Ezemfundo nempucuko yekhulu le-17: a kafushane incazelo

Ezemfundo namasiko ekhulwini le-17 Wathuthuka ngokushesha. Lokhu kuthonywa amadolobha ekhula, ukuthuthukiswa ukuhweba kanye nemisebenzi yezandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhuphuke ubudlelwane ukwenza izinhlangano zamasiko nezombusazwe phakathi Russia nase Belarus ne-Ukraine. Futhi kwakukhona ukunwetshwa elala amazwe aseNtshonalanga kanye eYurophu Ephakathi, lapho ziya ziba mandla waqala zingene isiko kanye nolwazi lwesayensi.

Imizi wakhela ezimbili futhi emithathu indaba izakhiwo, ikakhulukazi esakhiwe itshe izindlu. Sici isici isakhiwo waba ocebile zokuhlobisa kuphela.

Ezemfundo kanye nokuqwashisa

Ezemfundo namasiko ekhulwini le-17 e-Russia, nakuba lakhiwa ngesivinini nakho, kodwa abantu abaningi bahlale futhi bengafundile, ngenkathi phakathi izakhamuzi uye nokubhala ngaphezulu. E-Moscow, eshicilelwe kwenziwa, okuyinto wajabulela funa ezinhle. Kwakukhona a lot of izincwadi ziye zahunyushelwa Russian. Abanye abantu baqala ukuqoqa kanye nokugcina izincwadi.

Kwakunganele ukuba nje ukufunda ukufunda nokubhala, izibalo kanye nemisebenti yekubhala. State kanye nokunyakazisa umnotho baba more xaka, kwaba khona isidingo sezisebenzi abantu abafundile onokwazi ezindaweni ezahlukene. Kodwa imfundo namasiko ekhulwini le-17 wahlangana ukumelana nenkani kusukela boyars nabefundisi, ababekwa setha conservatively. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, eMoscow, kwakunabamemezeli abaningi ezikoleni ezingezona ezikahulumeni. Futhi 1687 eRussia, owokuqala sebuholi imfundo ephakeme isibe Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy.

Kusukela ngo-1621 kuze kube yinkosi kanye nabasizi bakhe kukhicite iphephandaba ngesandla "Chime", okuyinto Wachaza izenzakalo zamuva ezenzeke kwamanye amazwe. Izincwadi, eyabika ulwazi lwezwe zazingatholakali wonke umuntu.

Ulwazi kwezokwelapha zisekelwe isipiliyoni ukuphathwa. Nakuba basakaza "Isazi samakhambi" (incazelo imithi izakhiwo) Futhi Zihunyushwe izincwadi.

Ngo 1678, eshicilelwe umlando isimo isiRashiya, indaba in the "Amazwibela" iqala ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube 70s kwekhulu le-17.

ukunwetshwa geography

ulwazi Geographic, kanye nemfundo namasiko ekhulwini le-17, iye kancane kancane asathuthuka. wabahloli Russian ezifana Dezhnev (wenza uhambo ukuze strait phakathi eNyakatho neMelika ne-Asiya 1648), E. Khabarov (umhlaba esikuyi egudle uMfula Amur e 1649, futhi kamuva kwakhiwa khona isiphetho Russian), B. Atlas (mina kwenziwe ucwaningo Kuril ziqhingi eKamchatka), baye babamba iqhaza elikhulu ukunwetshwa geography. Ngokwabo bonke lobu ulwazi, sisungule amabalazwe isimo isiRashiya, Ukraine naseSiberia.

izincwadi

Ezemfundo namasiko ekhulwini le-17 e-Russia kwaholela ukuvela izinhlobo ezintsha ezincwadini. Baqala ukubhala hhayi kuphela mayelana ocebile, kodwa futhi abantu abavamile. Kube ukubhinqa kabani izinto babe esontweni namanenekazi. Kuleli khulu Kube vesi nemdlalo. USimeyoni ka Polotsk kwaba umsunguli yabo, ngokuba kwakunguye owayehola ekukhulumeni kumbhali nemidlalo esigodlweni Alexei Mikhailovich.

Ngalesi sikhathi, ngokokuqala ngqá orekhodiwe izaga, Folk songs netaga. Temdzabu ngokuqinile ukungena kuzo zonke izindawo isiko. I ubiquity ka wathola izincwadi Western, olimini lwethu.

izakhiwo

Monumental amathempeli waqala esikhundleni encane umuzi wabantu isonto ukuthi hit umdlalo imiqulu kanye nemibala, nenhle, fresh, ezimboziwe nge ezihlukahlukene amaphethini. Ngaphansi kwethonya Belarus ne-Ukraine kula mashumi eminyaka yekhulu le-17 izakhiwo eMoscow baraque isitayela ukusabalala. Yakhe eyinhloko mbono wakhona Imininingwane ukwakheka kanye aluhlaza zokuhlobisa kuphela. ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa ngokudalwa izinsimbi kanye imikhakha. Yokuphetha, singasho ukuthi imfundo namasiko yekhulu le-17 ethintekile ukubukeka amadolobha, ukwenza kwabo nakakhulu enhle.

imidwebo

Ezemfundo namasiko ekhulwini le-17 nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni umdwebo. Abaculi waqala ukubonisa ekucwaningeni umuntu womuntu. Nakuba iconography safinyelela amakhono kuze kube manje kunanini ngaphambili, lapho portraiture. Umsunguli wawo kuyinto Simon Ushakov.

Armoury elaba isikhungo ezobuciko, wayenomkhuba eMoscow Kremlin. Kwasebenza kokubili abaculi Russian angaphandle. Emsebenzini wabo bazama ukufeza ukufana okukhulu nemvelo. Eminyakeni 70 'Titulyarnik "idaliwe - iqoqo ekumeni ababusi Rurik ziphethe Petrom Alekseevichem, igcinwe khona kanye ekumeni yezinzalamizi angaphandle, amakhosi, bamdweba izifanekiselo emazweni ahlukahlukene.

isiphetho

Baqala ushintsho Russia ishintshile imfundo namasiko ekhulwini le-17. Ibanga 7 esikoleni - ngalesi sikhathi, lapho sitadisha kumiswa umlando wethu, kwakushintsha for isiko Russian. Njalo zemiphakathi ezinedumela, izimpi, imicimbi Isikhathi Nezinkinga wakwenza kwacaca kubantu ukuthi uyakwazi iqhaza ekuphileni kwakhe. Outlook washintsha lusabalale khathizwe yami. Kube intuthuko kuzo zonke izindawo, kwembula ukuthi kudingeka imfundo nokuqeqeshwa abaqeqeshiwe.