Triumvirate - inyunyana of ezintathu. triumvirate Okokuqala namalungu aso

Triumvirate - igama ovamile for isivumelwano amaqembu amathathu, enqophe emgomweni othile oqondile. Uyini umehluko phakathi lolu hlobo sivumelwano kusukela kwabanye? Lapho umsuka?

eRoma lasendulo

Idatha kwi triumvirate wokuqala beza kithi kusukela izimpilo ababusi baseRoma. I triumvirate lokuqala sidalwe amathathu esikhathi ezinethonya kunazo. UKhesari, Crassus futhi uPompey - Abadali we triumvirate lokuqala, ababambiqhaza bayo eqondile inspirers.

Lapho kwakukhona triumvirate?

Kuhlawumbiselwa Lo mcimbi emithonjeni ehlukene ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokuyinhloko mlando bavame ukubiza mayelana 60 BC. e, kodwa amanye abalobi basendulo, phakathi kwawo -. UPlutarch, Livy, Dio Cassius, bakholelwa ukuthi isivumelwano esinjalo kusalungiselelwa eside ngaphambi ukhetho zikaKesari le consulship. Cishe, abanye abantu babhekwe njengabezinye umfelandawonye ka emithathu yafika ngasekuqaleni 60 BC, futhi ngobusuku bangaphambi ukuqala 59, isivumelwano kakade siwukulungiselela.

Kungani kwaba khona triumvirate?

Lesi sivumelwano nje isuke ibangelwa ukuqondana imigomo abahlanganyeli. UPompey wavumelana iqhaza triumvirate ka conservatism evelele iSigele, okuyinto ngakho babengiphatha ngokhahlo ukuba imibono emisha ukuthi wanyathelwa ngisho siqu ingqondo. Crassus wajoyina isivumelwano ngenxa yokuma nabagibeli. Ngenxa anqwabelene umehluko nabagibeli (Izicukuthwane yemali waseRoma) cishe waphula nge iSigele futhi ayikwazanga siyolwela ukuba izithakazelo zawo kuhulumeni. triumvirate Roman bangasiza abuyise Izicukuthwane imali izikhulu kuyinto yesibili kuphela senators, ilungelo ukuvikela izinzuzo zalo siqu.

Umhleli futhi umholi lolungakahleleki we triumvirate kwaba ngaphandle kukaKhesari. Ezinye izazi-mlando attribute Julia isifiso esisuka kube ukuphela kombusi waseRoma futhi bathi wadala triumvirate - isinyathelo ekufezeni umgomo. Kodwa ngezizathu ezinkulu sokukholelwa ukuthi Caesar wayesehlasele kakade wakha icebo owawubonisa isibindi, wayengekho. Mhlawumbe isethi evumayo izimo nangaphezu spodvignulo kuKhesari phezu Ukuketulwa etat, kodwa ngenkathi ebambana into engenakwenzeka: ukuze nginqobe nabaphikisi futhi ibenze enqamula iSigele siqu umthetho nezokulima.

Against inyunyana ye ezintathu ababethunyiwe?

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi laba abathathu bebuthene ndawonye, kwakudinga isethi ekhethekile yezimo. Kulokhu, imbangela Kuhlangana zabantu ezintathu ezahlukene waba isitha esifanayo - iSigele. Wonke umuntu wabona kuye njengoba isithiyo imizimba amacebo abo. A oyinhloko kusho ukufeza izifiso zawo siqu ngayinye umhlanganyeli kungaba kuphela ukuphathwa okunye umzimba - the triumvirate. Rome maphakathi no-1st BC leminyaka. e. isiphelile ngokwaso njengoba i-republic, kanye ukudalwa izivumelwano ezintathu Zashintsha emlandweni kulesi sifundazwe.

Qala isenzo

Ekuqaleni '59 BC. e. kokubili abameleli - Bibulus uKhesari, wathatha isikhundla esisha. Nakuba-ke Bibulus wayaziwa futhi ohlonishwa lephalamende, patrician, ube yilungu lesikhathi esigcwele omkhandlu isimo - wayebonakala kube yisandla. KuKhesari, njengoba wonke umuntu ukuthi lokho kwakuyisiqalo nje emthunzini Bibulus. Kodwa kuKhesari ayehlela yabo enxuseni. Wahlangana ezombusazwe ukuxazulula umbuzo kwezolimo, futhi eziqoqa abantu abanazo noma kuphi lapho kungenzeka.

imithetho kaKhesari nezokulima

Naphezu komthetho nezokulima kuqhathaniswa enesizotha, waba ngokhahlo kakhulu wadlula Senate nokuthi okokuqala awuzange ngisho ithunyelwe ukuze ibuyekezwe. ISigele wahlambalaza ukuthi umthetho ezweni esethula inxusa, hhayi isixuku - ke ingenzeka kanjani ukwephulwa yenqubo. Kodwa kuKhesari akazange adikibale. Ukuze ukukhanyisa iphrojekthi wethula ukushicilelwa esiyisibopho imibiko emihlanganweni iSigele, ukuze wonke umuntu angakwazi ukuthola kangcono imininingwane ingxoxo. Caesar ezisengozini ukuze ikhange abantu. Izixhumanisi izimpawu ezingathandeki, lapho yithela Bibulus akaphinda wamsiza - kuKhesari esimisiwe umhlangano, waphula ukumelana Bibulus nase-Cato, nomthetho wayo nezokulima waphasiswa ngevoti leningi.

ukuqashelwa triumvirate

Empini yokulwa esasivunguza eduze ukwamukelwa yomthetho kwezolimo, ubuhlobo imfihlo wakusho. Crassus futhi uPompey babe esivuna Ukwamukelwa umthetho, futhi wawina phezu abasekeli bebodwa, ngisho uPompey ezisengozini ukusebenzisa izikhali. Umthetho waphasiswa, uPompey waluqinisa isikhundla salo, uKhesari wahosha abasohlangothini lwakhe imikhaya engaphezu kuka-amabini anamahlanu amawaka, okuyinto ngaphansi komthetho omusha ukunikeza emasimini abo basebenze ngokuzikhandla siqu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uKhesari isiza ekuqondiseni nge iSigele nokuvumela oda inikezwe uPompey eMpumalanga, kuka igunya kakhulu evunyiwe namadlelandawonye phakathi abantu abanazo.

Ngemva impumelelo kaKhesari ngakwazi ukwethula ezinye izikweletu ezimbili ezihlobene abalandeli bakhe abaseduze. On the lokuqala uPtolemy Avlet - umngane uPompey, yena waba yabizwa ngokuthi "umngane wabantu baseRoma." Ukuze lolu dumo Avlet iphuma amathalenta 6,000 zegolide, ezizenzile sibaphatha ihlukaniswe phakathi triumvirate. Caesar kugcwalise nezibopho zayo futhi kwezinye namadlelandawonye - Crassus, okuyinto wakhuthaza ukwemukelwa intela-abalimi izimfuno ezingemukeleki. Ngokomthetho nabagibeli yesibili kunenkanyezi ayakhokhela yesithathu yemali anda kakhulu ukuthandwa kaKhesari phakathi nabagibeli, okuyinto abantu abaningi abakubheka njengomklamo "amandla ukushayela laseRoma."

Ukuthembeka kungenye inqubomgomo umhlabeleli

Lokhu Isifanekiso ibinzana engcono ugcizelela amandla osekuyisikhathi eside labetibambile babuyelane ezintathu zalezi akuzona efana nomunye abantu. UKhesari wazigcwalisa zonke izibopho okuyinto azibeka phambi kwakhe a triumvirate. Lokho kwasiza uthole kuye udumo futhi eziningi abasekeli. Ukunakekela abanye, uKhesari wabe ukufeza amacebo abo, futhi wenza kanjalo kakhulu ngempumelelo. Kodwa lokho kungenye indaba.