Impi Iminyaka eyisikhombisa '

Iminyaka eyisikhombisa 'iminyaka neMpi 1756-1763 ubhekwa ingxabano ngobukhulu lempi New Era. It ezenzeka eYurophu naphesheya kwezilwandle: e-United zaseCaribbean, eNyakatho Melika, i-Philippines naseNdiya. Kule mpi, ezihilela wonke amazwe amakhulu aseYurophu, iningi lamazwe amancane kanye naphakathi European, abanye nezizwe zamaNdiya ezazisele. Impi Iminyaka eyisikhombisa ' , uWinston Churchill wabiza "Umhlaba Okokuqala." Ibizwa nangokuthi abaphathi bamakoloni, ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi ukungqubuzana Kwaphawulwa Ukungqubuzana izithakazelo wamakoloni eSpain, eFrance, iGreat Britain.

EYurophu, ingxabano eyinhloko kwakubangelwa yeSilesia phakathi Prussia nase-Austria, okuyinto last elahlekile ezimpini odlule.

Impi Iminyaka eyisikhombisa ', izimbangela zazo kakhulu ezihlobene ne-Anglo-French umbango colonialism eNyakatho neMelika wayeseke waphila iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kokuba isaziso yalo esemthethweni. Ingxabano kwaphawula ukuqala kwephulwe ekhona imifelandawonye samasosha nezombangazwe eYurophu. Ngakho, ngokomthetho ezamenyezelwa Great Britain ngo-1756, impi okubangelwa France reorientation wezizwe kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Nokho, maduzane nje, Kwakukhona ibutho lwesithathu. Ngo Prussia, wafika amandla Friedrich II. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, isimo waqala ukufuna ukuba amandla ehola kwinqubomgomo European.

Ukuqiniswa Prussia ngezithukuthuku ethathwe Austrian yeSilesia eRussia kwathathwa njengosongo usongo izithakazelo Western nemikhawulo yalo enyakatho Yurophu aseBaltic. iqhaza Russian empini buvezwa sivumelwano ka umfelandawonye Austria.

Frederick II, abalindi kuze kube yilapho izitha zakhe kwakungeke ukuthatha noma yisiphi isinyathelo, e 1756, ngo-August 28, ngokungazelelwe yahlasela Saxony, siyohlanganiswa Austria futhi sahlala. Ukuqala 1757 kwaphawulwa ukungena ebuthweni lasePrussia eBohemia. Meyi 6 Austrians ehluliwe ePrague. Friedrich nangemva kwalokhu kunqoba wayeya ngokushesha ukuthuthela Vienna, kodwa izinhlelo zakhe bekakhandelwa ibutho Austria. Ngo-1757, June 18, Austrians iphansi kwesandla sika-L. Down inflicted ukunqotshwa esindayo phezu Prussians, ngaleyo ndlela kwachithwa inganekwane owawukhona ayenganqobeki yabo. Mayelana ukwehluleka noFrederick II impi waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye ePrague bevimbezela futhi ubuyele Saxony.

Ngo-1757, ngo-Okthoba, flying squad Hadikov ithumba kafushane Berlin (inhlokodolobha yasePrussia). Ukuze avikele umuzi bese ithatha usongo yezwe, noFrederick II Ufaka nebutho lakhe ku eSilesia. Disemba 5 Prussians anqobe Austrians at Leuthen. Ngakho-ke yafinyelelwa "impi draw."

iqhaza waseRussia iMpi Yeminyaka Engu-Seven 'waqala ehlobo lika-1757. ibutho Russian wayala Apraksin. Ukuze isimo, iMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Ayisikhombisa 'waba yimpumelelo. Ngakho, ngokuhamba ubutha, kusekelwa umzimba Baltic Fleet Fermor wathatha Memel, Ukungqubuzana amabutho eyinhloko yempi Russian kuya Prussians e Grosse Egersdorf yaphela nge ukunqotshwa uFrederick.

Ngo 1759, 12 Agasti, ebuthweni lasePrussia wahlulwa empini kunersdorf. Lokhu kanye nezinye ukulimala ophoqelelwe noFrederick II ukubhekana isiphakamiso England ukusungula Congress ukuthula. Nokho, isiphakamiso engakaze bakwenze ngenxa intransigence Austria neRussia. Lezi imibuso emibili yayifisa ukuba usebenzise ukunqoba 1759 emkhankasweni ezalandela isicelo ukuqedela kuhlasela Prussia.

Ngakho, kwaba nobutha baqhubeka.

1761 awuzange imakwe yinoma yimuphi yezimpi eziphawulekayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, iMpi Yeminyaka Engamashumi Ayisikhombisa 'kwalwiwa kakhulu ikhuluma.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo Frederick yena, futhi wonke kulo lonke elaseYurophu akakholelwa ukuthi Prussia agweme ukuhlulwa. Kwakusobala ukuthi isimo encane imithombo sokuboshwa amandla abaphikisi.

Nakuba Friedrich iqala ukubheka indlela eya izingxoxo zokuthula, uyafa ngesiRashiya Elizaveta Petrovna. Kunalokho, kuthatha isihlalo sobukhosi uPetru 3. Ngenxa Admirer eside isikhathi uFrederick, uMbusi waseRussia ngemvume emhlabeni Petersburg naye, ngokwenqaba ngokuzithandela kuzo zonke izinzuzo. Lesi senzo Petru 3 futhi kuzo zonke izinqubomgomo zakhe ziye zabangela intukuthelo oluqinile umphakathi waseRussia. UMbusi walahlekelwa udumo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, lanqotshwa.

Impi Iminyaka eyisikhombisa 'iphelile ngenxa yokukhathala of amaqembu alwayo 1763.