Verkhoturie sezindela. Verkhotursky Nicholas Monastery

Verkhoturye edolobheni laseSiberia, esisogwini loMfula Tours, namakhulu ambalwa eminyaka ngemva edlule mhlawumbe komnikazi enkulu embusweni Russian Zauralye. Ekupheleni ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha wayengakamazi khona eYekaterinburg, hhayi ezakhiwa Demidov izimboni, futhi Verkhoturye esase sikhona kakade. Edolobheni ngalezo zinsuku ngasebenza amasiko Verkhotursky, futhi laliyisikhungo ukuhweba nezizwe labantu Eastern eSiberia. Namuhla Verkhoturye iyinhloko-dolobha obungokomoya balabo Urals, sibonga ezikhungweni zenkolo eziningana, oza vakashela zabaningi.

UMbhishobhi zaphuma ukuyohlangabeza izicelo Abesifazane asebekhulile kanye abesifazane

Nunnery e Verkhoturye indlu yezindela lokuqala ubulili fair, amiselwe zase-Ural. Unyaka isisekelo salo bakholwe 1621 lapho u-Archbishop Cyprian laseSiberia bhishobhi, wedlula kusuka eMoscow kuya Tobolsk, wahlala emzini izinsuku ezine, wathola ukuthi abantu abaningi ladies lwezwe abesifazane ubudala athungatha ukuphila kwabo Izigodlo. Ngemva kokuhlangana umbusi idolobha Umkhuzi wanquma ukwakha ithempeli wokudumisa iNcasakazi oNgcwele, amaseli eziningana, okuyinto ekuqaleni baba owakhiwe mayelana abesifazane abayishumi. Kuyinto yokudumisa isonto futhi yaqanjwa Pokrovsky Monastery. Verkhoturye possessed esigodlweni siqu ngempela eside - e 1764, le nhlangano isonto uyekwa futhi sekungamashumi amaningi eminyaka zezakhiwo ezindala wema ezingenalutho, kancane kancane kwaluqeda kuze emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, lapho ukubuyiselwa Uhlelo yabo.

Hhayi yonke indawo yakwa-Isigodlo iyatholakala ukuvakashela

Namuhla sezindelakazi Verkhoturye isebenza. Lena isakhiwo esincane Lihle umbala omhlophe Church esiliva-oluyingungu we intercession, okuyinto litholakale emphakathini. Ezinye izindaba zika-Insimu sezindela ivaliwe. On the indawo yethempeli kukhona izinsalela Kozma Verkhotursk, ukukhothamela okuyinto zabaningi ukuza. Lolu Ural ubudala abadumile Whacky nezilima wahamba ngezindondolo. Kusukela esemncane wathatha feat sobudlhayela, ngaya zonke zesonto, kuhlanganise kokushiya endlini bathandaze ebusuku. Ukufa kwakhe ngomhla ngonyaka 1680, lapho wembelwa igceke lesonto Verkhotursk Cathedral.

Emthandazweni wakhe washintsha isisindo umthwalo eziyigugu

Ngemva kokufa ngibusiseke kwaba ephusheni ngomfelokazi ngesaziso "ukumboza ethuneni wezinkomo" futhi lona wesifazane ehlelwe Chapel ecabangela ukungcwatshwa kwami. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Kozma udumo asize ukudluliselwa izinsalela St uSimeyoni Verkhotursk lapho Whacky kuthiwa wacela saint uphazamise ukudluliswa, njengoba eye wakuphatha nasemilenzeni ukhathele, futhi abantu baphoqeleka ukuba ubeke umthwalo phansi, njengoba sesiye bayehluleka ngekwetimali. Ngemva Kozma ephumule, udwendwe baqhubeka ukuhambisa bese efakwa indawo esitobhini St Kosminskiy puston. Indlela yokuthola sezindela lomame Verkhoturye? Isigodlo itholakala ezansi kusukela ezibiyele lo muzi, futhi kuye, njengoba izivakashi ngithi, akukho izikhombo, ngakho ucacise, kudlule kanjani, kuzomele ube bendawo. Thola isakhiwo ngeke kube nzima, ngoba umuzi ngokwawo encane, inezinhlobo emhlabeni izinkulungwane 7.5. Abahlali, futhi zonke ezikhangayo ngaphakathi ukuhamba ibanga.

Emincane kakhulu ezibiyele Russia

AmaPilgrim ukholwa kahle futhi ukuvakashelwa ezithakazelisayo Verkhotursky ezibiyele, komncane kunabo ezibiyele eRussia. insimu yalo uZiqu-zintathu Cathedral, ukujola kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18. Lesi sakhiwo emangalisayo ise umbhoshongo insimbi iwashi lombhishobhi, yensimbi phansi, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba ugcine cool emakamelweni, ngisho ukushisa, nemibono kwebhuloho idolobha ukumiswa phezu komfula. Yini enye ezithakazelisayo edolobheni Verkhoturye? Okukhulu kakhulu abantu besilisa, eyasungulwa ngo-1604, odabuka Poshekhonye, Hieromonk uJona, owaziwa ngokuba endaweni yayo enkulu ukuthi idlula endaweni ezibiyele eMoscow.

Leli bhokisi nendikimba elingukungaboli wavuka ethuneni

Eminyakeni elikhulu namatjhumi ngemva kokumiswa Verkhoturie St Nicholas sezindela atholwe izinsalela of St Simeon, ngubani ohlonishwa njengomholi ongumvikeli ezweni Ural. Lo muntu wazalelwa ingcebo kwamadoda asebukhosini, kodwa ezikhathini elinezinkathazo futhi ushiye ikhaya nomndeni, etholakala engxenyeni European sombuso isiRashiya, esifundeni esise-Ural, lapho esezinzile emzaneni Merkushino. Lapha wayecashile imvelaphi yakhe futhi waphila njengomuntu ongumlimi elula, kulethe umKristu feat "yokuncishiswa". USimeyoni esonta esontweni lendawo kungaba wedwa lokuthandaza, ukuthunga noboya abalimi, ngaphandle ukushaja imali ngoba, nishumayele wendawo izizwe Voguls. Iminyaka lengemashumi lasihlanu yangembili ngemva kokufa kwakhe ngo 1692, lomngcwabo nendikimba incorrupt bakaSimon wavuka ethuneni, futhi ithuna bezwe lakhe, abantu abaningi baye baphulukiswa, abaphethwe izifo zesikhumba. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, izinsalela abangu zihlolwe futhi idluliselwe Nicholas Church.

I izinsalela saint babe uyavikeleka nomlilo

Yimaphi amanye wayezenza izimangaliso e Verkhoturye? Isigodlo ensimini ka okuyinto kwenzakala izinsalela saint, e 1716, lushiswe emlilweni, futhi isonto, lapho kukhona khona izinsalela bakwaSimeyoni kwakunguShelumiyeli unitozhena ngokuphelele, kodwa umdlavuza ngenkathi ngokuyisimangaliso angizange ngilimale. Ngo-1838 ethempelini wabuyiselwa futhi emkhunjini izinsalela afakwe yesonto yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokukhulekela futhi endaweni yokungcwaba uSimeyoni Verkhotursk edolobhaneni Merkushino lwakubo lapho ithuna kukora isiphethu elalakhiwe yesonto, ekuqaleni ngokhuni, bese itshe. USimeyoni ushiye ezinhliziyweni zabantu ekugxiliseni, ngakho ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka eYekaterinburg uvele Ubuzalwane of St Simeon, okwakubekelwa wahlanganyela ukukhanyiselwa okungokomoya, kanye nokusekela abantu ababencishwe amathuba ngaphambilini. USimeyoni izinsalela ukuheha zabaningi, ka kuzo amashumi ezinkulungwane ngonyaka, ngakho Verkhoturye sezindela uye washintsha abalulekile yezakhiwo ukwamukela bonke comers.

Kulesi lombhishobhi Angathandazela ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu

Leli thempeli eyinhloko yesigodlo, esiphambanweni oNgcwele, yasungulwa ngo ekuqaleni 1905 futhi sinesikhundla lezingalo eziyizinkulungwane 5. Man. Ungomunye amasonto ababhishobhi esikhulu kunazo zonke eRussia, kanye zika-Isaka, Cathedral kaKristu uMsindisi. isakhiwo sezenkolo esakhiwe iminyaka 8 futhi has a design esinamakhanda ayisikhombisa, kuhlangene belfries kwemibhoshongo ezine. Ngaphambi Revolution, isonto elihlotshiswe imifanekiso 64, faience iconostasis, phansi-German tiled, kwa-yensimbi Kuvunguza izakhi. Ethempelini, 137 amafasitela, okuyinto kabili kunangesikhathi LikaKristu UMsindisi Cathedral eMoscow, futhi i-altare lakhe, amamitha amathathu ukuphakama, akusoze kwalibaleka for izivakashi. Yayiyini isiphetho kule ndawo yokukhulekela phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet e Verkhoturye? Okukhulu kakhulu ngemva 30s. esetshenziselwa izidingo zasendlini. EBandleni kanye kwaba ehholo cinema bese izimpahla zokwakha, ukuhlala ngokwahlukana kuleli koloni izingane. Ukuvuselelwa izakhiwo benkolo baqala kuphela iminyaka engu-90 ngekhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili.

Zonke isonto wezindela Verkhoturye

Verkhoturye, St Nicholas Monastery elinendawo isonto, ubonisa ezihlukahlukene izitayela lathumela eyayivamile izakhiwo ezingokwenkolo eRussia esikhathini esinikeziwe isikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo, isonto uSimeyoni-Ann, esisogwini esangweni (Gate), yasungulwa ngo maphakathi nawo wangekhulu le-18 futhi yakhiwa kuleli "Asian" isitayela ngesimo a Tetrahedron ezimbili storey. Ithempeli has a iconostasis ezimbili abaphuma, futhi umhlobiso eduze isitayela Russian futhi classicism. Namuhla isakhiwo kubhekwa malovmestitelnym secondary, ngakho izimfundiso kuwo zikhishwa ezingavamile nokunye kuyona lilinganiselwe.

Labo abafisa uvakashele Verkhoturye, Isigodlo, izithombe zazo ziboniswa lapha, akumele njalo ukunikeza ukufinyelela iSonto Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, eyakhelwe indawo ye olwalukhona ethempelini elikhulu. Lesi sakhiwo yasekuqaleni, elakhiwa e-1712, elabhujiswa ngo-1936, futhi endaweni yawo ngo-2000 wakha amabandla amasha kuwona igama saint efanayo, lapho izimfundiso aphethwe ngezikhathi. Cishe ngesikhathi isidingo sabo ukuze ihlolwe nabazalwane sezindela. Kodwa kulabo efika ukukhuleka SeNkosi isimo Verkhoturie sezindela kunikeza ithuba ukwenza kanjalo nsukuzonke ethempelini eponymous, elakhiwa ngo-1821, bese kuba kuncane kakhulu ukuba ngaphansi izinguquko. Ngaphezu nezindawo zokukhulekela, Verkhoturye izibonelo ezithakazelisayo kahle walondoloza bokwakha lasendulo, umlando wendawo Museum, kanye nomkhathi oklanywe ngendlela ekhethekile obunokuthula nokunokuthula efanelekayo zokwehlisa umoya, ayitholakali namuhla ezindaweni idolobha elikhulu.