Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukukhiqizwa

Man zehluleka ukwanelisa izidingo zabo siqu njalo wenze imisebenzi kwezomnotho. Njengoba ukuphuza izinzuzo kunesidingo imvelo eziningi ezanele akunakwenzeka, kufanele ukukhiqiza. izidingo zabantu sanda, futhi kuqinisa ukuthuthukiswa ukukhiqiza. On ukukhiqizwa theory ukuthi zavela ezisuselwa kulesi.

Zonke izici zokukhiqiza zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezibanzi - dolobha, izinto, ukusebenza, ngasinye sazo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane. Ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzi onekhono, abasebenzi abangenamakhono, imizamo ebhizinisi ngabanye. Izinto zihlukaniswe steel, plastic, amanzi, ugesi, njll Capital kuhlanganisa izakhiwo, izimpahla kanye materials, imishini. Budlelwane emkhatsini wetincenye izici zokukhiqiza, inqubo kanye ukukhiqizwa isivuno uzwakalise ngokuya umsebenzi zokukhiqiza.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela zezici zokukhiqiza kusekelwe zakudala ezintathu aggregate, izinsika generalized - "umhlaba", bofeleba netinhlavu zabasebenzi, okuyizinto lesilingana. Ukubamba iqhaza ngamunye wabo emisebenzini kwezomnotho ngokulinganayo kunesidingo.

Umhlaba zithathwa njengeziNdawo ezingamaGugu isici yemvelo kanye primordial ezingumphumela womkhiqizo. Leli gama ihlanganisa zonke izici ezinhle anikezwa indoda ngokwemvelo (izwe ngokwalo, amaminerali, imithombo yamanzi , njll). Imfundiso lomtshikatshika ukukhiqizwa kunquma ukuthi izinto ezenziwa abantu, ikhono imfundo, isipiliyoni, amakhono, asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo ewusizo. Capital - iqoqo amathuluzi zomsebenzi lisetshenziswe ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla (amasevisi). Namuhla, njengoba isici esihlukile zokukhiqiza kubhekwa umsebenzi ebhizinisi, okuletha ndawonye zonke nezinye izinto, ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana kwabo ngosizo bathatha isinyathelo kuqala, ulwazi, ingozi biko. Lolu hlobo Ngenxa capital womuntu.

Ukukhiqizwa theory ithatha kuphela labo izindlela zokukhiqiza ukuthi ziyasebenza. Rationality izindleko yezici ezihlukahlukene ziyonquma esiphezulu okukhipha kungenzeka ukuthi ubonisa umsebenzi zokukhiqiza. Ibonisa ivolumu okukhipha iQ, zingaba inhlanganisela ezahlukene izici.

Ngaphansi okukhipha esiphezulu bona ukusebenza engabizi, lapho zonke izici azifaka kuwo zisetshenziswa kanye nekghono enkulu kakhulu ongayicabanga. Imidwebo, umsebenzi zokukhiqiza kuboniswa isoquants (imigqa ekhombisa izindleko ngezokuthi okuyinto engenzeka okukhiphayo efanayo). indlela isoquants kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqhathanisa zonke izinketho inhlanganisela yezici bese ukhetha okungcono.

Amandla ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo ekukhiqizeni futhi ibonisa ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukukhiqizwa esebenzisa umsebenzi zokukhiqiza. Ngokwesibonelo, inhloko-dolobha futhi idla ukukhiqizwa zabasebenzi esisindisa indlela kusho ukuthi esimweni esinjalo isetshenziswa dolobha ezingaphezu kuka umsebenzi (ngaphansi kwethonya entuthukweni yezobuchwepheshe). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okhandlayo noma ozuze ngokwempahla ukulondoloza indlela yokubonisa ukuthi usebenzisa amandla okusebenza kwabantu ngaphezulu. Ngekusetjentiswa ezilinganiselwe kulezi ezimbili ngokuthi inqubo hlangothi.

Namuhla isigaba ebalulekile emnothweni kukhona izindleko. Ukukhiqizwa izindleko kuthinte margin inzuzo, kungenzeka ukunwetshwa ukukhiqizwa nokuningi. Ngakho-ke, kukhona inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela izindleko zokukhiqiza, owawuthi zonke izindleko zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezilandelayo: omphakathi, azimele, zezimali, ngokuphelele, ezengeziwe, ukukhiqizwa, yesikhathi esifushane neyesikhathi eside. Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule, theory ethandwa izindleko kuthengiselana, egxile izindleko ukuqaliswa (ukukhangisa, ukumaketha, inkonzo emakethe, kanjalonjalo.). Izindleko zihlukaniswe labo encike ivolumu zokukhiqiza, kanye nalezo musa encike kuyo. Kulesi sisekelo, bahlukene zibe fixed kanye variable.