Yini voltage

Nge welithi "voltage" sonke kufanele abhekane cishe nsuku zonke, ngoba indawo ukusetshenziswa akugcini kuphela zikagesi. Lokhu umbani ngesikhathi imvula, futhi enenza ku ikamu plastic kanye izingubo nezindwangu zokwenziwa nokunye.

ulimi Dry Academic inikeza ncazelo elandelayo lomkhuba: voltage - kuyinto ubuningi ngokomzimba ekhombisa isamba owenziwa icala 1 C (coulomb) ukusebenza. Pendant yena, kubonisa inani ophethe ulahlekile impahla conductive 1 yesibili a samanje 1 A.

Libuye kuvunyelwe kwenye definition, owawuthi voltage iyona ratio umsebenzi owenziwa ensimini kagesi kwi ukunyakaza isivivinyo (probe) icala phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili, nenani kwamanani lo myalo. Kulokhu kucatshangwa ukuthi ukudluliswa icala akuphazamisi umehluko ezingaba (voltage ayishintshi), futhi indlela ukunyakaza kungenziwa indiva. Ngo ifomula le ncazelo kulotshiwe kanje:

U = A / q,

lapho U - voltage, A - umsebenzi, q - kwenkokhelo.

Ukuze ukhumbule lokho voltage elinganisiwe, asikho isidingo e yokufunda, ngoba ithiphu uhlale ususondele, kusukela yonke imithombo zamanje kubonisa voltage value futhi ubukhulu bayo: kwanele ukubheka noma yimuphi ibhethri. Unit - V (B, V).

Amagama athi "voltage" ngokuba DC futhi AC izifunda zihlukile. Ngo kushintshana zamanje, elinesimo gqwa sinusoid nokuwela kwawo zero iphuzu, isetshenziselwa ukubala akuyona leso, futhi RMS value. Lena sibonga kungenzeka yokuthi umsebenzi wakhe nge umthwalo asebenzayo komugqa okuhambelana anda kuya DC voltage.

Labo sathola ithuba ukubhekana ezintathu okhombisa izinjini, ngokuqinisekile yabhekisela okufakile babezizwe passport izici. Lapho, ngokusebenzisa unhlangothi kubonisa voltages ezimbili ezifana 220/380 V Akukho inkinga lapho, ngempela, imishini uyakwazi sokuqhuba ezahlukene amagugu yokusebenza ezimbili. Kukuphi lapho inethiwekhi 380 kungathatha 220? It kuvela, voltage kungaba isigaba noma yomugqa, kuye ngokuthi indlela yokukala. Isigaba is latholakala ngokulinganisa indawo umehluko phakathi isigaba ngasinye kanye umqhubi hlangothi, futhi eqondile - phakathi babashayeli isigaba. By oxhumanisa wesifunda umthwalo ngendlela unxantathu, umuntu angabona uthole komugqa nelinganayo isigaba voltages, futhi banakekele izifunda "inkanyezi" simiswe izikhathi 1.73 komugqa kancane.

voltmeter - idivayisi ekhethekile isetshenziselwa ukukala voltage. Sici Its main - isidingo ukuxhuma tokosnimayuschih iphenya yonkana umthwalo. High ukumelana yangaphakathi akusho ukwethula ukuhlanekezela shunting. Yingakho, isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa ekhaya kungase kube ukuxhumana ngqo kundawo (ngokungafani ammeter kufaka wesifunda).

Kodwa ake storey ifomula izifundiswa kanye ukuhlola, uyini "voltage kagesi", ngolimi womuntu elula. Ngakho, umehluko ngaphandle kwenkokhiso (engaba) phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili ngokungadingekile umqhubi noma ensimini kagesi. Umthombo esibangela ukunyakaza wokuba umbhidisi electron (generator, ibhethri) yakha kolunye kokuchichimileyo kwabo, kanye nezinye - ezingezinhle. Ngakho, ukubaluleka kwengosi kuba amacala ubuye ezahlukene. Ubufakazi obanelisayo ukuxhuma lezi amaphuzu noma yimuphi medium kokuqhuba, kwenzeke futhi kagesi - ukuhamba izinhlayiya icala, ivame iwukudambisa lo mehluko. Ngamanye amazwi, lamanje eqala athomu imvelo nenshisekelo esimweni ezinzile, ukuphazamiseka kazibuthe generator. Amaphaphu angaba khona ngaphandle zamanje uma ukumelana phakathi amaphuzu likhulu. Lokhu kuchaza yokuthi amabhethri abangalwazi "ukulwa wamanje."