Order, indondo eliphakeme e-USSR nezikhathi ezahlukene emlandweni Soviet

Omunye izinqumo lokuqala amandla laseSoviet esinqumweni ku ukuqedwa wonke ama-oda, izindondo kanye nezinye timphawu Russia yasebukhosini, esenziwa ngo-November 1917. Noma kunjalo, uMbuso mumbe, ngisho esekelwe emibonweni yabantu nasendleleni yabo lamaKhomanisi idinga imivuzo yayo.

Order of the Red Banner yethulwa ngo-September 1918, ukumaka kubo amasosha futhi balawuli iRed Army, owabonisa ubuqhawe esithile kulwiwa. Ngokuhambisana nenqubomgomo kazwelonke jikelele, izimpawu ezifanayo kwangena namanye ama-republic lapho amandla siye saba abasebenzi (Azerbaijan, Armenia, eBukhara, Khorezm futhi Georgian).

Ngo-1922, kube semthethweni kumiswa isimo esisha sobunye. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Order, indondo eliphakeme zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa - konke okufanayo "i-Red Flag" (aka - kuphela, ngaphandle isikhali ngokulinganisa). Ngo-1924, uba ukubaluleka zonke-sobunye.

With ukuthuthukiswa apharathasi isimo kunesidingo ukuhlukanisa phakathi izinhlamvu ngokuvumelana sokunconywa yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sezombusazwe kuleliya lizwe idale ochungechungeni lwamacala amahloni. Madoda Eziningi zalezi timphawu lokuqala wamavukelambuso ngasizathu simbe, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi "bayizitha zabantu."

Ngo-1930, kanye "Red Star" yasungulwa ngokulandela Order, indondo eliphakeme zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa - Lenin. Ngokubukeka kwakhe okubonakala bonke ubukhazikhazi sobuhle bayo engavamile Stalin sikhathi, futhi wawenziwe kusukela platinum kanye igolide.

Isihloko Hero kweSoviet Union, esungulwe ngo-1934. Ekuqaleni, abantu ukhishwa lokhu umahluko omkhulu, ethola isitifiketi se-CEC, kodwa njengoba lo iphepha ukuthwala azungeze kwaba ungakhululekile, ngaphezu ke kusukela 1937 baqala ukunikeza uzothatha indondo yegolide emncintiswaneni inkanyezi ezinhlanu olucijile. Order, indondo eliphakeme zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa, ne iphrofayili Lenin, sigcwalisa umfanekiso phambi isakhamuzi ahlonishwe emphakathini. Ngemva konyaka, kwanqunywa ezingeni eliphezulu ukuthi uphawu efanayo bafanelwe hhayi kuphela lempi, kodwa futhi abasebenzi. Kubo, Hero of Socialist Labour wethula isihloko, okuyinto ewina Diploma ye-CEC, Order of Lenin kanye ezinhlanu enamaphoyinti indondo yegolide ne-logo ye "isando isikela" phakathi nendawo weJiyomethri.

Ngo-November 1943, i-oda lempi yasungulwa, okuyinto indondo eliphakeme wase-USSR ngokuba generalship sokunconywa futhi yabizwa ngokuthi "Wokunqoba". ojenene bakhe kwanikezelwa ngempumelelo wachitha imisebenzi yabo ezweni izimpi futhi yasishintsha isimo amasu esivuna Army Soviet. Madoda lakhe lokuqala baba semashi futhi ojenene. Phakathi kwabo Zhukov, Vasilevsky, Konev, Rokossovsky, Antonov, futhi-ke, yena IV UStalin. Uyitholile futhi izakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe abenze, ngokuvumelana ubuholi Soviet, neqhaza elikhulu kokunqotshwa nobuNazi: Eisenhower, Montgomery, Broz Tito, ngisho Romanian Korol Mihay, nje impi akhe sizana wangaphambili, uHitler.

Emashumini eminyaka ngemva kwempi, amaqiniso amaningi zomlando ziye ngokuphindaphindiwe baphinde bahlola futhi washintsha umbono Order of USSR. Izithombe ngabaholi bezempi party, ngesandla esivulekile lihlotshiswe imiklomelo wathola ngezinye izikhathi njengoba lokuzalwa, ungamngezi ekuhlonipheni kazwelonke. Kwakuvame ukuba kube yibo isihloko usulu ngenxa caustic.

I ukwehla, okuyinto yabekwa indondo Soviet kunakho konke, "Star of the Hero", waqala ngo-1956, lapho amagama "e Mayelana nomkhosi wokuhlanganisa iminyaka 60" ke wamnikela GK Zhukov, owayenguNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela. Indondo kwaba wesine ukuthi awunazo izimali wephule umthetho, kodwa sycophants akuyona udidekile like iningi Marshal. IV Stalin, ngasendleleni, egqoka Star ingubo ka Hero of Socialist Labour, uma ucabangela ukuthi lo migilingwane izikhali angawenzanga ...

ukucasula Olubangelwa ukhishwa Star of the Hero yabaseGibithe uMongameli Nasser nomyali wakhe oyinhloko Amer. UVladimir Vysotsky wabhala ingoma-iphamfulethi owawungumnyaka string "kungaba ngcono uma igolide lanikezwa impi ..." futhi waveza isifiso ukukhetha oda.

NS Khrushchev kwaba kathathu Hero of Socialist Labour and Hero kweSoviet Union (ukhishwa ngosuku lokuzalwa kwakhe 70, ngo-1964). Ngo LI UBrezhnev esifubeni sakhe kwadingeka "izinkanyezi" ezinhlanu njengomuntu nogologo ezinhle, singabali omunye imiklomelo eminingi, kuhlanganise i the Order of "Wokunqoba". uhlelo Premium ye-USSR ekupheleni ukhona, sekwande amorphous futhi ungenalutho, like izwe ngokwalo.

Ngenxa yalezi amasosha efanayo ukubaluleka imiklomelo yinani ukuthi wayenalo ithuba ukukhokhela esibhakabhakeni obunokuthula phezu kwamakhanda ethu umsebenzi kunzima futhi igazi lamasosha.