Pragmatism - ukungabi zokuziphatha?

Ngu definition D. Dunham pragmatism - kuyindlela yokunquma elilungile. Lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi igama lesiGreki "pragma" lisho ukuthi "umkhuba umphumela". Ifilosofi kokuziphatha pragmatism isiqondiso kwaba diffusely kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni-yalolucwaningo 50 XX leminyaka. Ngesisekelo le mfundiso wabeka sefilosofi uWilliam UJakobe, naye owayekhona washayelwa original isimiso ezimbili pragmatic:

1. Niyemukelwa - lena yinto esifanelana nezidingo ngokuhlanganyela.

2. isimo ngasinye zokuziphatha uhlukile, ngakho ngaso sonke isikhathi uma kudingeka afune isinqumo esisha esenziwa.

Esikhathini esizayo, isazi sefilosofi Obheka izinto njengoba zinjalo Dewey futhi Tufts izimiso zokuhle efakwe ngala malungiselelo wonke theory. Igama elithi "pragmatic" ichaza lo mqondo nekhono ukuhlela isenzo, ngaphandle kokuhamba uhlelo. Ikhono ukukhetha okubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukusika kakhulu, ukuze ngingasebenzisi ukushintshashintsha izidingo zabo eziyisisekelo in umsindo nempilo ephithizelayo yasemzini.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela pragmatism

Pragmatism - lokhu kuyinto kwasinda ezimbili ezeqisayo okumayelana nokuziphatha: i absolutism zokuziphatha futhi dogmatism. Izindinganiso zokuziphatha zidingidwa kulesi icala njengoba into jikelele futhi akuxhomekile ezimweni ezishintshayo. Uma sihlaziya imfundiso yokuziphendukela pragmatism, singabona ukuthi akusiyo eyinqaba ukuvikela amalungelo isizathu futhi kuhlanzekile ngokokuziphatha.

Pragmatism - kuba kuphikisa lamanani olwamukelwa izimiso zokuziphatha. Pragmatists baphikisa ngokuthi isimo zokuziphatha yenkinga kufanele ingaxazululwa ngokuthi ngamunye, kucatshangelwa isimo esithile lapho esibona yena. Ngenxa yalokho, i-pragmatists uphike ematfuba ukuhlaziywa theory izinkinga zokuphila. Futhi, imibono yabo, akunakwenzeka ukuvula izimiso zokuhle kule "isayensi okusebenzayo."

Ingqikithi pragmatism

Pragmatism - yisifiso ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzamo etshaliwe kanye nesikhathi esikhokhelwayo off umphumela. indlela emfushane akumelwe ahlukumeze isihambi, kungenjalo akusiyo ngempela kuyiqiniso. nokuziphatha zomphakathi ngokucijile wagxeka pragmatism. Inani leli gama olwamukelekayo emphakathini, okuyinto uboniswa imishwana owaziwa ezifana "hhayi iphupho elibi" noma "bayafana, athole okuncane." Kodwa pragmatism - isici efanele kakhulu futhi ewusizo for ukugcwaliseka izinhlelo kanye nemigomo yakhe. Ukuzaliseka imigomo yabo kuzokuvumela ukukhetha ukuthi uyafuna yini ngempela.

Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi pragmatism - yikhono kukhishwe inzuzo siqu futhi kuzuze konke okwenzekayo emhlabeni. Kodwa empeleni - kungenye yezindlela ukunquma imigomo ekuphileni, kanye nokusetshenziswa yabo. Kusolwa ukuthi zonke izinsiza ezikhona zingasetshenziswa ukufeza imigomo, ngisho noma udlulele ngale imithetho olwamukelwa zokuziphatha futhi izimiso zokuhle.

Le ndlela kuncike kokwenzekayo lenkinga amachopho izindlela, empeleni kusho ukulungisiswa zokuziphatha yanoma yisiphi isinyathelo, njengoba umuntu kakade ukuqaliswa yabo. Isizathu esiyinhloko inkinga zokuziphatha kuyehla kube ukuxazulula umsebenzi luyingxenye esisebenzayo: ukuthola indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuxazulula noma iyiphi injongo. Kwezinye izimo, pragmatism bathethelele ongenazimiso, amoral nezinqubomgomo ukufeza izinhloso oyifunayo ngakulahla nganoma iyiphi indlela.