Amapaki kazwelonke Leningrad esifundeni. izindawo Okuvikelwe

Kunzima yokugcizelela indlela imithombo zokulondolozwa of Leningrad esifundeni abahlala a wezigidigidi Petersburg ezibalulekile. Bakha i "Uhlaka imvelo" esifundeni, ukukhonza ke ngesihlangu oluhlaza. Yiqiniso, yokusondelana amasayithi ezinkulu zemvelo usimamise isimo kwemvelo esifundeni.

National Park "Karelian Isthmus"

amapaki kazwelonke Leningrad esifundeni angakwazi ozibongayo "Karelian Isthmus", esemgwaqweni phakathi komfula iNeva futhi ingxenye Leningrad esifundeni Karelia imingcele. He is ngobukhulu endaweni Petersburg. Kusinda izwe elincane nge sendawo yayo, kokuphakama (ukuphakama Koltushskoe), emifuleni nasemachibini amaningi. On insimu yalo enkulu kukhona abangaba ngu-700 emachibini, emifuleni eziningana (inhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke kubo - edumile Vuoksa Losevsky imibundu).

A ebukeka ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, uyabukeka emehlweni nge olunothile yayo, ezakhiwe umsebenzi kwezinguzunga zeqhwa zasendulo. Ezinkulu yamadwala iziprofetho ezitholakala kuyo yonke inqolobane. amachibi yakhe eminingi ivelaphi njengoba kudingeka ukuze zeqhwa.

Ikakhulu amahlathi coniferous namanje akhawunti-60% ezindaweni ezabelwe. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa ukujula nezilwane zalo. Ngaphezu evamile izingwejeje, izimpungushe, izingulube zasendle, lapha ungathola amabhere, izimpisi, lynx, futhi phakathi kwezinyoni - grouse grouse emnyama capercaillie. Emachibini we mdweshu namanje walondoloza zezinyoni ezingavamile izinhlanzi: whitefish, Grayling, whitefish.

Umuntu mkhuba esiyingqayizivele kwemvelo National Park ibhalwe ezindaweni ezivikelwe (PAS) - zonke Karelian Isthmus amathathu nanhlanu.

Omunye wabo - isikhumbuzo bemvelo Lake Hawk eduze Smithy esiteshini. Lake njengoba sandwiched phakathi emaweni egwadle amawa kumamitha angu-50 ukuphakama. amawa ezidumile ikakhulukazi Parnassus, edonsela abaqwali abasubathi.

Ezinye zezindawo avikelwe ngokukhethekile amapaki kazwelonke we-Leningrad esifundeni - eyaziwa, basesimweni ibanga elincane emzini, nezindawo zokulondoloza imvelo kanye Gladyshevsky Lindulovskaya Grove.

Yemvelo reserve Botanical eduze nedolobhana Roshchino

Lindulovskaya Grove - omunye ngaphandle kwekuhlela kabusha lesikhumbuzo kaPetru 1. Qala lokhu abadumile, omdala emasimini Europe larch uqalwe 1738 by uhlelo koMbusi, okuthiwa khula shanguzo ibhizinisi lomkhumbi.

Kanye zinhlobo endala esiyingqayizivele larch, ezikhulayo Grove, nezinye AmaConifers: laseSiberia uphayini, ngesihlahla sonwele * nomthidari, yebo isihlekehleke somuthi, umlotha, Elm. izihlahla ngamunye ubudala zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha 40-50 amamitha, ububanzi - ezingaphezu kuka-1 imitha. Ukutshala baqhubeka futhi kuvuselelwe ngesikhathi yonke zokugcina 200 eminyakeni futhi waba esikoleni amahlathi Russian.

Grove afakwe "Centre yomlando ka Saint Petersburg kanye izakhiwo ezihlobene esikhumbuzo" UNESCO into evikelwe.

inqolobane Gladyshevsky

Lokhu reserve itholakala cishe eduze Lindulovskaya Grove. He qamba esanda kutholakala, ngo-1996. Kuthatha ngempela endaweni enkulu 8400 amahektha.

Impahla eyinhloko esiqiwini - izindawo ngoba salmonids nomngane wabo njalo - a silwanyana ezingavamile ngokuthi pearl European. Lokhu pair nolimi uhlala ikakhulukazi Black River, lapho Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-Institute of ukuvikelwa Fisheries iminyaka eminingi

Futhi yini ngaphezulu, unyaka nonyaka, ososayensi bazama lokuba kubuyiselwe futhi kwandisa isibalo sabantu salmon (futhi lokhu salmon aseBaltic nasengxenyeni Baltic salmon trout) ku amanzi oMfula Black. Izinkulungwane fingerlings umake akhiqizwa emfuleni, kukhona begadiwe. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukudoba amateur asivumelekile, abazingela ngokungemthetho namanje ukubamba ezinye salmon.

Izazi zemvelo Amateur, ngokuvakashela Gladyshevsky reserve, uqaphele ukuthi ngisho isimo samanje ngokunganaki uye walondoloza kwezinhlobo eziningi izinambuzane (izimvemvane ahlukahlukene, iminyovu, izinyosi), izinyoni (Iziqophamithi, surto, oklebe). Quadrupeds ngokuvamile kubonakala izimpungushe, izingwejeje, namagundane.

Sablinsky lesikhumbuzo yemvelo

amapaki kazwelonke Leningrad esifundeni bangaziqhayisa futhi Sablinskaya lesikhumbuzo zemvelo. Itholakala Tosno endaweni eduze Ulyanovka emzaneni. It izivakashi eziningi emihumeni yokufakelwa - umphumela ezimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba of Silica isihlabathi engxenyeni 2 XIX - emakhulwini okuqala eminyaka XX, phakathi kowezi isakhiwo Petersburg. Isithakazelo futhi Rapids phezu kwemifula kanye Tosna Sablinka.

Natural Park "Vepsian ihlathi"

Okubekiwe namapaki kazwelonke we-Leningrad esifundeni nazo ohlwini lwakhe ihlathi Vepsian. Okuqotho pearl zemvelo itholakala amakhilomitha angamakhulu amathathu kusukela Petersburg. Lokhu eco-friendly nature nge endaweni enkulu ayizinkulungwane 189. Ha. Ngo-1999 wathola isimo ezindaweni avikelwe ngokukhethekile (PAS).

ihlathi Vepsian walondoloza amahlathi ayekhona kusukela endulo, cishe angathintwanga ezomnotho izimiso zokusebenza kwemvelo. Insimu esingavamile inamagquma, inqwaba, amachibi asezintabeni endaweni engamamitha 200-250 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle, emifuleni eminingi. Cishe isigamu kuyahlanganiswa kakhulu ezingavamile enyakatho-ntshonalanga ubudala, iminyaka sonwele namahlathi kaphayini uvikelekile ngaphansi ikhava yayo esengozini "Red List" izitshalo. amahlathi Veps nasemaxhaphozini kungaba ozibongayo khona 57 zezinyoni ezingavamile. Phakathi kwabo, lo Indwandwe empunga, capercaillie, bakwaZebhuloni ensimini, Goldeneye, abamnyama ikhayithi.

Ezingaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu endaweni Vepsian ihlathi embozwe emaxhaphozini futhi mhlawumbe ebaluleke kunayo impahla yakhe. Lona omunye ambalwa endaweni ka emaxhaphozini, hhayi ngaphansi ngenkasa, ngenkathi ugcina yayinjalo izindawo lokushutheka bendabuko. Mhlawumbe ihlathi Vepsian ikhumbuza bonke Meschera National Park.

federal National Park Meschera

eziyinkimbinkimbi Environmental wadala ngenjongo zemvelo ukonga ezingaba elisezansi Meshchersky, elise-ntshonalanga uVladimir esifundeni (eseduze imingcele edolobheni laseMoscow kanye nezifunda Ryazan). 118 ayizinkulungwane. Amahektha yimifula eminingi nasemachibini, futhi emaxhaphozini hlala 5 izinkulungwane. Ha., Njengoba u-70% indawo imbozwe amahlathi. Usuvele ungumnikazi wale wesibalo amaphuzu ubunjalo elihlukile esiqiwini.

Ochwepheshe Environmental ukugcizelela evelele ukubaluleka Meshchery, njengoba lesi kuyisikhathi lapho emelelwa ngokugcwele kakhulu zinhlobo European kwamahlathi coniferous kanye lezihlahla. Ngenxa yalesi Symbiosis ezingavamile lesobolotnyh ukusinda silondoloze inzalo izilwane eziningi ezinkulu futhi izinyoni. Kuphela Meshchersk amahlathi uhlalwe Desman Russian - zinhlobo relict omkhaya imvukuzane.

Ubuningi izinyoni isidleke esiqiwini, kuhlanganise semvelo esengozini: nonogolantethe ezimhlophe, Indwandwe empunga, bittern, Curlew.

Ngakho-ke, akukhona ukweqisa uma sithi Meschera National Park - iparele bangempela ifa yemvelo.

Nizhnesvirsky Nature Reserve ebaluleke federal

National Parks Petersburg naseLeningrad esifundeni angakwazi ozibongayo Nizhnesiverskim Nature Reserve. Itholakala eseningizimu endaweni Ladoga, ihlanganisa indawo ka 41 amahektha, izwe amahektha ayizinkulungwane 36 kuphela, okunye - .. izindawo Water Echibi Ladoga futhi delta emfuleni Svir.

I flat landscape of the complex lemvelo lingesona nekhazimulayo, sici esiwuphawu - flora ocebile ezilwaneni nasezimileni.

ngokuchichima umxhwele Waterfowl. emakamu eliphezulu ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo and ekwindla zonyaka Uphinde agibele. Ngalesi sikhathi, uma wena lucky, ungabuka phezu kwamanzi ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi, Amadada, Teal, goose grey. Futhi balandise bonke ornithologists ngoba zezinyoni ezingu-260 lapha.

Hhayi kunabayeni kubo ku ukwehluka futhi "labantu" ophilayo ku nezilwane zasezweni - Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle kuphela zikhona 44 zinhlobo: amaphiva, ibhere, i-beaver, ama-lynx, Wolverine nezinye amanzi Lake Ladoga Sekuyisikhathi eside eyayihlala okuthiwa kwezinhlobo sendawo, siphile kuphela endaweni ethile - uphawu Ladoga .. A angenasawoti lamprey evamile, owaziwa abaningi abawazi ngokuthi uju izinhlanzi.

dada reserve

National Parks Petersburg naseLeningrad esifundeni Ungakwazi futhi ngiziqhayise Lebyazhya Reserve. Lena enye indawo yemvelo avikelwe ngokukhethekile. Reserve wathola isimo ezengeziwe bezwe amanzi ukulingana ukubaluleka ngamazwe, itholakala ugu oluseningizimu ye-Gulf of Finland ku Lomonosov wesifunda.

Waqaphela njengoba lokuma ebukeka elisogwini oluseningizimu ye-bay. Nakuba lokungcolisa akuyona omkhulu kangaka - 6400 ha reserve inenani eliphezulu kwemvelo. Kukholakala ukuthi ukuhlukahluka isitshalo zezinyoni nezilwane akalingani namuntu e Leningrad esifundeni. 200 izinhlobo izakhamuzi zakhona isivele ezisohlwini Red Encwadi WaseRussia.

I okwakhe of indawo yayo (ugu emanzini angajulile) uhlonze kanye inkazimulo esiqiwini, njengoba kubonakala igama layo - Swan. Entwasahlobo and ekwindla lapha zithuthelekela izinkulungwane izinyoni ezifudukayo ezenza mass kufuduka ngasogwini. Njalo ngonyaka yokupaka ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi amaningi njengoba 30 000 izinhlobo zezinyoni.

Indawo engcwele esiyingqayizivele ukhona ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu okwamanje. Cishe wonke coast iyokwakhiwa; nokuqinisa lokuthumela nokungcoliswa kwamanzi kuholela kokufa ezifana izilwane ezingavamile njengoba uphawu ringed futhi grey uphawu.

amapaki kazwelonke Leningrad esifundeni, futhi hhayi kuphela zinenani elikhulu. I kungumsebenzi zonke umuntu - ukuze iwagcine futhi ukudlulisela ezizukulwaneni ezizayo!