Prince Sergei Volkonsky (Decembrist): Biography emfushane

Omunye Amakhasi ezithakazelisayo kakhulu komlando Russian kwekhulu le-19 kuyinto kwavukelwa we Decembrists. Iningi lamalungu alo, umise umgomo ukubhubhisa autocracy futhi serfdom, lavelaphi imindeni edume kakhulu ahlukile, wathola imfundo yekhethelo futhi zihlukaniswa ngokwabo empini ensimini zamanxusa noma etemibhalo. Bahlanganisa Sergei Volkonsky. Decembrist waphila iminyaka 76, zazo iminyaka engu-30 esejele nasekudingisweni.

nozalo

Sergey Grigorevich Volkonsky (Decembrist) wazalelwa e-1788 eMoscow. Lapho kudingeka ukuba akhombise imvelaphi yabo, wayevame ukubhala "kusukela Chernigov izikhulu." Kulokhu, kwaba eyaziwayo ukuthi umndeni wakhe kwakungekaNkulunkulu Rurikovich futhi ohlangothini komama of ukhokho wakhe waba umngane oseduze uPeter Omkhulu Marshal A. I. Repnin.

abazali

UYise Decembrists esizayo - Grigoriy Semenovich Volkonsky - uHeinrich abaholi abadumile yezempi njengomunye PA Rumyantsev, GA Potemkin, AV Suvorov N. V Repnin. Wahlanganyela cishe zonke izimpi kwekhulu le-18, futhi esikhathini iminyaka 1803-1816 kwenziwe imisebenzi umbusi-jikelele Orenburg, bese kwaba Ilungu loMkhandlu State.

Akekho umuntu ngaphansi abadumile wayengunina Sergei G. - Alexandra Nikolaevna. Kwasebenza State lady ne obergofmeysterinoy 3 Russian Empress futhi kwaba kavalerstvennoy lady oda St Catherine 1 degree. Pho, ngokuvumelana Umkhulu Decembrist akuchaza umzukulu wakhe of Princess Alexandra Nikolaevna wawusomile kakhulu emvelweni futhi "esikhundleni imizwa of yezakhi izikweletu nesiyalo. '

ebuntwaneni

Biography of the Decembrist Volkonsky lithi ukuphila kwakhe kusukela ekuqaleni kwakusobala kangangokuthi zonke babeqiniseka ukuthi esikhathini esizayo uyokwenza i-career omkhulu.

Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwakhe wenza isimemezelo kaPetru, owawuthi izingane yizicukuthwane kwakufanele aqale inkonzo nge ezinhlwini lamasosha. Yiqiniso, abazali onozwela babe uxhumano nemali isikhathi eside wathola indlela yokuwuthola it. Yingakho, efana ontanga yakhe kusukela imikhaya ahlukile, eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 8 Sergei Volkonsky ubudala esalotshwa nosayitsheni ku Kherson Regiment, okuyinto zamnika ithuba ngesikhathi eza ubudala "kamuva ukunyusele" isikhundla sokuba isikhulu. Eqinisweni Volkonsky (Decembrists esikhathini esizayo) kwadingeka neminyaka yokuthomba e ohlonishwa ahlukile boarding school Abbe Nicolas, lebutho kwaba kuphela 1805 njengoba uLieutenant ka Cavalry Regiment.

Ukuqala umsebenzi lakhe lempi

Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa kuqale inkonzo e 1806, isikhulu nesokana elaphuma ngoba Prussia njengoba iphini lomlawuli wempi ka Field Marshal Mikhail Kamensky. Kubekhona ukudideka, njengoba abafana chuck ezinqumela kwesokunxele indawo amasosha Russian engasafuni ukuba alwe no-Napoleon.

iphini lomlawuli wempi Bedidekile zaphawula uLieutenant General AI Osterman-UTolstoy, owayamukela ngaphansi sephiko lalo. Ngakusasa Volkonsky (Decembrist) okokuqala waba nengxenye ekulweni, abe party empini yase Pultusk.

Ngemva ukusayinwa Ukuthula Tilsit wabuyela Petersburg nge-Order of St uVladimir, Golden Cross zempi Eylau futhi okuzisholo premium inkemba.

Ngo 1810-1811 GG. Sergei Volkonsky alwa eningizimu abaseTurkey, unikwe e iphini lomlawuli wempi kanye ukhushuliwe izinduna.

Ukuhlanganyela neMpi Yezwe II

Ngesikhathi ehlasela sikaNapoleon yeRussia, Prince Sergei Volkonsky (Decembrist) ubekade elisezingeni wempi ka-Alexander Okokuqala.

Waba khona izimpi Dashkovka futhi Mogilev, ngesikhathi Porec, ngesikhathi Vitebsk, ngesikhathi Zvenigorod, eMoscow emfuleni, emzaneni Orlov. Prince owayevelele ngo-October 2, ngesikhathi belwa edolobheni Dmitrov, futhi ukhushuliwe elisezingeni sombutho.

isibindi sakhe Kwaphawulwa, futhi ngesikhathi ekulweni e-Ukunqamula French ngokusebenzisa eMfuleni Berezina. Khona-ke zokubonisa isibindi Volkonsky waklonyeliswa Order of St uVladimir degree lwesithathu.

Ngemva ukuxoshwa isitha ensimini kwesikhulu Russian, kanye umzimba Baron Wintzingerode waya umkhankaso bezinye izizwe, + ezimpini eziningi. Ngokuphindaphindiwe ukhishwa nje kuphela Russian uMbusi, kodwa le nkosi Prussian. Ngokwemibiko ethile, ekupheleni kwempi, Prince Volkonsky eyenziwa oda zokubonisana kanye intelligence uMbusi, kuhlanganise Paris phakathi adumile izinsuku ezingu-100.

Ukuze isibindi e izimpi Dennewitz futhi Grosse Beerene, yena wanikwa jikelele ezinkulu. Ngo 1816 wamiswa njengephayona elivamile induna umqondisi weqembu besigaba 2 Uhlans, neminyaka engu-5 Kamuva wayiswa endaweni efanayo esikhathini 19 th Infantry Division.

zengqondo Ukushintsha

Ngo-1819, SG Volkonsky (Decembrist) wabhala umbiko ingamupha ikhefu nanini, ngoba kubhekwa ukweyisa siqu by kuKesari inguqulo yakhe yokuma "namaculo" e induna kweminyango.

Endleleni eya eYurophu, wayeka ekhatsi Kiev, lapho ahlangana khona umngani wakhe omdala uMajor General Mikhail Orlov, ngubani, inhloko labasebenzi Okwesine Infantry Corps, ubekade inhlangano eyimfihlo. Wamema i-Prince emhlanganweni, lapho Volkonsky lokuqala aqaphela ukuthi ngaphezu inkonzo yezempi, kukhona elinye ithuba ukukhonza ezinhle wobaba.

Njengoba kamuva wabhala Sergei G. Yena saphela kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke ukuba abe qotho, futhi wayeseba yisakhamuzi ezweni labo.

Ikhefu enwetshiwe kungaba kungabaza. Ngokushesha Volkonskiy wahlangana Pavlom Pestelem, futhi baqiniswa isinqumo sokuba ube ilungu inhlangano eyimfihlo.

umshado

Ngo 1821 Volkonsky (Decembrist) waqokwa induna lamabutho lokuqala 19 Infantry Division sika Okwesibili Army, e edorobheni eliseqajana Ukraine Uman okuyinto esifakiwe. Prince ngokuthobeka wamukela isikhundla esisha, okusho umsebenzi slide, waya endaweni yesevisi.

E-Ukraine, wahlangana nomkhaya Jikelele Rajewski, futhi ngo-1824 wenza isicelo somshado indodakazi yakhe UMariya udadewabo owashada kumngane wakhe Mikhail Orlov.

Ubaba wentombazane uneminyaka, ngemva kokucabanga okuningi, bavumelana ukuba sishade, futhi ngo-January 1825 kwenzeka ngo-Kiev Wedding Volkonsky nokukodwa sakhe esikhethiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isikhulu kwaba ibhapathizwa yomfowabo UNikolai Repnin, futhi indoda engcono - Pavel Pestel.

Decembrist Volkonsky nomkakhe babeyizikhonzi ndawonye 3 kuphela izinyanga, kusukela besanda kushada, lona wesifazane osemusha bagula wathutha nomkhaya wakhe ukuba aphathwe e-Odessa. umyeni Ngenxa Izikhungo Wezindaba ayikwazanga ukumphelezela, futhi abazange ukuhlangabezana kuze kokuboshwa kwakhe kule uPetru noPawulu Fortress.

Ukubamba iqhaza Disemba kuvukela

Ngemva kokuhamba ngumkayo Volkonsky ozinikela ngokuphelele ukulungiswa kuvukela. Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo ezathathwa kwabozungu, ulwazi mayelana nokuba khona kwamakamu umphakathi imfihlo waziwa emagunyeni. Ngokwe-Umlando we-Prince Alexander yena ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa lokuqala yemfanelo ayiphathisiwe wamxwayisa nesimilo esixegayo.

Ngo-November 1825 Volkonsky ngaphambi nezinye izikhulu wafunda lokugula yenkosi, njengoba umfowabo emthethweni wayengomunye walabo ababehamba lo mbusi ekuhambeni kwakhe eTaganrog.

Wabika lokhu induna yakhe imfihlo Southern Society - Pestel, eliqala izingxoxo ukuvumelana bakhipha isitatimende ngokuhlanganyela ne "northerners". Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye Volkonski wenza icebo "1 kuMasingana," owawuthi Vyatka Regiment kwaba ukubopha iziphathimandla ibutho bese uya Petersburg. Kuye ke kwadingeka ukuba bangene 19 Infantry Division Volkonsky.

Loluhlelo ayiphumelelanga ngenxa ukuboshwa Pestel. Isikhulu kakhulu efanayo unqabile ngethuba ekuvukeleni esigabeni sakhe namandla ukukhulula bakhi abakhulu.

Uphenyo imbangela bakhi abaphumelela, futhi kakade 7 Januwari 1826 Sergeya Volkonskogo kokuboshwa. Ngaphambi kwalokho, kuye kwadingeka ukuba ilahle umkayo ukuba azale indodana, izibulo kule ndawo. Baby wazalwa ngo-January 2, noMariya wahlatshwa ukugula okubi, wachitha embhedeni olandelayo 2 izinyanga.

ngemuva kokuboshwa kwakhe,

Sergey Volkonsky (Decembrist), ogama biography asiyeki isithakazelo abacwaningi abacwaninga umlando Russia kwekhulu le-19, ngemva ukuboshwa futhi ukwehluleka kwavukelwa e iSigele Square wathunyelwa Petersburg.

Ngesikhathi uMaria umkakhe walulama ngemva kokubeletha, walandela benza usuku. Nokho, imizamo yayo baba yize umthofu, isikhulu wagwetshwa iminyaka engu umsebenzi ejele nokudingiswa ukuphila 20 abaphundlwe konke imiklomelo, ezingeni futhi izihloko.

Maria Volkonskaia ebuzwa inkosi imvume ukulandela umyeni wakhe. Empendulweni yakhe, uNicholas II, wazama ukuphambukisa wentombi, kodwa hhayi wamenqabela ukwenza njengoba yena ejabulisa. Iya indodana igama elithi "idabukile" unina isikhulu, kodwa ngisho bamvakashela emboniselweni.

ejele

izinsuku ezingu-10 ngemva sinqumo Decembrists Troubetzkoy futhi Volkonsky futhi abanye abahlanganyeli abaningi kwavukelwa usuthunyelwe endaweni yokukhonza umusho. Prince uNicholas, bavela okokuqala kwi Salt Plant, bese angena okwami Blagodatsky. Elapho owawuse ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziboshwa bangiphuca konke, kuhlanganise neBhayibheli. Volkonsky wacindezeleka ngokujulile. Induduzo kuphela Prince kwadingeka ithemba ukufika ngokushesha kaMariya.

Umhlangano no-unkosikazi

Ngesikhathi ukuvukela kwezinceku Decembrists sashada abantu abangu-24. Okokuqala umyeni wakhe kufika Ekaterina Trubetskaya. feat wakhe ophefumulelwe kanye nezinye "Decembrists". Zonke amadoda abo amadoda baseSiberia kokuthunyelwa 11 abesifazane abasebasha. Maria Volkonskaia waba ngowesibili ngubani wakwazi ukunqoba zonke izithiyo futhi ayoba umka uwuzime oluthembekile ayezidinga lapho ejele nasekudingisweni.

Bekanye Ekaterinoy Trubetskoy, bahlala eqhugwaneni elincane ngasejele futhi baqala ukulima njengoba ovamile.

Blagodatskikh ka Volkonsky okwami wathunyelwa Chita ejele, bese kuya Petrovsky isitshalo.

Ngo-1837, ukufukuziswa itsetfwe Urik isiphetho emzaneni, futhi kusukela ngo-1845 Volkonsky babehlala e-Irkutsk. Ngo ekuthunjweni, saba nezingane ezimbili: a nendodakazi.

ukubuya

Ngo-1856 Volkonsky ushwele bavunyelwe yawoyise European Russia, ngaphandle ngakwesokudla ukuze uhlale e Moscow noma Petersburg, futhi abuyiselwe ukuthinta izicukuthwane kuphela.

Umkhaya wahlala ngokusemthethweni edolobheni, kodwa eqinisweni, uSergei G. noMaria Nikolaevna behlala enhloko-dolobha, nezihlobo.

Ukuphela ukuphila abadala Volkonskiy aphethwe e-Ukraine, Funnels emaphandleni, lapho ebhala Umlando wakhe. ukufa umka eye yaqeda impilo yakhe, wafa ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 emva, eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 76. Volkonskie wangcwatshwa isonto lendawo, ezakhiwe ngayo indodakazi yabo. Ithempeli ladilizwa ngo-1930, futhi yini ithuna umbhangqwana elahlekile.

Manje uyazi ukuthi kwaba isiphetho Decembrists Volkonsky nalokho amasevisi anakho phambi Russia.