Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens) - ukubukeka, ekuhlanganiseni imvelo yemvelo nezenhlalo

Homo sapiens noma Homo sapiens, kusukela yaqala ukuba uye washintsha eziningi - kokubili isakhiwo umzimba, futhi, intuthuko engokomoya nomphakathi.

Ukuvela abantu abaye baba yesimanje nokubukeka okungokomzimba (uhlobo) kanye ushintshe abantu basendulo esenzeka Upper Paleolithic. amathambo abo ayehambisana eyaqala ukutholwa ngawo-sivale indlela engena emgedeni Kromanon eFrance, ngakho abantu yalolu hlobo ziye okuthiwa Cro-magnon. Lokho kwaba esivela eziyinkimbinkimbi zonke izici eziyinhloko bokuphila ukuthi zivamile kithi. ukuthuthukiswa abo engqondo uqhathaniswa AmaNeanderthal kwafinyelela izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. It ososayensi Cro bakholwe okhokho bethu oqondile.

Okwesikhathi esithile, lo uhlobo lwabantu ziphila ndawonye nezinkawu nezingwenya AmaNeanderthal, kamuva lapha emhlabeni ukuzosifela njengomhlatshelo Cro-Magnons lwalwakhiwa bazivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo. ngamathuluzi Lokho banayo zivela ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, futhi esikhundleni ngaphezulu eyinkimbinkimbi kusetshenzwe ethanjeni nophondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izinhlobo eziningi zalezi amathuluzi - kukhona zonke izinhlobo sokuzivivinya, scrapers, harpoons kanye izinaliti. Lokhu kwenza abantu abaningi esizimele izimo zezulu futhi likuvumela ukuhlola indawo entsha. Homo sapiens futhi bashintshe ngenhlonipho kubadala, kunokuhlobana phakathi izizukulwane - ngokuqhubeka amasiko, ukudluliswa isipiliyoni kanye nolwazi.

Kufinyeta okungenhla, kungenzeka ukuthi uqokomisa izici eyinhloko kumiswa zinhlobo Homo sapiens:

1. okuthuthuka ngokomoya futhi ngokomqondo, nokwagcina kuholela ukuzazi kanye nokuthuthukiswa ekubeni nekhono lokuhlaziya. Ngenxa yalokho - ukuvela zobuciko, njengoba kufakazelwa emhumeni imidwebo imidwebo;
2. pronunciation uyiqaphuqaphu imisindo (ukuvela inkulumo);
3. isifiso sokuthola ulwazi yokudlulisela ukuba abantu bakubo;
4. ukudalwa, amathuluzi amasha okuthuthukile zomsebenzi;
5. Neolithic Revolution, lapho wavumela ezinokuthula (domesticated) izilwane futhi sihlakulele izitshalo zasendle.

Le micimbi ibe isehlakalo esibaluleke kakhulu endimeni ukuthuthukiswa yomuntu. Bavumela kuye ukuba bazibuse imvelo kanye ngisho ukulawula ezinye izinhlangothi zalo. Homo sapiens futhi kamuva sibhekana nezinguquko, ebaluleke kunazo zonke lapho iba inqubekela-phambili yesayensi lwezobuchwepheshe.

Sibambe izinzuzo impucuko yesimanje, intuthuko, abantu basazama ukusungula igunya phezu emvelo: ekushintsheni ukugeleza emifuleni, nkinga emaxhaphozini, populating insimu lapho ukuphila ayekade engenakwenzeka.

Ngokusho ngezigaba yesimanje, uhlobo "Homo sapiens" uhlukaniswe zenyathi ezimbili - "Homo sapiens idaltu Man" futhi "ocabangelayo Homo sapiens." ukwahlukana okunjalo ku zenyathi yavela ngemva kokutholakala ngo-1997 kwezinsalela, eyayintula ezinye izici ezifanayo kanye amathambo endoda izici yokwakheka yesimanje womuntu, ikakhulu - usayizi Yekhanda.

Ngokusho idatha kwesayensi, Homo sapiens wabonakala iminyaka eyinkulungwane 70-60 edlule, futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi ukhona njengoba oluthile lwento ephilayo, ke kwaba ngcono bedle ibutho kwezenhlalo, ngoba i-yokwakheka nesakhiwo bokuphila akukho izinguquko.