I-GDP yangempela

Ngazi kanjani kahle futhi ephumelelayo indlela yokubhekana nezinkinga umnotho wezwe? Kungenzeka yini ukuba umuntu abale imisebenzi yayo isikhathi esithile? Yiqiniso, lokhu kungenzeka. Ngenxa yale njongo, ukubaluleka Macroeconomics Gross Domestic Product (GDP esifushanisiwe).

GDP - yinani lamanani emakethe izimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa sokugcina futhi wenza isikhathi esithile kulelo zwe. Kukhona-GDP okuzisholo futhi ngempela. Ake sicabangele ngayinye yalezi zincazelo ezibalulekile.

Okuzisholo GDP - efinqa ukuthi alinganise inani okukhipha ngamanani kubhekwe esikhathini ukubala. It sishintsha njalo ngonyaka. Izizathu zalokhu ezimbili. Okokuqala, lishintsha sesilinganiso sentengo yezimpahla kanye namasevisi. Okwesibili, ivolumu Imininingwane ngokomzimba kwezintathu zomkhiqizo nayo liphuma, noma, kunalokho, incipha. Ngokwesibonelo, amanani azo zonke izigaba izimpahla namasevisi liye laphindeka kabili kule nkathi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-GDP okuzisholo futhi kabili, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi umnotho kule nkathi yesikhathi nokusebenza ngendlela egculisayo nokuningi kahle. Ukuze ukwehlukanisa ushintsho GDP elafika ngenxa ukwanda kanye Ukwehla amanani, izinguquko GDP, kukhona ngokulingana ngqo ivolumu sendaba, sethule GDP yangempela. Ukuze uthole lesi silinganiso, kufanele wenze ezinye izibalo.

Real-GDP - sibalo ivolumu sokuboshwa ngokomzimba imikhiqizo kanye namasevisi ngesikhathi ngezikhawu ezehlukene usebenzisa uhlu yonke imikhiqizo eyenziwe kokubili nezikhathi ngamanani njalo. Okungukuthi, ukubala GDP olucutshungulwayo ivumela ukuziba kwamandla emali.

I-GDP yangempela kusiza ukuba baqonde indlela ethuthukisiwe noma saba sibi kakhulu isimo somnotho phakathi nonyaka. Ngokwesibonelo, kubalulekile ukuqhathanisa umthamo we-GDP i-2011 no-2012. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ivolumu zonke izimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo kukhiqizwa unyaka ngamunye iphindaphindwe amanani abo ngo-2011. Le ndlela ivumela ukuba ubone ukukhula langempela okukhiphayo.

Ukubalwa GDP yangempela kungenzeka ukuthola ngezinye izindlela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukwehlukana okuzisholo GDP Inani we deflator GDP kanye Inkomba intengo e-GDP. Kube kuzodinga izibalo olwengeziwe. GDP deflator - kuyinto analogue of the CPI (Inkomba amanani umthengi). It ikuvumela ukuba ufunde izinguquko izindleko zokukhiqiza, ingxenye-GDP. Deflator ukubala kudinga amakhetho uhla ethile kwezimpahla namasevisi. Le kit kuhlanganisa, ngaphezu izindleko kubhasikidi umthengi, izimpahla sithenge nguhulumeni, imikhiqizo adayiswa emakethe izwe, izimpahla utshalomali. I deflator-GDP, ngokungafani kuya-CPI, esekelwe isakhiwo samanje ukukhiqizwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi deflators kusukela eminyakeni ezahlukene ngeke kuqhathaniswe, ngoba ibonisa amasethi ezahlukene izinzuzo.

Lokho, ngendlela ehlukile, ungasho ukuthi GDP yangempela - kuyinto GDP, "ukuhlanzwa" by umthelela izinguquko ezingeni intengo. Nasi isibonelo. Emali engu-15%, kanye GDP okuzisholo kunyuke ngo-20%. Ngakho, i-GDP yangempela sakhula ngo-5%. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa Kulesi sibonelo, ifomula ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngamazinga aphansi yokushintsha, okungukuthi, ne encane izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali.

Ake sicabangele amaphuzu ayinhloko okumele kukhunjulwe lapho kubalwa kwe-GDP. Kumele babhekelele imikhiqizo akhawunti ukusetshenziswa ukuphela. Okungukuthi, izibalo awaveli izimpahla Lesisemkhatsini. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho kufakwe ukubala yenani GDP semoto Akubalulekile cabanga eceleni intengo nje kwamasondo ayo.

Lapho kubalwa GDP kuhlanganisa amasevisi kanye nemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngesikhathi yokubika isikhawu sesikhathi. GDP kuyinto ngamanani emakethe. I-GDP kuhlanganisa kuphela izimpahla namasevisi ezikhiqizwayo kulelo zwe.