Isitho ngoludala. Kuyini lokhu?

isitho ethintekayo kuyinto ephelele yama-receptor othize, lapho zitholakala kule imisipha, imisipha kanye namalunga, isikhumba kanye mucosa zangasese, olimini, ezindebeni. Okuthintekayo izitho womuntu azibonayo ngamunye athutha. Ngokwesibonelo, singase sibe nomuzwa wokuthi abanye ingcindezi, touch, ubuhlungu kanye lokushisa ukweqisa. Ngokuphathelene innervation afferent kwesikhumba, ke Kwenziwa ekhethekile yezinzwa, nakho zivela umgogodla ganglia izinzwa. receptor Okuthintekayo ise isikhumba, sezinzwa namangqamuzana ezinzwa dendrites akhiwa. Ngokuvamile, njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, isikhumba mangqamuzana ezinzwa uyakwazi ukubona hhayi kuphela chemical nokushukunyiswa mechanical, kodwa futhi kagesi kanye lokushisa.

Receptor, njengoba uhlaka touch, angeke nje kube izinga lokushisa noma ethintekayo, kodwa futhi kubuhlungu. Ngokusho physiologists, ngamunye wabo uba kudivayisi abathola. eziyimpumelelo Nerve zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: non-mahhala futhi mahhala. umehluko wabo khona ngaleso yesibili Axial uMbhalo bese amaseli gly kwasekuqaleni.

Isitho touch - ke, ngaphezu kwakho konke, khulula kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa. Ngo isikhumba womuntu omningi onjalo. Abaningi babo kule Intshebe. Ngo isikhumba womuntu, okuyinto linoboya, akazange embule khulula kwalapho, kodwa mehanoretsepotry ezibhekwa ezikhethekile kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-isikhumba iminwe ezandleni amathe ezinyawo zitholakala Meissner corpuscles, Krause isibani ezisebusweni mucosa sezindebe, izingono, umthondo, ukuhlinzeka bazabela elibizwa endaweni ezwela anda. Njengoba for touch of inqubo sihilela imisipha nokwakha uthi lokuphotha noma proprioceptors imisipha, fascia, imisipha kanye namalunga. Enye yezinto kuzo zonke izici womuntu ethintekayo lokujabulela touch kubhekwa emizimbeni ezininginingi ngokwabo, futhi ikakhulukazi excitation yabo yesikhashana futhi ngekwendzawo.

Zingene ukushuba we epidermis eziningi khulula kwalapho kuhlangana khona imizwa. Zibona ubuhlungu ezishukumisa. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi nociception. I touch mnene kakhulu ziqondakala ngokuyinhloko kwalapho, okuyinto ukusonta emhlabeni izimpande izinwele. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona abaningi kule epidermis ka Merkel amaseli abahileleke ngokuqondile bezibona touch. Ngaphezu kwalokho, synthesize amangqamuzana neuronal, neurofilaments nezinye nakomaka eziningi ethize zale amangqamuzana ezinzwa. Met-enkephalin kuvusa cishe zonke izimpendulo mzimba zomzimba womuntu. Futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi into kuveza okufanayo Merkel amaseli. Enye uhlaka touch iyona Meissner corpuscles, osekuvele eshiwo ngenhla. Basuke etholakala ngokuyinhloko ungqimba papillary of isikhumba umthondo, iminwe, nezinkophe nezindebe. ubukhulu yabo ayikho microns ezingaphezu kuka-100. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamunye la mangqamuzana uzungezwe ngaphandle ekhethekile zezinzwa izicubu capsule. It is akhiwa amangqamuzana glial, nakho kwakha thickenings esibulalayo emhlabeni ngamunye ebucayi yezinzwa ngaphakathi umfuma.

umzimba okunjalo touch njengoba yokwamukela kontanga lamellar Vater-Pacini corpuscle. Inani elikhulu of lezi lamaseli subcutis itholakala esifundeni pudendal, izinzwane, capsule izitho zangaphakathi, izindonga esinyeni. I ububanzi sethole eyodwa ngokuzenzekelayo angaphansi kwelilodwa a milimitha. Ngokuvamile basuke libhekene ukuba khona kwangaphakathi kanye imvilophi yangaphandle, maphakathi igatsha lokuqala uphasisa fibre emsipheni, okuyinto ebucayi kakhulu.

Ubuchopho bomuntu ithola omkhulu inani Imininingwane mayelana nezwe. Kulokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu kule nqubo okuqonda zomhlaba ukuba ngamunye wethu nje touch. Sense sitho - receptor ethintekayo asezindaweni ezikahle kulo lonke ebusweni nomzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu sizizwa ukushisa, ubuhlungu, thinta nokuningi.