Amazwe ase-Afrika ayimangalisa futhi athakazelisayo

Izwekazi elikhulu kakhulu , okwesibini kuphela e-Eurasia, yi-Afrika. Itholakala e-eastern hemisphere futhi ithatha ingxenye yesihlanu yomhlaba womhlaba wonke. Ezingxenyeni zonke leli zwekazi ligezwa ngamanzi: entshonalanga yi-Atlantic Ocean, empumalanga yiLwandle Olubomvu ne-Indian Ocean, enyakatho ngeLwandle iMedithera, kanti iSuez Canal ihlukanisa ne-Asia. Lena inombolo enkulu yabantu nezizwe, amasiko nezinkolelo.

Amazwe ase-Afrika, okungaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu, amancane nezinkulu, atholakale ensimini yezwekazi, kuze kube yilapho nje beyingxenye yamazwe aseYurophu, njengamakoloni awo. Futhi kusukela kuphela ama-60 e- Afrika, izizwe kanye nabantu abahlala kuzo, baqala ukuphatha amazwe abo. Kodwa iminyaka yobugqila yayingeyona ize. Amazwe angaphandle ayengenasithakazelo ekuqeqeshweni nasekuthuthukiseni abantu kanye nezindawo zamakoloni awo, ahlukanisa ngisho nakakhulu abantu beleli zwekazi, ebaphoqelela ukuba balwe, ngakho-ke yonke indawo ebumpofu nokungafundi, futhi imingcele yabanye ihlukanisa lezi zinhlanga ezimbili zibe amakamu amabili okulwa. Amazwe ase-Afrika asalindile ekuthuthukiseni ngenxa yokuntuleka kochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe. E-Afrika, izizwe eziningi eziseduze zihlala ngezilimi ezahlukene futhi zinamakholo ahlukene. Isimo sengqondo esingenakubekezelelwa sabantu abamhlophe ebantwini abamnyama sakhuthaza intuthuko kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe. Amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika asemelene nale nkinga, isibonelo, njengeSomalia, iSudan, eRwanda.

Kodwa kakade eminyakeni eyi-90, lapho umongameli weRiphabhliki yaseNingizimu Afrika, nomnyama, eba uNelson Mandela, okhethwe ngentando yeningi, wonke amazwe ase-Afrika "wabona ukukhanya ekupheleni komugudu."

Kodwa nokho isiko laso lesizwe, amasiko, ngenxa yekoloni, yathola ushintsho oluqinile. Ama-Arabs namaYurophu asebenzisa ithonya elikhethekile emazweni ase-Afrika. Ngenxa yalokho, iGibhithe, i-Maghreb namanye amazwe asenyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika kubhekwa kakhulu ngezwe lama-Arab, yamukele. Bahlangene nalokhu emazweni ase-Afrika ogwini olusentshonalanga, eMadagascar, eZanzibar naseMauritius.

Kulo lonke leli zwekazi, ithonya laseYurophu landa kakhulu. Futhi, izwe elinjalo lase-Afrika njengeNingizimu Afrika, lamukele isiqondiso saseBrithani sokuthuthukiswa. Kulokhu, iNamibia yajoyina.

I-Russia sekuyisikhathi eside ihlangana nobudlelwane be-Afrika, ngisho nangaphansi kukaCatherine II, yasungulwa neMorocco futhi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 - ne-Ethiopia.

I-Afrika inesithakazelo semvelo yayo, ihlanganisa izimila zasendle nehlane elingenamkhawulo. Futhi, abantu abahlala kuleli zwekazi bathi bangamaSulumane aseSunni enyakatho, ubuKristu, amaSulumane nezinkolo zendawo eTropical Africa, naseNingizimu - ubuKristu, amaKatolika namaProthestani, kanye nobuJuda.

Izikhumbuzo eziyingqayizivele zomlando wemiphakathi yokuqala ziheha izivakashi eziningi ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene ziye e-Afrika, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwebhizinisi lapha seluvele luthuthukile, nakuba lukhona emazweni angasemngceleni, ngoba izindawo eziningi zivinjelwe yizihlahla ezincane kakhulu zezimila nezilwane ezihlala khona.