Nizhny Novgorod, Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral. Nizhny Novgorod: izikhangibavakashi, izithombe

Lapho kwazalelwa khona umlawuli omkhulu Russian okwakuseduze layo umuzi Nizhny Novgorod. Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral yakhiwe kuphela eminyakeni 1868-1881. Igama lakhe lesibili - Novoyarmarochny. Cathedral lanikezelwa emkhosini onesizotha Julayi 20, 1881. Ngesikhathi emcimbini yilo mbusi Russian Alexander III nomkakhe, futhi Tsarevich UNicholas.

Nengapheli enkazimulweni la makhulu eminyaka futhi hola nokunxusa

IRussia ingelinye geniuses ocebile kunoma yimuphi umkhakha. Kodwa kukhona okuyigugu grade eliphezulu kakhulu, ngokuhlanganisa ezinye izimfanelo zaphezulu. udumo lwabo alupholi eminyaka. Ubufakazi lokhu kungaba ukukhonza njengendlela 2008 ithelevishini iphrojekthi "Igama Russia", okwakubekelwa iwine Alexander saseNevsky (1221-1263), owaphila eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-750 edlule.

emizamweni yaKhe ekusakazeni ukholo lobuKristu phakathi kwamazwe esenyakatho Pomorie. Futhi ngisho ensimini ka-Golden zidlamlilo, ke lamiswao sesonto lobu-Orthodox. Ingasaphathwa yokuthi akazange adikibale yimuphi umhlaba ukugqilaza Russian Knights zamaJalimane noma Livonian, ekunqobeni kubo - kwenzeke ezinjalo - ubuKristu Bobu-Orthodox kulezi zindawo nginyamalale ngokuphelele. Wayelethwa abagcotshwa ngokusebenzisa kokufaneleka phambi kwebandla futhi isimo, hhayi ngoba wayengumuntu isikhulu Novgorod. sezombusazwe ezicashile, induna unkulunkulu, yena waba ohlonishwayo eRussia kakade uVladimir. Ngesikhathi eMoscow Cathedral 1547 kufezeke churchwide yayo inkazimulo. Metropolitan Macarius kwaba. Olwamukelwe ilinganisela isikhulu Novgorod njengoba legend yegolide Russia ephakathi. He dumisa emakhulwini Nizhny Novgorod. Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral - isikhumbuzo njengabakufanelekele ukuhlaziswa lo muntu omkhulu.

Umlando sokudalwa

Itempeli yayo, egcwele Amakhasi ujabule futhi eziwusizi zomlando. Zabangelwa Ukuvakashela Novgorod Fair, lapho umuzi wayedume kusukela kudala, uMbusi u-Alexander II. abathengisi Local, ukuze bakhumbule lesi senzakalo, aqondiswa ku-umbhishobhi nge isicelo ukwakhiwa kwethempeli lesibili komuzi. Ngo 1822, ikhophi elincane Cathedral St Isaka kwakwakhiwe lapha - Staroyarmarochny Spassky Cathedral. Ukuhlela ukwakheka Ogyust Monferran eyakhelwe original Petersburg: "Ngifuna fly Ngiyi-seagull ezimhlophe ekuseni, futhi azinazo izimbobo zomoya ku isimangaliso yakho Montferrand." Ikhophi yalesi simangaliso ehlotshisiwe Nizhny Novgorod. Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral, noma Novoyarmarochny (kulandela Spassky Staroyarmarochny), bokwakhiwa kwezindlu zayo nayo ngehlazo umuzi.

Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli

Ukwakhiwa sivunyiwe e 1856 e Nizhny Novgorod umbusi no Bishop Anthony A. N. Muravevym. It waqala ukuqoqa iminikelo, eyathatha kuze 1866, okusho iminyaka engu-10. Futhi inani eqoqwe ruble 454 000 667 28 kopecks kwakunganele, njengoba okusalungiswa yasekuqaleni ohlongozwayo wezakhiwo RI Kileveynom kwadingeka uzenze ke. Kusukela isakhiwo ezihlongozwayo wawungenawo amandla. Angizange ukulingana kanye okusalungiswa yesibili. UHulumeni samukele lwesithathu, lapho umbhali yaqhubeka ingaziwa. Kodwa wavuma ke ezinganembile namaphutha ukulungiswa L. V Dal, umlobi we plan yesibili. , Wengamela ukwakhiwa kwethempeli, ukuthi ngo 1881, eminyakeni engu-17 ngemva kokwakhiwa ufanekisela itshe isisekelo (1864), ihlobe Nizhny Novgorod. Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral has ama-altare ezintathu: uMariya Magdalena, St Nikolaya Chudotvortsa futhi, eqinisweni, St Aleksandra Nevskogo.

Akhiwe enhliziyweni yedolobha

Leli thempeli enkabeni yedolobha, kuleli kheli: ul. Kuvele 3a umcibisholo. Lo mgwaqo (kuso kabusha ebeka itshe e-1868) ingenye omdala. Lowo wesifazane wayebhekwa njengomfelokazi ezihloniphekayo, kuphephezeliswe kwezinye imisebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, ingabe okukhulunywa njengoba esigcawini Gorky engomeni "On the iVolga ebanzi, on the namathe ezikude." Yileyo main kusukela ngekhulu XVIII, idolobha saqanjwa emgwaqweni akuyona umbuso wamaSoviet. Futhi Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral wahlupheka, kwaba ifektri yonke imiphumela. Yehlelwa, naphezu igama, kodwa yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi Grand Duke ngenkuthalo okusakazwa, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kwempi ye-1941. Namazwi ashiwo UNikolai cherkasov kowamanqamu we ifilimu efanayo Sergeya Eyzenshteyna: "Ngubani kithi nge bese yehla inkemba, ukuthi bayobhubha ngenkemba" - it kwakuzwakala ukuthi kuyisiqalekiso.

I engavamile yethempeli

Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral enhle kakhulu. Kuyinto isakhiwo kwamatende ezinhlanu. Bonke bangabangasokile octagonal, futhi isikhungo evuka ukuba 72,5 amamitha. On the esithombeni sikhombisa ukuthi izitayela ezahlukene izakhiwo ihlanganisa endaweni umhlobiso esiyingqayizivele olungaphambili lwesonto. Ezikhathini zanamuhla, ngemva kabusha, ogibele lombhishobhi insimbi ngobukhulu e insimbi isiRashiya, isisindo salo amathani angu-60, ukuphakama kuvumelana ubukhulu ilingana 4 amamitha. Umxhwele. Leli thempeli ababenayo ekuqaleni esontweni ebusika, okuyinto ukufuthelana, ngakho ukuvula unyaka wonke. Ithempeli ngokwalo - phakathi imibuthano yezohwebo kuphela. Ngoba abanayo besonto njalo. Bona babe ngabathengi, ngubani ukujabulisa ukuza. Kube isonto futhi Macarius Zheltovodskogo Unzhensky e igalari sethempeli elikhulu, esikhathini enwetshiwe kompheme entshonalanga.

Izikhangibavakashi ka inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia

Kusukela 2009 kuya Igama eligcwele "Cathedral Engcwele Prince Alexander saseNevsky" yengezwe igama elithi "Cathedral Orthodox." Yiqiniso, libhekisela izinto Nizhny Novgorod , kanye ezifana owaziwa emhlabeni wonke nge amapharele, njengenhlangano Ensemble we Nizhny Novgorod ezibiyele futhi Zapochaine. Ensimini ka le ndawo kuba nengxenye ezinhle zonke izindawo sikhunjulwe edolobheni. Bonke zifakwe Unified State Register of nakumasiko lezizwe waseRussia. Izigodlo kanye yeshashalazi, amasonto kanye izikhumbuzo - Nizhniy Novgorod bangaziqhayisa. Ngo nomlando wayo cishe engu-800, idolobha imzuzele eziningi izici eliyigugu ezidumile phakathi izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Inombolo Imikhandlu

Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral liyatholakala Simferopol, Slavic naseParis. Le phrojekthi lombhishobhi, elise-dolobha isiFulentshi, sivunyiwe ngu Napoleon III, nokusolakala ukuthi basonta nkulumo kanje: "A eziyinqaba yokuqala, kodwa limnandi." Yakhiwa ngo-1861 i-ikoloni ezinkulu Russian, domiciled Paris, kunabantu okungenani 1,000. Russian abazinikele kakhulu, futhi babedinga isonto elikhulu. Ngo-1983 esontweni lombhishobhi ingezwe somlando yeFrance. Kuhle kakhulu Simferopol Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral (isithombe esihlaba umxhwele wakhe). Yakhelwe ngemiyalo yezikhulu uCatherine II, yabhujiswa ngobusuku: 27 Septhemba 1930 yena manje uyalulama.

Wabuyela esifubeni isonto

Ngo-1994 esontweni lombhishobhi lalingesinye Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral. Izhevsk, inhloko-dolobha Isi-Udmurt Republic, ngo-1990, kabusha, futhi wabuyela kubo amakholwa kunethempeli elihle kanye Isi-Udmurt Izhevsk dioceses. Akhiwe enhliziyweni yedolobha, lombhishobhi akaphunyuki eminyakeni engu-30 lokuvalwa kuphangwa. Khona-ke cinema "Colossus" uye wasebenza esakhiweni iminyaka eminingi. Bishop Palladius wathatha ingxenye esebenzayo ekwakhiweni kanye ukubuya impilo entsha enhle ezidingekayo ukuze amakholwa Orthodox yesonto. Kubonakala sengathi ngaphezu lombhishobhi waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha, futhi ithempeli kube inkazimulo Aleksandra Nevskogo agweme isiphetho esidabukisayo kokuba ziphangwe noma qhumisa. Akagcini abaphika ubukhona bukaNkulunkulu ukuba nenkani noma uthando zabantu namolennye endaweni engafanele, futhi ubuhle. Izhevsk Cathedral, elakhiwa ngo isitayela classicism isiRashiya, emelela (base square, umumo cubic, pylons futhi nemengamo) bayo obujwayelekile, elimiswe 1823. Model baba Church Andrew e Kronstadt. Umbhali kokubili mikhandlu brilliant Andreyan Zakharov.

North ethempelini

Esinye isisulu abantu abaye yanquma baphila ngezimiso "thina bawubhubhisa phansi", futhi babe olandelayo Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral. Petrozavodsk "ohlukaniswa" ngenxa yokuthi lapha ladilizwa kunethempeli elihle ne domes ezinhlanu futhi zivulelwe "isimo" isakhiwo Museum. Manje, futhi, kungokwalabo thempeli esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo. Mhlawumbe-ke Wasindiswa ngoba yayakhiwe (1826-1832) on the iminikelo zabasebenzi kanye amakhosi Alexander ifektri futhi akhulelwa ekuqaleni njengoba esontweni endaweni yokukhanda. isonto Njengabakufanelekele enhle kwadingeka ama-altare ezintathu, futhi ngo-1888 kwavulwa isikole wavulwa lapha. Kusukela 2000 waqala umsebenzi wokubuyisela nokwakha kabusha. Ngo-2010, eduze ithempeli isikhumbuzo Aleksandru Nevskomu. Manje lombhishobhi kuyigugu futhi oyingqophamlando ka Petrozavodsk.

isisulu yokungakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona

Isiphetho ezidabukisayo ezehlela Army Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral. Krasnodar ubuhle emangalisayo eMzini ethempelini main lokuqala abaphundlwe domes, futhi ngo-1932 ngisho iqhume. Le nzondo izimpumputhe khona, mhlawumbe ngenxa isisekelo esiyingqayizivele lombhishobhi kwaba ravnokonechnogo engu- ziyalingana ngokuphelele: Zama ukubeka Museum yokungakholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu ukhona lapha, bonke abantu uzoqala ukuya esiphambanweni.

Ngo-2003, uMbusi Alexander Tkachev kwanqunywa ukubuyisela sesonto. Ukuqala imisebenzi lanikezelwa ngo Alexy II, futhi isiphetho - Metropolitan Kirill. Amakholwa wabuyela ethempelini ngo-2006.