Isibalo sabantu baseNingizimu Afrika. Ukwakheka yobuhlanga abantu zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika

South Africa - kakhulu eningizimu futhi iningi asethuthukile namazwe Afrika izwekazi. Inani labantu base-South Africa emelelwa yisibalo esikhulu sabasebenzi esingakaze abamhlophe Asians ezwekazini. On insimu yalo iwukuba bezizwe eziningi ekhaya, abameleli ezinye zazo njalo ulwela isihloko kwezakhamuzi zokuqala.

Inani labantu base-South Africa: isakhiwo kanye nenombolo

Inani labantu base-South Africa has 52 million. On ezihlukahlukene Ukwakheka yobuhlanga nohlanga yezwe ingenye lokuqala lase-Afrika. Ngesisekelo uhlanga nezakhamuzi zingahlukaniswa zibe abamnyama, abamhlophe, amaKhaladi Asian. Isibalo abamhlophe lehla njalo ngonyaka. Isizathu salokhu iyona ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe kwamanye amazwe, kanye nokwanda okuphawulekayo black.

abamnyama eNingizimu Afrika cishe 80%. Iningi lazo Bantu. Lezi zihlanganisa i-Zulu, Sotho, ngesiTsonga, isiXhosa, isiTswana, Shangaan, Swazi nabanye. Izimpilo nabantu umbala kuleli zwe. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu mulattos - inzalo of imishado exubile European futhi Afrika. Esikhathini Asians eningizimu-mpumalanga ixazululwe, iningi okuyinto - amaNdiya. Ukwakheka amaKhaladi kuhlanganisa Cape Malay futhi kwabaThwa ne Hottentots.

Ngenxa okunhlobonhlobo izilimi kazwelonke 11 ezisemthethweni yokutholwa kuleli zwe. BaseYurophu Ethnic ukukhuluma ngesiBhunu. Ngokuba ingxenye umlungu izwe, isiNgisi yisona unina, ngesikhathi esifanayo ke wenza umsebenzi siwulimi olukhulunywa emazweni amaningi. Zonke ezinye izilimi isimo uphakathi kwabantu abangenalo leli Bantu.

Labantu zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika

Umbuzo ukuthi ubani ofanelekayo kungokwalabo endaweni yaseNingizimu Afrika, bekulokhu abukhali njalo. Sekuyisikhathi eside abantu Kalosha wabalwela isihloko zomdabu. Eqinisweni, futhi bafika khona ngekhulu XVII, baseYurophu nabaseMelika uBantu kukhona lezi abanikazi bamakoloni umhlaba. Labantu kweqiniso of South Africa - kungcono kwabaThwa futhi Hottentots.

Ngakho izizwe zakwa-laba bantu bazinza kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Afrika, kubandakanya iNingizimu Afrika. Ziyakwazi uhlanga kapoidnoy - ingxenye subclass enkulu abamnyama. Bobabili izizwe zifana ngokubukeka, ezifana alula kakhulu kunomoya abamnyama, isikhumba nge tinge ngokubomvu, izindebe mncane, ngesiqu encane, izici Mongoloid. Ulimi lwabo kungokwalabo iqembu Khoisan, sihluke zonke izilimi emhlabeni ukuchofozwa ongwaqa.

Naphezu ukufana sobala, izizwe ezakha abantu zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika zihlukile. Hottentots babe pastoralists, babe isiko impahla okuthuthukile. Lokhu abantu abangophakimpi. bavame kwadingeka ukuba alwela ukuvikela abanikazi bamakoloni Unelungelo khona. KwabaThwa, kunalokho, nenokuthula futhi bazole. Bamakoloni ngizoqothulwa ngobuningi abantu, ukusunduza kwamsondeza oGwadule LwaseKalahari. Ngenxa yalokho, i-kwabaThwa baye bahlakulela amakhono amahle kakhulu ukuzingela.

Hottentots futhi kwabaThwa zimbalwa. I bukhoma yokuqala ku-reserve, ingxenye ezimpilweni nemisebenzi e imizi nemizana. labantu wabo eNingizimu Afrika cishe 2000 abantu. KwabaThwa ezweni lawo lalingaba zinkulungwane 1. Bahlala ngamaqembu amancane ehlane, futhi ezisengozini yokushabalala.

Abamhlophe

Ngalesi sikhathi, inani abamhlophe kuleli zwe imayelana 5 miliyoni. 1% kuphela kubo - abo ayizifiki. Ezinye izindaba zika-Abamhlophe eNingizimu Afrika imelelwa inzalo bamakoloni. Iqembu enkulu (60%) kukhona amaBhunu, mayelana 39% yisiNgisi-Afrika.

Kufike abaMhlophe bokuqala e 1652 eNingizimu Afrika, babe Dutch. Zazilandelwa isiJalimane, isiFulentshi, lase, Ireland, kanye nezinye izizwe. Izizukulwane zabo zathola bamunye isizwe ngokuthi amaBhunu. ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko ngesiBhunu, eyasungulwa ngesisekelo imixhantela Dutch. Eceleni labelwe phakathi wamaBhunu amabhunu subculture.

Isibalo sabantu baseNingizimu Afrika kanye bakha Anglo-Afrika njengoba ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko basebenzisa isiZulu. Okhokho babo bafike endaweni State ekhulwini XIX, yakhelwe nguhulumeni waseBrithani. Isikhathi esiningi kwakuyizwi isiNgisi, Scottish futhi Irish.

kobandlululo

Isibalo sabantu baseNingizimu Afrika kuba njalo esimweni sokuba itholane phezulu. I umbango okwenzeka phakathi kwezizwe zala uBantu nomhlophe, hhayi kuphela kodwa futhi phakathi kwamaqembu amabili e izifiki zaseYurophu. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX labantu elimhlophe anesikhundla evelele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umgomo oyinhloko kwaba ukuhlukanisa emhlophe esuka kubantu abamnyama kuleli zwe.

Ngo-1948, i-ngemibono namaBhunu kuhlangene Anglo-Afrika, amakilasi ezifundo inqubomgomo ukuhlukaniswa ngohlanga noma uhulumeni wobandlululo. Labantu elimnyama ngokuphelele bamukwa amalungelo abo. Wanqatshelwa abantu bangayithola imfundo esezingeni, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, kanye operation evamile. Ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa yayizovela kuso omakhelwane ezimhlophe, hamba ukuthutha ngisho eme eceleni abelungu.

Umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba futhi amaqembu abantu athize nezinhlangano iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 bezama ukumisa kobandlululo. Ekugcineni-ke wakwazi ukwenza kanjalo ize 1994.