Saratov, zintathu Cathedral: izithombe, Isheduli kwemisebenzi, namahora okusebenza, incazelo, ikheli, inombolo yocingo, umlando

On the Museum Square e Saratov kumi lasendulo Holy Trinity Cathedral. Ukuzwa izindonga futhi beshaya amakhwela Tatar imicibisholo, ngezilimi nesiyaluyalu esaba pugachovskoy igenge, futhi hoshozela kusukela uhlobo lwe-amazwi mbuso ka izikhulumi Yena wabiza "bawubhubhisa phansi nokwakha ...", kodwa-ke kufanele yakhiwe, bona babe ngalokwanele kuphela. Okuningi kwako labhujiswa phakade, kodwa elulama esigayegayeni incithakalo ithempeli elimangalisayo - ukuziqhenya nenjabulo iVolga esifundeni. Indaba lokuzalwa kwakhe kufanele uqale, abuyele Emakhulwini amane eminyaka adlule.

Ngokhuni eyandulela Cathedral

Ngo-1590, lapho umbusi zenzisa Fyodor Ivanovich, wasungula abacibisheli phezu iVolga emfuleni patrol emzini othiwa Saratov. Mayelana kwalokho, kwamanye amasonto wathandaza abantu Orthodox emashumini okuqala okuba khona yayo, ulwazi engakaze walondoloza, kodwa ukuthi 1674 umbhishobhi wabusisa Astrakhan Parfeny ukwakhela olulodwa ngu esigcawini edolobheni esontweni yesikhashana wokhuni igama zintathu Ongcwele ezaziwayo.

besonto Zeal yayakhiwe phezu kakhulu endaweni lapho manje simi edumile ezweni lonke zintathu Cathedral (Saratov idolobha). Eminyakeni eyishumi wayekhonze iSonto ukuze kusindiswe imiphefumulo yabantu, kodwa 1684 uJehova kwenzeka e Saratov umlilo omkhulu - isivakashi njalo ubudala amadolobha Russian ngokhuni, futhi wabhidliza ukuzilwela lwamakholi umlilo ethempelini.

Wahlala endaweni esontweni abanye Amalahle - besonto usizi, futhi wesigodlo yayo archpriest Ignatius (Danilov) ngakho ekubhujisweni jikelele. Bahamba baya brow beat Astrakhan Metropolitan Savvaty ukuvumela ukwakhiwa lombhishobhi itshe nesibusiso yayo Episcopal ukwenziwa isipele imali abanye, okuyinto ku into enjalo kudingeka inombolo preizryadno.

I isiphakamiso sokwakha isakhiwo itshe

Nokho, kuthiwani-ke ngomklamo imali ayaziwa, nesibusiso Bishop naye asinikwa, ngisho waveza nalokho ekufuze izici kufanele kube ezahlukene lombhishobhi esizayo kusukela nozakwabo, ezihlukahlukene esakhiwe ngaleso sikhathi e-Russia ongcwele. Nge kokuthola izinhlamvu umsebenzi Metropolitan ayiqala ngokwethukela edolobheni, futhi kwakuthatha wonke Orthodox Saratov iqhaza. Zintathu Cathedral Yakhiwa hhayi kuphela imali yabantu, okungukuthi, ngeminikelo yokuzithandela izakhamuzi, kodwa nezandla zabo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi wonke umsebenzi ezazingeke zidinge amakhono akhethekile, ezenziwa amalungu esonto esizayo esaziwa.

Lapho sebuphelele ngo-1659, wathunyelwa ezivela e-Astrakhan Archimandrite uJosefa okukhulu konke okusemandleni uhlole lombhishobhi entsha futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo lingcweliswe kokubili ethempelini lakhe - phezulu, egameni zintathu Ongcwele, kanye aphansi, behlonipha kweNyuka iNcasakazi eCwebileyo. Kuze kube manje uye wahlala isenzo ukwamukelwa, ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela Archimandrite. Kuyo okhandlayo ubala zonke izici design yalesi sakhiwo, futhi iningi zonke abayinakanga ukunethezeka ezingavamile kakhulu emathempelini yesifundazwe kuhhavini Dutch setha esitezi sokuqala futhi wambozwa "tile emangalisayo."

imililo okusha nezinhlekelele

Kodwa kuhhavini, ethwele endlini efudumele futhi ethokomele, ithule nengozi samanje. Ngakho ngo-1712 ewa umuntu kusukela ngaphansi Ember yensimbi yesivalo esivuthayo, futhi, kwaphinde Saratov, neziningi zezakhiwo okuyinto babesayenza ezenziwe ngokhuni. Lokhu umlilo wehla emlandweni njengoba esibi kunazo futhi ebuhlungu zonke ezenzeka edolobheni selokhu aba khona.

Nge ubuhlungu echazwe wesimanje yilokhu waphenduka umlilo ingcwele main omuzi. Roof, emafasiteleni, eminyango kanye nazo zonke ezinye izingxenye zokhuni zika isakhiwo ziphele nya, kusale kuphela lwamathambo itshe embozwe umule. Killed futhi ocebile lombhishobhi ingaphakathi sakhiwa iminikelo abathanda ebandleni.

Nokho, umuntu eRussia lokhu ukumangala? Umlando amathempeli eminingi yasendulo - uchungechunge okuqhubekayo imililo nokululama kwayo. Lokho abantu Saratov Orthodox, lusizi, lagibela le capsule ngoba Dimes futhi UAH ukulungisa ngilahlekile. Umsebenzi kaNkulunkulu - ngako akusoze kwaphikwa.

Lakhuphuka emlotheni

Abavuka ngemva umlilo, Saratov zintathu Cathedral wabheka kangcono kunakuqala. Refectory izibuya yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi ziye yinde futhi oxhumene nemengamo. Ngo engxenyeni engenhla isakhiwo esakhiwe igalari ezimboziwe, okubaluleke kakhulu, umbhoshongo insimbi. Ngalezo zikhathi it is hhayi kuphela obize ukushaya izinsimbi pilgrim, kodwa futhi wakhonza njengephayona sikulesikhathi kuyiphi ubuka ekusondeleni AmaTatar, kuze 1717 atheleka ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi zicekele phansi nedlelo.

Kabusha lombhishobhi, egcwele phetho umlilo isingamakhilomitha engaphezu kweyishumi. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso umcimbi ehlela umlando Saratov. Ngo-1722, uya umkhankaso Persian, wayevakashela umbusi odlulayo Potr Veliky nomkakhe, uMbusikazi uCatherine I. ezigcinwe zomlando edolobheni irekhodi ukuthi inkosi uqobo wagibela yezinsiza ezimboze wokwakha isonto elithile, futhi, zaziwa hang in lokubaza futhi ibhizinisi ukwakhiwa, futhi wanikeza iziqondiso ezinengqondo kakhulu.

Ngo-1774, uJehova wathuma Saratov ukuhlolwa entsha. Ngo-May, kwakungekho-lakhiwa nini njalo umkhandlu umlilo kakhulu ezilimele ethempelini engenhla futhi lowo muzi wahlangabezana ehlasela ehlobo lika Pugachev, asondele kuye ekuqaleni kwazo amabutho ayizinkulungwane eziningana. Iningi labo abahlala ukuthi esibalekele emahlathini nalabo ukulondolozwa ekufeni lapho ebuya, wathola endaweni amakhaya azo angaphambili kuphela umlotha, futhi labo abasala khona, sithembele intando kaNkulunkulu, eziningi ukuphila okulula, izisulu 'akanangqondo futhi abangenasihe "ukuvukela ishanelwe phakathi kwezinye amadolobha, futhi Saratov. Nokho, uZiqu-zintathu Cathedral izihlubuki, belingazithintanga.

Omkhulu Russian "mhlawumbe"

Esigabeni esilandelayo emlandweni lombhishobhi wakhe uhlanganisa inkathi esukela 1786 kuya 1811 futhi umfanekiso ejwayelekile kakhulu zokuphila Russian. Iqiniso liwukuthi maphakathi nawo-Eighties phezu olungaphambili lwesonto uvele futhi baqala kancane kancane ukwandisa ayangena - umphumela ezisobala design amaphutha noma ukwakhiwa ngomshado. Njengoba kulesi simo lombhishobhi kwaba ingozi (kungaba igoqe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi), umbhishobhi elibusayo ethunyelwe umbusi ukuze ukuqaqa ngokuphelele isakhiwo eziphuthumayo kanye endaweni yayo ukwakha entsha.

Kucacile ukuthi kuphela Ukudilizwa isakhiwo itshe elikhulu kudinga imali eningi, bese kuphela ukwakhiwa entsha - nakakhulu. Nokho, uthando lokufunda ukufunda nokubhala umbhishobhi sika-ke kwadingeka eziningi izilokotho ezinhle, kodwa imali akuyona kwathiwa igama. Izakhamuzi zedolobha, nazo zonke ukulunga kwawo, esilinganayo ayikwazanga eziqoqiwe.

Ngakho-ke wanquma, ukuze intando kaNkulunkulu kodwa Russian omkhulu "mhlawumbe", lombhishobhi kungaqali abaseduze, futhi baqhubeke bekhulekela ke, kwaba kubi nakakhulu iminyaka eminingi, thina ngakujwayela kuye. Wasekhuleka Saratovites, warily nomuntu obuka ophahleni, kuze 1795, ngenkathi ezivela e-Astrakhan olusemthethweni sabefundisi kufika nge inkomba esiqinile seal ethempelini ngokushesha.

lombhishobhi Locked wema kuze 1800, kuze kube izakhamuzi abangazange yanquma: ngikhuphukile namanje abazange ziwile, khona iNkosi uyokulwa. Phrinta isuswe, inkonzo liqale, kodwa elisungulwe ikomidi ethempelini, ehlanganisa izakhamuzi zokuhlonipha komuzi. Umsebenzi wakhe ahlole njalo izindonga unikeze umbono esisemthethweni - noma cha ukukhasa. iminyaka eyishumi nanye ka amadoda ehloniphekayo abangu ababeqondisa imibiko, lapho lokulungisiswa kuphela ukuze kuqhutshwe umsebenzi wethempeli kwaba isihe sikaNkulunkulu.

Ekugcineni, ngo-1811, usozimboni zendawo hydrochloric ocebile MA Ustinov ngezindleko zakhe siqu wenze imizamo yokuqinisa isakhiwo. Izindonga zawo amenyezelwa izimbambo eqinile mpo - buttresses, isitheke emehlweni wabo yamisa igalari ezimboziwe umpheme esinezitezi ezimbili. Lakhe emibhalweni siqu ophahleni lokhuni isigubungelo salandelwa nge-ayina, futhi ngaphakathi ahlelwe iconostasis entsha ocebile. Ngalolo futhi waqeda nkathi, eyadonsa ncamashi a yingxenye yesine yekhulu leminyaka, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho Cathedral ivaliwe - ziyowa ke kabusha wavula - UNkulunkulu unesihe. Kwase kudlule Kulokhu - njalo kuyoba njalo!

Isikhathi ukuchuma lombhishobhi

Ngo 1826, lo muzi waphinde wakha ngayingcwelisa thempeli entsha anikezelwe St. Alexander saseNevsky. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, laliyisikhungo emhlabeni lapho ukuphila kwakhe ukuthanda izinto ezingokomoya Saratov. Zintathu Cathedral waba abavamile lesifunda esontweni, kodwa uye wathola eminyakeni yomlando walo uthando Saratov, wajabulela okunamathiselwe zabo futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, iminikelo. Ngakho, ngo-1836 ngowokuqala inhlangano yomthengisi F. Ya. Pulkinym kokubili Refectory Bandla Izindlwana kwanezelwa, adiliza esikhathini ngempela namaSoviet futhi ngeke esekhona.

Ukuqala XX leminyaka kwaphawulwa Amalungiselelo umsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha futhi ukuvuselelwa kwethempeli. ekomidini ukuqaliswa yabo lamiswa, eliholwa Iphini umbusi Saratov - State iKhansela VN-Azancheevym Azanchevsky nesekela lakhe - li Archpriest Gennady (Mahrovskim). IKomiti bafeza uhlelo lokuthuthukiswa ukwakhiwa kanye nokubuyiselwa umsebenzi kwenziwe okuye uvinjelwe izenzakalo kuka-1917, uyithola ishanelwe Saratov.

iminyaka Ubude yokuvukela

Zintathu Cathedral kwaba on esigcawini, egcwele kule nkathi, isikhungo sezombusazwe komuzi. Yena njalo wathatha emihlanganweni izinguquko kanye anti-zenkolo, sithathelwe indawo ukwabelana izinhlangano ezehlukene kanye nokunyakaza, kuhlanganise nezindima elidumile ngokuthi "Phansi nge-amahloni!" UNQUMA uGunyazo ubunqunu sefomu kuphela kungenzeka kokulingana.

Lasinda XVIII leminyaka ayehlasela Pugachev, Saratov futhi shí okwakwenzeka yokweqa umthetho futhi nangobudlova. Waqala baboshwa ngobuningi babefundisi amalungu kunazo asebenzayo. Ngo-September 1919 ngaphandle kwenkokhiso noma isivivinyo badutshulwe Umphathi zintathu Cathedral Archpriest Gennady (Mahrovsky) kanye nezinye izindawo eziningana lapho abefundisi kuphela, futhi kamuva ngenyanga wathatha umqhele nokufel 'ukholo isinqumo umbhishobhi besifunda-bhishobhi Saratov futhi abaningi ayebambisene.

Kakade namathathu banesifo esibi ekuseni, cishe zonke amasonto e Saratov wayeka umsebenzi wabo, abaningi babo kwabhujiswa. Kuvaliwe futhi Holy Trinity Cathedral. Umuzi Saratov wagcwala libonwe isikali yayo futhi savagery yomkhankaso ongakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona. Itshe lesikhumbuzo bokwakha isonto, ababebalelwa ngaleso sikhathi eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu zonke emlandweni wayo, aqala ukusetshenziswa njengoba izimpahla, bese uzimisele zidilizwe uma okuthandwa amalungu umphakathi omusha sezenhlalo.

Ukulwela ukukhipha ethempelini

Futhi ngabe wabelane isiphetho abaningi irretrievably elahlekile amathempeli Russia kaNkulunkulu, kodwa kwakukhona abantu zazingamesabi amavoti cast umusa. Kwakungekhona kuphela ebandleni, kodwa ingxenye engcono kakhulu nezazi ezisemadolobheni. Lo mkhankaso main yabonisa izisebenzi kanye nabasebenzi University of Saratov iminyuziyamu edolobheni. Kusukela side yabo ke wayebonisa isibindi civil engenakulinganiswa, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi, noma yisiphi isenzo ngokumelene umugqa Party, kuhlanganisa umzabalazo wokulwa inkolo, sekubhekwa njengengxenye anti-isimo futhi kungaholela nemiphumela edabukisayo.

Kodwa umzabalazo wabo waba ethwele impumelelo - zintathu Cathedral e Saratov ngasinda, nakuba Lahlala inoperative. Lokhu kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba yilapho isimo esiyingozi e ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe ayizange ophoqelelwe uhulumeni ukuba aphinde acabange salo sengqondo sokungafuni maqondana inkolo, ngoba akubheka njengesono esingathí uyithonya elinamandla uyakwazi yokubuthanela abantu ukuba amnike amandla ayewadinga ukuze anqobe isitha. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kule minyaka babesendlini futhi sisebenza, amasonto amaningi, ngaphambili ivaliwe futhi isetshenziselwe izidingo zasendlini.

Ngo-October 1942, umsebenzi kuqaliswa futhi-zintathu Cathedral (Saratov). Incazelo leyo minyaka ke uyakwazi ukugcwalisa inhliziyo njalo ubuhlungu abantu - hhayi kuphela emakholweni, kodwa umane ezihlobene ne novalo umlando wethu siqu. Izigangi, ElingenaNkulunkulu obubusa izandla wayekade iminyaka eminingi, wasihlephula iconostasis, ziphangwe sacristy, eshise izincwadi bezenkolo.

Nokho, abantu besonto ashisayo umthandazo sekuqala ukufudumala eliyincithakalo futhi abandayo zintathu Cathedral (Saratov). Luhlelo amasevisi - obuncane iphepha ezavela emnyango wakhe - kwaba lesibonakaliso sokuqala kwentwasahlobo ezingokomoya kabani sikhathi lase nakanjani. Futhi waya. izithunywa wakubo baye baba izinkulungwane zabantu abeza ethempelini ekuseni iminyaka ngemva kwempi, iningi labo omakadebona izolo.

Ukubuyiselwa umhlobiso angaphakathi Cathedral iminyaka eminingi ukusakazeka. Isizathu ububha abantu. Abantu kuyiswe ethempelini kuphela labo amathuluzi amancane ukuthi kwakunzima ngaye dweba aphume ibhajethi umndeni ubala, kodwa imali ifike ayethathe izikhulu zikahulumeni ubuyise "Soviet Ukuthula Isikhwama" yabo.

Ukuthuthukiswa Obalulekile iphutha kuphela zamashumi amahlanu okuqala, lapho abadumile umculi paleshanina PL Parilov kulotshelwe lombhishobhi amane izithonjana zifakwe iconostasis yesonto yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ke wakwazi ukubamba olungaphambili lwesonto imisebenzi eminingi. Kuze kube sekupheleni Eighties zintathu Cathedral (Saratov), isithombe zazo okusesihlokweni esithi, wahlala elinye lamasonto amabili akhona ezisemadolobheni.

Okuhle ushintsho nineties

Isenzakalo esibalulekile empilweni lo Holy Trinity Cathedral kwaba nokuhambela kwakhe oNgcwele Alexy II ngo-1993, futhi wazivalela Nowaphezulu - ngowokuqala emlandweni chetyrohvekovuyu Saratov, owakhonza ke Primate ka Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia.

Nokho, ukuze sifinyelele lisebukhazikhazini balo wamanje, yonke imininingwane ngokuphinda ukubukeka wangaphambili, namanje uhambo olude olukhandlayo ngezikebhe kwakufanele athathe zintathu Cathedral (Saratov). Ivula amahora kwakusabalulekile elinganiselwe. Kodwa kabusha esilethe ukuphila ezweni elisha, noma kunalokho, elidala, kodwa ukubukwa zangaphambi wamavukelambuso zenkolo ezindabeni zokholo. Ngenxa yalokhu wonke umuntu angazinqumela ukuthi kusho ukuthini eya ethempelini nokuthi kufanele akhulekelwe kanjani ezindaweni ezingcwele ukulungele ngoba.

Inkululeko inkolo uyekile kube isimemezelo awunalutho. Kodwa yokwakha kabusha ilethe izinkinga, kuhlanganise impahla. Ezweni lonke, ethembekileyo phinda wayethunjiwe kuzo phambi emathempelini ezithombe, wakhuluma ibuyiselwa edingekayo izimali eside, ezazingekho esikhathini isabelomali edolobheni. Ngangingenabo kubo, futhi Saratov. Zintathu Cathedral, umlando ukwakhiwa kanye ukuhloba okuyinto kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa ngeminikelo yokuzithandela amalungu esonto, futhi wasala ubumpofu.

Izinguquko eze ukuqokwa Saratov besifunda-bhishobhi umbhishobhi omusha isinqumo - Bishop Longin (Korchagin), ngubani ephethwe ngesikhathi esifushane ukuze uthole nezinto zethu ezibonakalayo, futhi ukuxoxisana ne-Ministry of Culture of nokubhalwa emsebenzini wokulungisa, futhi ukuthola nabantu abalungile. Kodwa indima eyinhloko, njalo, kudlalwa amakholwa owasiza ukukala amabutho namakhono - omunye ruble, futhi owenza umsebenzi ingenzeka.

Namuhla, emabandleni amaningi Russian wathatha indawo yayo efanele, futhi Holy Trinity Cathedral (Saratov). Uhlelo Waphezulu Services, othumele emnyango ibonisa ukuthi inkonzo kulo abazenzi ngokugcwele, olunikezwa sisekelo esontweni, njengoba kwakunjalo ngaphambili, eminyakeni pre-wamavukelambuso. Nalapha izicabha zalo avulekele ubani ufuna indlela eya kuNkulunkulu, futhi lapho nsuku zonke kuba more.

Zintathu Cathedral (Saratov): isheduli amasevisi, ikheli kanye nenombolo yocingo

Wonke umuntu oyayo esontweni, uyazi ukuthi umbuthano isevisi Charter isonto ngokuqinile ngokomthetho, owawuthi ukuphila uqhutshwa ezifundeni ngamunye. Ngokufanayo uhlela imisebenzi yayo yesonto-zintathu Cathedral (Saratov). Hlela yokukhulekela eziqhubekayo kulo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ke has izici zayo siqu, ngokuvamile, olufana nomsebenzi ezinye amathempeli.

Phakathi nezinsuku:

• Nowaphezulu at 8:00.
• Vespers, Matins futhi polyeleos at 17:00.

Phakathi namaholidi:

• I-liturgy zakuqala ngo-7: 00.
• Late Liturgy ngo-9: 00.
• Ubusuku bonke busuku ngo-17: 00.

Amadolobha aseVolga athola ukunakekelwa kwezivakashi abafuna ukuzwa umlando wesiRashiya. Kubo, ngokungangabazeki, uSaratov uyoba nesithakazelo. I-Trinity Cathedral, ikheli layo: st. UMoscow, 6 (Indawo YaseMyuziyamu), kuyoba yisigaba esicacile nesingasoze sazihamba. Yonke imininingwane emisebenzini yephasishi, umlando wayo kanye nokuzikhethela kwesimiso sezinsizakalo phakathi nalawa noma lawo maholide kungatholakala ezinhlobonhlobo ezincwelisa impilo yakhe. Futhi kulabo abangathanda ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngaphambi kokuvakashela i-Saratov (Trinity Cathedral), fonela: +7 (845) 223 62 51. Shayela, uzojabula ukuphendula uphinde unikeze zonke izincazelo ezidingekayo.