Leaf: incazelo umsebenzi futhi isakhiwo. Imisebenzi ka izinyanda semithambo emaqabungeni

Ukudla kanye ukuphefumula - la imisebenzi ebalulekile labo abazokwazi amaqabunga izitshalo. Nemivini Cacti, utshani kanye iminduze amanzi - ngasinye salezi izitshalo lona umbono esiyingqayizivele amaqabunga.

Ishidi - lateral ingxenye ihlumela

Escape kwanoma yisiphi isitshalo kuhlanganisa izingxenye Axial - stem, ehambisana ishidi - ingxenye lateral. Leli lungiselelo ivumela ishidi ukubamba isikhundla elihle kunawo mayelana ilanga. Ukuma kanye nosayizi amahlamvu kuncike imvelo zalesi sihlahla. Ngokwesibonelo, izindawo zemvelo izitshalo olumanzi sibe amahlamvu nge ezinkulu leaf blades okwesikhathi bazolokhu amanzi ukuhwamuka inqubo. Uma isitshalo esithile, umila ezindaweni eziphakeme elinesimo sezulu esomile, umswakama Sasingekho isizathu sokuba ukulahlekelwa. Ngakho-ke, amahlamvu kulezi izitshalo kuyoba amancane mncane. Yileyo indlela ngokuhlakanipha imvelo wadala uhlu, iziphi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ezimileni nasezilwaneni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye amahlamvu zingase zishintshe ukuma nge ezishintshashintshayo zendawo eziphila kuyo. Zonke ikhanda lomcibisholo eyaziwa emanzini has a iribhoni-like ukuma amaqabunga. Kuyadingeka ukuthi lokhu umzimba ayikwazanga alimaze ukugeleza kakhulu kwamanzi. Lapho amanzi kuba kancane futhi abanye amahlamvu die endaweni yabo zikhule amahlamvu umcibisholo emise. ezindaweni zawo photosynthesis olukhudlwana, ngakho-ke, amathuba okuthi izitshalo ukusinda ngokuphawulekayo anda.

sakhiwo sangaphandle

Ishidi siqukethe lamina bese isiqu, ngawo unamathele stem. Ezinye namaqabunga beswela stem nendawo lokunamathelisa yabo ukhonza njengomdala kumila leaf blade. amahlamvu maKristu abizwa sessile.

leaf ngamunye blade has indlela yayo ukucekwa kwabantu. Ngakho, bushelelezi-nhlangothi zombili amaqabunga willow, oki - pinnatilobate kanye dandelion - pinnatipartite. Wonke umuntu amahlamvu ajwayelekile palmate of chestnut clover trifoliate.

sakhiwo sangekhatsi

izitshalo Umsebenzi leaf exhumene ne izici yokulandelana kwayo ngokohlu yangaphakathi. Ngaphandle kuyinto ephilayo izicubu nokutshala izimali - isikhumba. It hhayi kuphela ivikela ishidi. imisebenzi umzimba, ukuhwamuka kwamanzi kanye negesi lokushintshisana wenza stomata - ezikhethekile isikhumba izakhiwo. Sinenkosi enezinto ukuthi lingavuleka ivaliwe kuye ngezidingo yenqubo umfutho.

Njengoba ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi ishidi egcwele chlorophyll futhi isitoreji kwezicubu. Lwenza ezitolo mass amanzi necebo izakhi futhi uyazifeza inkiyankiya yenkinga ye-photosynthesis.

Absorption kanye nokunyakaza izinto - misebenzi izitshalo leaf ukunikeza Indwangu conductive. Basuke omelelwa xylem, izitsha kanye tracheids okuyinto eyenzeka wamanje phezulu. Enye inhlobo yayo iyona phloem, unesibopho okuphambene izidakamizwa wamanje - phansi. Phela ushukela akhiqizwa amahlamvu ngezithukuthuku amandla elanga, ezidingekayo ukuze zonke izinhlaka isitshalo, kuhlanganise impande.

Njengoba isitho ezinjalo eziyinkimbinkimbi njengoba nemisebenzi impahla ishidi kucuketse aphikisanayo, izakhi conductive kwesistimu yayo ziqoqwa zibe izinyanda.

Letakhi embozwe izakhi kwezicubu mechanical futhi kwakha izinyanda fibrovascular. Vele ushayele kubo emithanjeni.

Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, imishayo conductive emaqabungeni ukusebenza njengoba ejenti ukunyakaza, kanye nokusekela futhi lokukhanda.

venation

Lezi izinyanda semithambo kungabonwa ngeso lenyama. Eshidini ipuleti akha iphetheni ekhethekile esiyingqayizivele, like zeminwe womuntu. Nanti elinye umsebenzi ugongolo amaqabunga.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana venation. Net kalula kunqunywa khona imithambo main kuyiphi suka ezincane, ukwakha anezikhala. Ngokuqinisekile, wonke kubonakala lesi sithombe ku amaqabunga iplamu, ibhilikotsi noma cherry.

ULily kakolweni ibe namaqabunga mncane, sifanamsindvo okuyinto zitholakala eduze komunye nomunye. Lolu hlobo libizwa ngokulinganisa. Kodwa ngemithambo amahlamvu lily we esigodini njengesikhonyane Arc - lena venation arc.

Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo ilungiselelo izinyanda semithambo emaqabungeni ukukhonza njengephayona, ngaphandle okuyinto ukuphila isitshalo kungaba akunakwenzeka.

izinhlobo amahlamvu

Amahlamvu nazo bahlukaniswa ngokomthombo nangezinga inani izindwani leaf. Vele ukubizwa ngokuthi amahlamvu ipuleti eyodwa. Peach, iplamu, Maple, lungwort - lezi yizibonelo izitshalo namahlamvu elula. amahlamvu Compound kukhona ngomuthi, ziyadliwa, alfalfa. Zakhiwa izindwani leaf eziningana ukuthi Banamathele petiole efanayo.

Yini umsebenzi ishidi

Nge amaqabunga cishe esiphelweni vegetative. Ingqikithi yalo iwukuba uwahlukanise kulokuphelele amaningi ingxenye. Ekhaya, ukuze ukwazi wande noma violet Zigokaktus.

Okubalulekile kakhulu ezimileni transpiration - inqubo ukuhwamuka kwamanzi. Uma kungenzeki lokho, umzimba isitshalo uyafa. Njengoba izinga lokushisa kwe-imvelo sangaphakathi wonke amalungu umbuso isitshalo luncike ezingeni lokushisa elifanele, kalula overheat.

Amaqabunga ezinye izitshalo bayakwazi ukuthi liguquke. Ngakho, ipea izimpondo ukuqinisekisa okunamathiselwe yayo ukwesekwa okuqinile, umdolofiya ameva bavikelekile ngokweqile umswakama ukulahleka, amahlamvu esinamanzi Aloe Vera ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ayatholakala izakhamzimba.

ishidi Green: Amanani kwamaplanethi ka

izici ephakeme ishidi kukhona inqubo ezimbili ephambene - photosynthesis nokuphefumula kwezimila.

Ukuphefumula - ukumuncwa umoya-mpilo ne-carbon dioxide igesi. Kuyinto isimo ezidingekayo sokuba khona zonke izinto eziphilayo futhi isici kwabamele cishe yonke imibuso nemvelo.

Photosynthesis - kumiswa izinto eziphilayo ukusuka wezinto ezingaphili ngenxa yamandla okukhanya. Le nqubo singenzeka kuphela amaqabunga, ngoba aqukethe oluhlaza sombala i-chlorophyll. Ukuze nokuqaliswa kwalo kudinga isikhutha, okubangela Kukhululwa isamba elanele phakathi ukuphefumula. A kwakhiwa glucose carbohydrate nomoya-mpilo ngu-photosynthesis.

Ngaphandle ihaba, singakwazi uyavuma ukuthi ishidi oluhlaza ifektri yangempela ukuthi ukhiqiza hhayi amakhemikhali kuphela, kodwa futhi inikeza wonke eziphilayo eplanethini yethu, izimo ezidingekile ekuphileni.