Lancet yisikhohliso: isakhiwo umjikeleto wemphilo. yisikhohliso Lancet kubantu: ukuxilongwa, zokuvimbela

Emvelweni, kunabangaphezu kuka-7,000 zama-yisinanakazana izimpethu flat. Lancet yisikhohliso, noma njengoba ibizwa, lanceolate yisikhohliso - omunye wabo. It is kalula kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Ngenhlanhla, lo muntu amagciwane luhlala ezingavamile, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu izilwane njengoba ebangela ukugula ngezinye izikhathi nokufa imbala. Ngo ukuvela worm ingashintshwa "bukhoma" in the Sebawoti ezahlukene. umjikelezo waso ukuphila eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ezimisiwe. Abantu badinga ukuthatha okuningi sizama ukuvikela izilwane futhi ngokwabo ekungenweni amagciwane ngokwabo.

Lancet yisikhohliso. isici morphophysiological

Lolu hlobo flukes kungokwalabo flat izimpethu trematodes. Ubukhulu balo kuncane - ubude umzimba akuyona engaphezu kuka-10 mm ububanzi 3 mm. Ngaphandle isidalwa sifana Lancet, kungakho igama amagciwane. Adult isihlava kwakhiwa (Marita) behlome ngemibese amaswidi ezimbili - besisu emikhulu futhi mncane - ngomlomo. trematode umzimba ebiyelwe isikhwama musculo-kwemisipha. Imisipha babe izingqimba ezintathu - iringi olungaphandle, longitudinal kwangaphakathi futhi transverse. Umzimba isihlava flat kumasegmenti abahlukanisiwe. izitho yakhe yangaphakathi ivezwa the wokugaya ukudla, kwemizwa, excretory, futhi izinhlelo zokuzala. Excretory futhi ethukile - ulula. Isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene ihlanganisa umlomo, pharynx, emphinjeni kanye amathumbu, amagatsha amabili okuyinto ukudlulisa kanye umzimba ezinhlangothini futhi iphela zifa. ukudla Undigested amagciwane ubonisa ngomlomo. Lancet isakhiwo yisikhohliso kwesimiso sokuzala kuyinto ngempela eziyinkimbinkimbi. It imelelwa testes ezimbili deferens vas, isekhula, sincane esibelethweni, oviduct, futhi kwesibeletho ootype, okuyinto oluthatha mayelana 2/3 umthamo umzimba.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ngokwe uhlelo zokuzala lwedivayisi yisikhohliso lancetshaped libhekisela hermaphrodites. ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwalo kwenzeka kuphela sokugcina, aphethe lwesithathu. Imbewu isihlava ovuthiwe amasampula vas deferens engena Cirrus (umzimba ejaculatory), bese kuqhutshekwa phakathi copulatory (copulatory) emzimbeni. Ootype - ikhamera ekhethekile nge igobolondo obukhulu. It kuholela ejaculatory imbobo kwezitho wesilisa ngokocansi, imiselekazi oviduct, vitellaria futhi umsele wesibeletho. Ngo ootype Iqanda kokukhulelwa kwenzeka, izakhi enamathela futhi vitelline yabo ulwelwesi. amaqanda Kwakheka fed esibelethweni, lapho ukuthuthela unina imbobo uvuthwe futhi zitholakala ngaphandle komzimba yisisulu. Ukuhambisa ku amathumbu akhe, zibekwa indle endaweni ezungezile.

amaqanda

Lancet yisikhohliso, le morphology neqanda okuyinto ukuthi ngesikhathi izibungu (miracidia) kwalo kungukuchotshozwa sformirovyvaetsya ngokuphelele, lidinga Sebawoti ambalwa. Ngesimo amaqanda amagciwane kukhona okusaqanda, embozwe igobolondo obukhulu kakhulu, nge cap kolunye. Ubukhulu yabo ihlukana ngebudze bayo kusukela 0,038 ukuze 0,045 mm ububanzi esiphezulu - kusukela 0,022 ukuze 0.03 mm. Umbala - kusuka ophuzi kumnyama ensundu. Lancet yisikhohliso, njengazo zonke izibungu yisinanakazana, kwande kakhulu. Omunye umuntu owayengase akwazi kuze amaqanda kwesigidi ngesonto. Shono banayo igobolondo ezimbili ezihambisanayo, ngoba ngemva kokukhululwa imvelo bazokwazi ukulinda womkhosi wawo wokuqala angase aphunyuke aqhubeke ephila nesomiso, izimvula ezinkulu, ukushisa noma amakhaza.

Isikhungo sokuqala

Yonke umjikelezo ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lanceolate trematode ageleza phezu komhlabathi. Utshani iminenke bukhoma futhi slugs ukuthi anolaka wakhe, njengoDavide a grater, izilimi ukususa isitshalo kwezicubu. amaqanda Worm ngesikhathi esifanayo ukufinyelela shellfish emathunjini. Kukhona miracidia achanyuselwe. umzimba wabo kancane embozwe cilia, nenhloko has a ukwakheka Isigaxa - a Upper. Ngalo, isibungu ngasinye ingena phakathi izikhala phakathi emizimbeni sezisulu zalo ogangeni emathunjini, okuyinto ukhululeka cilia futhi iguqulwe ibe le sporocysts umzali. It ilahlekelwa cishe zonke izinhlaka, ngaphandle amaseli lwegciwane. Inhloso yayo kanye nencazelo - ukudala inani elikhulu kunawo kungenzeka indodakazi izibungu lokho akuzange kuwumise uhlanga lwakhe lancetshaped yisikhohliso. Ukuguquguquka kwempilo incike izingozi eziningi, ngenxa izigidi amaqanda sabanjwa utshani, kuphela encane kakhulu ingxenye ithola umnikazi. Lokusakaza kwenzeka ngendlela intombi (by parthenogenesis). Ngenxa yalokho, zikhona izibungu entsha (rediae). Sinenkosi ungiphuzise abathuke ngazo ncela ketshezi aphume aphethe umzimba wayo. Esikhathini esizayo, ozalwa redia cercariae. Ngohlelo lwayo kwemisipha befinyelela emaphashini imbaza lapho banamathelane e izigaxa eyindilinga, embozwe isikhwehlela. Ngezinye izikhathi bangathembela balingisa abantu 400. Umnenke uphefumula wabakhipha ngokwakho otshanini. Kube isikhwehlela Uqinisa, ukuvikela cercariae kusukela umthelela omubi ongaba khona.

Eyesibili aphethe

Ukushintshashintsha kwezinkathi lanceolate trematode uyaqhubeka izintuthwane Abadla amabhola nge izibungu. Uma emathunjini elandelayo umhlatshelo ancibilikisa isikhwehlela futhi ifomu cercariae izinhlumba izibungu entsha ngaphakathi. Lona metacercariae. Kukholakala ukuthi ezinye cercariae emzimbeni i ezihambayo intuthwane ukuze mabandla akhe sezinzwa - ganglia, futhi kancane kancane ukuba thwebula isinambuzane kuyilapho ekwehliseni izinga lokushisa emoyeni. Lo mbono kuqinisekiswa ukuziphatha kweziguli izintuthwane ezihlala ntambama efudumele, njengenjwayelo, futhi kusihlwa noma liguqubele abandayo sezulu nqabela phezu ngemicu yotshani, sengathi ikhubazeke. Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle (ungulates, onogwaja, izinja kanye nabanye), ukudla utshani, ukugwinya ezifana izintuthwane ingenakunyakaziswa kanye nabo izibungu amagciwane. Uma emzimbeni yempi sokugcina, metacercariae uthuthele ku isibindi sayo, lapho akha abasha lancetshaped yisikhohliso. Ukuguquguquka kwempilo amagciwane kusukela leli phuzu iyaphindwa.

dicroceliasis izilwane

Zonke izilwane abaye kudliwa izintuthwane elinegciwane dicroceliasis ogulayo. Ngo izinja, lokhu kwenzeka ngokudla ukudla, okuyinto has izintuthwane. Izilwane ezifuywayo ziba ucobekile, ewuthi lokuvungula, efanele. ulwelwesi yabo lwamafinyila ziba nombala jaundice. isifo Inani eliphansi - sibe sesomile noma Bile imbobo ukuvuvukala.

Dicroceliasis izimpawu zesifo i-e ungulates ezifana izimbuzi, izimvu:

• nokucindezeleka njengamanzi;
• nezinwele, onokuqundeka yayo;
• lwamafinyila ezimpofu;
• ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo;
• ikhoma (nge baxhashazwe kuvuliwe uhlangothi lwalo entanyeni uvale emehlo); Endabeni le izilwane ezigulayo impela high.

Yileyo indlela amagciwane ayingozi kuyinto yisikhohliso Lancet emise. I netimphawu amaqanda ayo kanti izibungu ubavumele ukumelana lokushisa kuma kusukela degrees +50 ukuba -50. Bayafa kuphela ezimweni lapho wathi lokushisa izinkomba ukwandisa kakhulu. Futhi bahlala indle, abangakufunda ngawo ngonyaka.

dicroceliasis umuntu

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwande nor lancetshaped yisikhohliso, isifo womuntu kudala iyindlala, ngoba idinga ukungena esiswini kweziguli izintuthwane. Ihlelwe ngokulandelana kwezihloko ukuze kwesibindi kwezilwane ezinegciwane kukhona igciwane amanga, futhi akazange afune ukwelashwa. Futhi, nokho, dicroceliasis abantu bagule. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka nge kokungenisa izintuthwane kwi ukudla womuntu okujwayelekile (isinkwa, imifino, njll), ngokudla ezingahlanjiwe Sorrel edlelweni, lapho ibekwe ku izindwani umlomo, lapho kukhona izintuthwane, nokunye. Izimpawu zesifo:

• ukungakhululeki kanye ubuhlungu esibindini ;
• uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa,
• kwesisindo;
• ophuzi lwamafinyila.

ukwelashwa

Lanceolate trematode amagciwane kuphela Amapayipi isibindi Bile. Abantu iphathwa izidakamizwa "Triklobendazol" futhi "Praziquantel". Esibhedlela ayidingekile.

Lapho dicroceliasis zamanga Kunconywa ukuba senqabe ukudla inyama yezilwane ogulayo. Imithi kulokhu azisetshenziswa.

ungulates Domestic aphathe "Politremom", "Panacur." Ukweqiwa babelwa esekelwe isisindo sesilwane. Umuthi axutshwa nokudla futhi unike ekuseni. Kukhona futhi izidakamizwa ukuthi basuke injected intramuscularly.

usebenzisa "Geksihol" futhi lisho "Karsil" ezisetshenziswa ukuzinza kwesibindi ekwelapheni izinja.

zokuvimbela

Izilwane dicroceliasis siphela kanzima futhi ngokuvamile kuyaphela ekufeni. Ingxenye isizathu salokhu ukuthi izimpawu zesifo ziyabonakala lapho lokuhlushwa worm isibindi ephumelelisa izinombolo okusezingeni eliphezulu (isb, imvu abangaphezu 10,000). Ngakho-ke, akukho izinkinga lancetshaped yisikhohliso, zokuvimbela kubalulekile. It is deworming izilwane. Njengoba izimvu, nezinye ruminants, it is eyenziwa eminyakeni 1.5, eminyakeni 3, 5 no-7. Kudingeka nokuba ukuqapha isimo kwedlelo, ukuqeda olwenzeka endaweni Kusolakala ka-shellfish - ezihlabayo, amatshe. Umquba emasimini kumele asuse decontaminated biothermal indlela.

flash Abantu dicroceliasis kaningi ezindaweni lapho kucatshangwa zikhona izinambuzane, kodwa phakathi kwabo, izintuthwane. Futhi, kwamanye amazwe esetshenziswa abantu imithi. Ukuze "catch" yisikhohliso, umuntu kudingeka ulandele elula imithetho kwenhlanzeko.