Kungani sidinga imali? Ukuvela imali

Kunzima ngokwanele ukukhuluma ngokungananazi mayelana kuphi futhi nini imali okuqala ayengelona ethize. Ukuvela Kwakungeyona imali yalokho besikhashana ukuthuthukiswa omude ubudlelwane zezenhlalo nezombusazwe imiphakathi womuntu ezingxenyeni ezahlukene Earth. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezikhathi zomlando ezahlukene. Njengoba sekuzoqala isintu Kalula nje wayengekho welithi "imali". Ukuvela imali lihlotshaniswa kwesikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, e imiphakathi bakudala, abantu babezila exchange okulula izinto zasekhaya nezinto eziyigugu, ezifana nemiphanda, uboya arrowheads nokunye. Nokho, lokhu exchange yemvelo kunalokho esingesihle, ngoba ukubaluleka izinto ezahlukene noma ukudla zihlale ezahlukene.

Ukuvela nokuthuthukiswa imali

Empeleni, nge ukuthuthukiswa kancane kancane ukushintshana yemvelo impahla zikhona izinto kuqala izinto ezinenzuzo ayo futhi ukuzimisela okulingana izindleko utho. Lokho kwaba ngowokuqala imali. Ukuvela imali namuhla mlando zithi ngokuyinhloko Amabha noma izingxenyana amatshe ayigugu. Abazange okwamanje ifomu othize, kodwa zaba ukubaluleka kwengosi kuba eseduze, ezingasetshenziswa kakade kwalindelwa yimuphi umkhiqizo. Lesi senzakalo uye kwaphoqa abantu abahambayo elilandelayo okunengqondo. A indlela entsha imali zaba izinto ezithile, izimpahla kanye nezilwane. Ngokwesibonelo, e labantu waseTopiya yabalelwa Amabha usawoti eNdiya ukushintshashintsha esetshenziswa ezazilenga amagobolondo, izizwe zakwa-Aztec ngisho Sasisebenzisa ubhontshisi cocoa. Bhekani ningethuki, ngokuba babengakakhuli imali ngomqondo ogcwele wegama, kodwa Kulindeleke ngokubukeka kwabo. Futhi ngokuyisisekelo imali iba sobala: kumelwe babe abaphile ukushintshana jikelele okulingana, okungase kukalwa nanoma yimaphi amathuba umkhiqizo.

imali yokufunwa

Nokho, izakhi engasekelwe ohlelweni yemali kumele ihlangabezane isethi eqondile imithetho: akufanele ziwohloka kusukela ukudluliswa njalo isuka kwesinye isandla iye, kanye lokudlula kwesikhathi; Kufanele ukukhanya futhi mobile kokugqokwa okuqhubekayo nomunye; badinga ukuba ahlukaniswe uma kufanele ukhokhe kancane (isibonelo, igama lwemali yesimanje isiRashiya, "ruble" futhi lisuselwa inqubo, lapho izinhlamvu zemali ezinkulu wanqunywa ezincane).

Ukuvela zezezimali

Zonke lezi zidingo kungcono wahlangana imikhiqizo metal nje, okuyinto endulo waqala ukuthatha amafomu eziphathekako ethize. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyaziwa ukuthi BC VII ekhulwini eLydia esase sikhona kakade ukuthi hlobo imali. Ukuvela imali ngesikhathi esifanayo asikwazi ngokucacile isibaluli endaweni ethize nesikhathi. Cishe izinhlamvu zemali zokuqala efana yesimanje injalo, uvele China. Nokho, lapho ababenakho imbobo phakathi nendawo, esemgwaqweni njengoba intambo, egqokwa entanyeni. Thanda isiko Chinese zethusi esiliva entanyeni hoops lwamaSlav medieval usike izingcezu bese zikhokhwa kubo. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-hoops ezigugile ngemuva entanyeni yakhe, izingcezwana abizwa ngokuthi "hryvnia", okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi badlula zemali wezikhulu Kievan.