Zadonsk Monastery. Izigodlo we Lipetsk esifundeni. Zadonsk Monastery: kanjani lapho

Nge ukuvuselelwa ubuKristu e-Russia, abantu abaningi bafuna ukwazi umlando ukuvela, kumiswa bomdabu Orthodox ukholo, kanye amehlo ami ukuba silibone ubuhle namandla yesiko lethu elingokomoya. Lipetsk esifundeni - isibonelo esiphelele-Orthodox eRussia, lapho emva wokulahlekelwa ezingokomoya eside ngempumelelo savuka emasikweni inkolo lasendulo.

Umlando weSonto Lobu-Orthodox Lipetsk esifundeni

Ngesikhathi phansi Lipetsk zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni bafika ezinsukwini ka Kievan Rus. Ekuqaleni kwawo-namakhulu eminyaka XIV-XV zonke esifundeni Upper Don ngenxa njalo Mongol-Tatar kuphangwa yaphenduka ugwadule. Kuphela phakathi nekhulu XVI, labantu Orthodox lapha ibuyise, kanye nomhlaba obhekwe abefundisi kanye nokwakhiwa amasonto wokuqala waqala ukuvuseleleka ukholo. Ngalesi sikhathi kukhona Zadonsk Virgin, Donkovsky Pokrovsky, Yelenskyi zintathu Orthodox waseRussia sezindela. Ngo XVII-XVIII eminyaka, Lipetsk Region ingeyamakhosi Voronezh futhi Ryazan bhishobhi, nangemva, kuze izenzakalo kuka-1917, umlando wayo ixhunyaniswe ne-Orthodox orel, Tambov, Tula, Ryazan izifunda isonto. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili e imingcele yesimanje yesifunda kwakunabamemezeli abangaba ngu amahlanu neshumi zezindela namathempeli.

Ngemva inguquko, ngesikhathi kwamaBolshevik ukuhlukunyezwa, abaningi lamathempeli kwabhujiswa, futhi le ndlu engcwele, ozotholwa ngokusebenzisa ubudala, baphanga noma ubhujiswe. Njengoba-Orthodox e-Lipetsk kutsho izikhathi eziningana savuka lapho edala abantu besifunda-bhishobhi Lipetsk ngo-1926, kodwa ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu njalo nokushushiswa abefundisi benza isonto kumile ephelele. Kuphela 1980, lapho isimo sengqondo lahulumende ukholo washintsha, iqala isigaba esisha ukuthuthukiswa ubuKristu. amasonto Ababuyiselwe Futhi zezindela endaweni ezungezile Lipetsk futhi ngenkuthalo eyakhelwe amasha. Khona-ke kwaba khona igugu yangempela elibuyiselwe-Orthodox Lipetsk esifundeni - Zadonsk Monastery.

Lipetsk zezindela

Lipetsk esifundeni amumethe izindawo zomlando ka ukukhulekelwa okungokukaJehova iSonto Lobu-Orthodox. Esikhathini Lipetsk esifundeni, kukhona 9 zezindela asebenzayo, 281 Parish, amasonto 316, 34 Izindlwana, abefundisi kanye nenani abantu 365. Lokhu ingcebo engokomoya, yebo, angeke sehluleke ukuheha-pilgrim kanye nezivakashi. Abanye abantu eza lapha enethemba lokuthi uzophulukiswa ngokuyisimangaliso, kuyilapho abanye - iseluleko noma ukubabusisa, abanye nje zibabaza zezindela we Lipetsk esifundeni. Hlangana ezidingweni ezingokomoya zalabo abahluphekayo namuhla yizindlu elandelayo Izigodlo etholakala kule ndawo:

• Zadonsk Ukuzalwa KukaKristu Our Lady Sezindela;
• Zadonsk Holy Trinity uTikhon sika Monastery;
• Virgin uTikhon ka Zadonsk Monastery Tyuninsky;
• UTikhon ka Zadonsk Isigodlo isimo;
• Eletskii zintathu Monastery;
• Eletskii Znamensky sezindela;
• Troekurov Illarionovsky Dmitrievsky sezindela;
• Lebedyansky zintathu Monastery;
• Lipetsk Assumption Monastery.

Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi izivakashi nezihambi kuyinto kufanele Zadonskaya zezindela. Izithombe imisebenzi izakhiwo kungabonakala kulesi sihloko, isheduli kwezinsizakalo kanye izindaba kamoya zingatholakala ku-website ye-besifunda-bhishobhi Lipetsk.

eJerusalema Russian

Edolobheni elincane Zadonsk itholakala endaweni olunothile amakhilomitha 60 kusukela Lipetsk, ibhange kwesokunxele Don, eduze komgwaqo omkhulu federal "Rostov-on-Don eMoscow." Lokhu kunganeliseki kwavela ngemva kokukhokha at Teshevskom (kusukela Igama lomfula Teshevki) sezindela ngo-1620. Kamuva, ngo-1779, le ndawo yaziwa ngokuthi Zadonsk kanye sezindela sangakubo atholwe igama Zadonsk Monastery. Inkazimulo "IJerusalema-Russian" njengoba ibizwa ngokuthi Zadonsk, ehambisana ne-Saint Tihonom Zadonskim, uvele lapha ngo-1769 futhi wanikela ukuphila kwakhe imvuselelo futhi ukusungulwa zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni kule ndawo. Ngo-1861, uTikhon owanikeza ingokomoya Zadonsk zezindela, waba abagcotshwa. Ezikhangayo esemqoka Zadonsk wesifunda kanye edolobheni, elaba isikhungo enkulu kokholo Orthodox namasiko Christian okungokomoya - the ezintathu ekhona futhi omunye walondoloza sezindela.

St uTikhon

Saint esizayo futhi Bishop wazalwa ngo 1724 e-Novgorod emzaneni Korotsko Akuboshwe umndeni. Izwe unegama Tihon Zadonsky Timofey Sokolov. Savely uyise eshona ekuseni, futhi kulokho umndeni yayiyizwe elimpofu kakhulu, ngokuvumelana nokusebenza indodana yakhe engu-14 ubudala, unina emthumela Novgorod, lapho uThimothewu wangeniswa sabefundisi. Ibonisa ulwazi oluhle, washintshelwa isofthiwe embuso, futhi 1754, ngemva kokuphela kuqeqeshwa wahlala ukukhonza umfundisi mpendulo esikoleni sabefundisi, kodwa abaningi yena wavakashelwa ucabangana monasticism. Ngemva icala eliyimfihlakalo lapho Thimothewu wasinda ukudilika izitebhisi, wagcina enquma ukuthi bazokhonza uNkulunkulu, futhi 1758 agundwe indela okuthiwa uTikhon. Ngonyaka ofanayo, wakhushulwa isikhundla sokuba archimandrite futhi Umphathi sobufundisi Tver esimisiwe.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, isiGungu Esingcwele seSonto Bishop uTikhon baba Novgorod, e 1763 wathola isiqondiso Voronezh. Nakuba Voronezh bhishobhi nezikhathi ezinzima: Don asemaqeleni uhlalwe ezihlukahlukene amahlelo kanye Amakholwa Old, futhi phakathi kwabantu abafundile iningi ukukhulekelwa konkulunkulu bamaqaba. Ikesi lapho umbhishobhi wafunda imikhosi e ahloniphe unkulunkulu Yarily enhliziyweni Voronezh. Weza mathupha isikwele wenza inkulumo, kuyiphi ingxenye isixuku wabaleka, enye ingxenye emadolweni akhe ngoba baxolelwe. Ngemva kwalesi senzakalo, wonke wobuqaba iphelile. Ukukhathazeka ngenxa yazo ngokuletha okholweni Orthodox sabantu bezwe Voronezh uTikhon wavula izikole ezintsha, Washumayela futhi wafundisa ebandleni ukuze uhlole isonto nabefundisi. Ebusuku ebhala imisebenzi yakhe enikelwe okholweni Orthodox.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uTikhon impilo saqala ukwehla futhi waphoqeleka ukuba bangene umhlalaphansi, waze wathatha umhlala kuya Zadonsk sezindela kanye dalula konke enakho. Kodwa ngisho lapha, lo saint waqhubeka esebenza. Wabhala incwadi ethi "The Igugu okungokomoya, izwe uya," "UbuKristu Beqiniso", "Izincwadi ekusithekeni", okuyinto kamuva esadlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni Lobu-Orthodox. UTikhon kwadingeka ukuqonda okuvelele eyamenza wakwazi ukubikezela empini eFrance, umlilo Petersburg ekupheleni Napoleon. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-15 ayichitha yesigodlo, lo saint, eshaywe ukukhubazeka, wathatha embhedeni wakhe, kodwa waqhubeka nokuthandaza kuze ngosuku lwakhe lokugcina.

Ngo 1783, Tihon Zadonsky wafa. Yena wangcwatshwa Crypt ekhethekile phansi kwe-altare esontweni lombhishobhi lezindela Zadonsk. Ngo-1846, ngesikhathi umsebenzi wokwakha ukubuyiselwa ithempeli adiliza altare zamatshe, waphumula ngaphansi uTikhon. Naphezu Crypt zonakale futhi isikhathi langemva kusukela ngosuku ukungcwatshwa sombhishobhi, umzimba wakhe uhlala incorrupt, kanye izambatho. Leli qiniso emangalisayo-Archbishop Voronezhskiy Antony, kubika esiGungwini Esingcwele futhi uMbusi uNicholas mina ukuze uvule izinsalela sabaphathi. Ngo-1861, kuvulwa izinsalela ongcwele sombhishobhi, wakhe ubuhanjelwe-pilgrim ezingaphezu kuka-300 eziyinkulungwane. Ngawo lowo nyaka, Tihon Zadonsky uyakhazinyuliswa kwabangcwele.

Owesilisa Zadonsk Ukuzalwa KukaKristu Our Lady Sezindela

zomlando zibonisa ukuthi ngo-1620, izindela ezimbili - Gerasim futhi Kirill eMoscow Sretensky Monastery, befuna ashona, awela wahlala ehlane akude lihlalwe muntu, lapho abahlala izilwane nje zasendle. Nabo abadala sasinencwadi icon Our Lady of Vladimir. Kuyinto lamadoda kaNkulunkulu, futhi wabeka Zadonsk Monastery. izakhiwo sokhuni sezindela yashiswa lapho kuqubuka umlilo 1692, kodwa uphawu walethwa ngabadala ngendlela emangalisayo ngasinda.

Kusukela 1798 yesigodlo iqala ukwakha, kukhona itshe lokuqala isakhiwo, ezifana uVladimir Church, futhi ngo-1824 isakhiwo sabekwa phezu amacebo abaklami Voronezh. Kwakuba mnandi kakhulu we-akhawunti sezindela iminyaka li Tihona Zadonskogo, lapho sezindela kwakuqala ukwanda ngendlela engakaze ibonwe ngaphambili ne-pilgrim kulo lonke elaseRussia. Ukuqhubeka ukululama, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, kwaba lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganisa 6 amathempeli, Hospice House, umbhoshongo insimbi, Pharmacy, izibhedlela, isitini nesibani endaweni yokukhanda.

Ngo kwaba ngemva kwezikhathi zokulotshwa wamavukelambuso, Isigodlo laphangwa ngokuphelele futhi kancane ubhujiswe. On insimu yalo elalihlala amasevisi edolobheni ezahlukene kanye namahhovisi. Incithakalo ka wezindela waze waphela ngo-1990, lapho insimu yalo etandleni iSonto Lobu-Orthodox. Nokubuyiselwa ethempelini eyinhloko yesigodlo - St uVladimir Cathedral - enkathini entsha emlandweni lezindela Zadonsk. Namuhla, sesisondele ekupheleni emsebenzini wokulungisa, kanye izakhiwo ezintsha Kwakhiwa ngenkuthalo. Ingxenye lemali kabusha izinhlelo federal kanye nesimo ekhethekile, kodwa iningi labo - kungcono izimali zabo kanye neminikelo.

Zadonsk Monastery kuyatholakala amahektha umhlaba 500 evumela ukukhula isivuno esihle. Kwenziwe lapha kanye nezinkomo, it has kwezidleke zezinyosi lalo. Kuphethwe leli ipulazi zezakhamuzi 500, nakho kungaholela futhi umsebenzi wokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nsuku zonke kusuka Lipetsk ibhasi sifika kubantu abangaba ngu-50, iningi labo abesifazane, ngubani unikele wahlanganyela ezolimo, ukulondoloza ukudla emabhodleleni, ukuvunwa amakhowe kanye amajikijolo. Zadonsk Monastery ngokugcwele self asekelayo, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, ahlela ukudla mahhala-pilgrim. Azikho izikhungo imilutha yezidakamizwa futhi yotshwala, kodwa abantu abanjalo ukuba abalalele.

St uTikhon sika Isigodlo isimo

Abode kuyinto 7 amakhilomitha enyakatho Zadonsk ku amanxiwa Friary wangaphambili. Ngonyaka 1865, ukuthola archimandrite Dmitry ukwakhiwa imvume skite, Izindela steel lihlale lapha. Isigodlo ayethanda ukuhlala futhi esehlale isikhathi esithile Tihon Zadonsky. Kukulo muzi lapho ebhala incwadi yakhe eyinhloko - "The Treasure okungokomoya, basukile ezweni uya", kanye siqu zakhe zagubha kahle wokukhulumisana lomfula, lapho entwasahlobo ukuphulukiswa elise namuhla. Ngaphambi 1917 esigodlweni sezindela kwakunoFakazi abacishe babe ngu-100 izimfundamakhwela ziyaye, kodwa ngemva kwezenzakalo-October Isigodlo wahlupheka isiphetho kakhulu izindawo zokukhulekela - ke kwase kuqala ivaliwe futhi kamuva aphanga futhi ubhujiswe. ngo-1991 kuphela insimu waphindiselwa Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia. Manje lapha Inama Wezindela i-St uTikhon sika we isimo, noma njengoba ibizwa Zadonsk esigodlweni.

Ibandla eyinhloko yesigodlo kuyinto zintathu, eceleni kwakhe kumi umbhoshongo insimbi kanye isimo Church. Ikhumbule ngokuhlala lapha Tihona Zadonskogo kwelinye kwemibhoshongo kwaba ongakasetshenzwa cell ehlukile, lapho isithonjana saint, ukuze usakaze imure ngo-1998. Ukuze isitoreji unomphela esigodlweni sezindela itholakala khona, futhi nezinhlayiya ezingcwele yakhe. Ngo-2000, uSuku Lwabo Bonke Osanta isiRashiya, lapho sithandaza emehlweni izihambeli kule Holy Trinity Bandla Cross Ukubethelwa ukopha. izinhlayiya wegazi seeping kusukela umqhele koMsindisi, esigcinwe isonto kube yilolu suku. Okwamanje uhlala esigodlweni sezindela 82 izindelakazi wahlanganyela ukulima bezinga, ukuthunga kanye iconography. Zadonsk esigodlweni, kanye zabesilisa, inikeza ukudla khulula nendawo yokuhlala ukuze ama-pilgrim. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, zonke izinsuku udle abantu mayelana 80-90, futhi ebusika - abafika kwabangu-1000.

Zadonsk Virgin uTikhon sika Monastery

Enye sezindela itholakala edolobhaneni Tyunina emhlabeni Zadonsk. It yasungulwa ngesikhathi lapho Tihon Zadonsky saphela ukuhola besifunda-bhishobhi Voronezh umhlalaphansi. Lapha, Tyuninka ngomzana, emthonjeni, lo saint wayethanda ukuba yedwa ukuze athandaze. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX, ukucabanga sendawo Umninindawo AF Vikulin ephefumulelwe uvakashele kulezi zindawo u-Archbishop Anthony wabeka futhi wakha ithempeli uNina kaNkulunkulu "olunikeza ukuphila Spring", futhi 1814 futhi unamathele izakhiwo zethempeli waqala unkom 'idlayodwa ukuphila kwakhe 30 nezindelakazi. Esikhathini 1820s Vikulin AF waqala ukwakha kwelinye isonto - behlonipha Aleksandra Nevskogo. Ngemva kokushona kwendodana abavikela yakhe uVladimir laqala ukucindezela yesigodlo, futhi ngokushesha alivala ithempeli eyinhloko yesigodlo, futhi isonto saseNevsky liphendulwe almshouse. Ngo 1860 yesigodlo atholwe isimo cloister lezindela, futhi nalo abbess. Waba indelakazi Pokrovsky Monastery Polyxena, okuyinto kusukela ezinsukwini zakuqala ekuqaleni ngcono asebenzayo we Isigodlo, futhi ngo-1889 ngemizamo isonto yayo Ascension lakhiwa.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, Isigodlo has 86 izimfundamakhwela ziyaye futhi 45 nezindelakazi. Njengoba sekunama-amaBolshevik emphilweni Isigodlo ekuqaleni, akukho okushintshile, kodwa ngo-1919, ngemva kokufa abbess, bonke nezwe kanye nempahla kwadliwa. Abbess ushiyiwe isiphephelo Izigodlo baba Melitina, lapho umphakathi angaphila iminyaka engaphezu kuka-10. Ngo-1930, izikhulu zikahulumeni zendawo, kwanqunywa ukuba uthumele indawo engcwele ukuze kuzuze izeluleko evict nezindelakazi. Ngenxa yalokho, izimfundamakhwela ziyaye kwase inkani, zona bethunyelwa ekudingisweni, futhi Melitina esingu ejele Elec. Ukuvuselelwa cloister lezindela, okuqalwe abakhileyo sezindela engumakhelwane of kukaJesu we umama kaNkulunkulu, yaze yaqala ngo-1994.

Okwamanje nokuvuselelwa imisebenzi kuyaqedwa. Isonto lombhishobhi Isigodlo iyona Ascension. Eduze kwalo umzimba udade ekamelweni lokudlela kanye isonto angomakhelwane Aleksandra Nevskogo. Ngo-2005, engadini igcwaliswe entwasahlobo ongcwele Tihona Zadonskogo, ageze emanzini ephulukisa okuvame-pilgrim kanye nezivakashi. Namuhla kukhona waqinisa indlela wezindela ukuphila. Umphakathi iholwa Arseny abbess. Njengoba-ke kufanele sibe zezindela, izimfundamakhwela ziyaye zimatasa ngemisebenzi yasendlini, futhi njalo akhuleke kuNkulunkulu, uMariya St uTikhon. kahlanu ngesonto Kunenkolelo lapha Nowaphezulu, imithandazo nsuku zonke kuyenziwa.

Zadonsk Holy Trinity uTikhon sika Monastery

Holy Trinity esigodlweni, ngaphambili eyayaziwa Nosizi, elise km 90 kusukela Zadonsk, edolobheni Lebedyan - maphakathi wesifunda Lipetsk esifundeni. kwavela abode ekuqa- XVIII-XIX eminyaka of umphakathi wezindela, eyasungulwa umhlengikazi ophethe Popova, okuyinto kuphela kusukela ukujabulisa uNkulunkulu, wayesefa. Umhlengikazi ophethe incarnation amaphupho baqhubeka wefa lakhe Archpriest uPetru, wakha isonto uNina kaNkulunkulu ngakwesokunxele kusho indelakazi. Ngo 1860 ibandla busisa uMbhishobhi Voronezh uJosefa, futhi uma zaba khona yaqanjwa Tihona Zadonskogo abahlengikazi umphakathi.

Esikhathini 1870s, udonga lwamatshe nombhoshongo insimbi Yakhiwa azungeze izakhiwo zomphakathi. Ngo-1889, isinqumo isiGungu Esingcwele seSonto umphakathi elakhiwa ngo Zadonsk Holy Trinity esigodlweni uTikhon, ngubani ekuthuthukiseni ngempumelelo, wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-1917. Ngemva inguquko, izakhiwo sezindela kancane kancane ekhethiwe futhi ngo-1929 umphakathi abasekho. Namuhla ehhovisi sezindela emagcekeni "Zadonskgaza" futhi yokubhaka. Of lonke complex kuphela Holy Trinity Cathedral wayiswa eBandleni.

Engcwele e Zadonsk

Unyaka ngamunye, izinkulungwane zezihambeli zithuthelekela Zadonsk. Izivakashi eziningi beze lapha ngesikhathi ukugujwa enkulu Orthodox ngamaholide: Easter, Christmas, Veil. Ngokuvamile, isisusa yisifiso sizivuma pilgrimage umthandazo, uthinte izinsalela incorrupt noma isithonjana ngokuyisimangaliso, sizuze umusa, isibusiso, cwilisa in umthombo engcwele, kanye ukwenza umnikelo, noma ngisho ukuthatha isifungo. Abaningi Orthodox ukuza lapha ngenjongo emikhosini engokwenkolo ukuze Zadonsk Monastery.

Kukholakala ukuthi amasakramente olunjalo lapha amandla okukhulu. Wena uya ku lolu hambo, khumbula ukuthi ngamaholide ukuba bazohlala Zadonsk cishe akunakwenzeka, idolobha ligcwele izivakashi, ngakho le ndawo okuxoxiswene kusengaphambili, wayala indlu ngocingo noma nge-Internet. Izinkinga evakashele zezindela cishe nhlobo. Zadonsk Monastery - yindawo lapho kungekho noyedwa oyoba ukunqatshelwa, futhi mhlawumbe ukuwondla. Lapha ungakwazi ukuthenga imikhiqizo kanye nemikhiqizo imvelo ezenziwe ngamalungu omphakathi, ezisukela ubisi kvass kanye yokuqedela izinkuni izinto kanye nemikhiqizo, hhayi kuhlanganise eziyizikhumbuzo futhi izinto zokukhulekelwa.

Indlela ukuya zezindela

Thola Zadonsk - ilula ngokwanele, ngoba etholakala eduze Rostov onguthelawayeka M-4. Kwesokudla maphakathi edolobheni kukaJesu the Virgin Isigodlo Zadonsk. Kanjani lapho noma ukuhamba kuze Rostov onguthelawayeka, tshela umuntu, kuhlanganise hhayi bendawo. Of Zadonsk ukuze Tyunina, lapho Monastery Virgin uTikhon angafinyelelwa ngebhasi noma njengendlela Orthodox kweqiniso, ngezinyawo. Ibanga phakathi emizaneni nje phezu 2 km. A kancane okwengeziwe, mayelana 7 km kusuka Zadonsk, Monastery elise St uTikhon sika, okuyinto eyokusiza ukuba uthole izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi noma itekisi. Nzima ukuya Lebedyan. Kukhona Holy Trinity Isigodlo Zadonsk. Imephu imigwaqo noma auto-ukuxoxisana ezingasiza kule. elula kakhulu futhi eduze ukufinyelela kusuka Lipetsk. Sikhishwe ilungiselelo elinjalo, usuku olulodwa ukuvakashelwa zonke zezindela Zadonskaya ngempela eziyinkinga.