokubalwa ukulahlekelwa ugesi ngesikhathi sokudlulisa ngokusebenzisa izintambo phezu amabanga amade.

Wokuqashwa i kagesi kuhlobene nomunye ukubaluleka ezibalulekile - okukhiphayo. Ngaphansi kwamandla zamanje ukuqonda physics kanye nobuntu ambalwa ukuguqulela i kagesi amandla amazinga okudluliseka. Amandla kukalwa kilowatt-amahora, kuyilapho yokusebenza umsinga kagesi - e Joules.

Ukuze esiphezulu amandla lamanje emthonjeni ethile kufanele inake izici umthombo, nokuthi Ukumelana ngaphakathi kufanele kube iyahambisana nomunye kanye wesifunda zangaphandle, kungenjalo wonke umsebenzi ekhiqizwa uya ukuba banqobe umehluko resistances.

Wokuqashwa i kagesi kuyinto isici esibalulekile emzimbeni okuyinto kufanele kubhekwe cishe kuyo yonke imikhakha yezezimboni kanye ekukhiqizeni ukudluliswa kwamandla olude.