Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali: umqondo, ezingeni emali, izinhlobo zalo

Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kuba nesimo lapho iziteshi imali kwegazi ayochichima ngokweqile imali supply. Lokhu kuboniswa ukwanda lezimpahla amanani.

Njengoba buyinto kwezomnotho emali empeleni uvele ngaphambi kwekhulu lama-20, nakuba ngaphambili lalibonisa inkathi ukukhula intengo, isibonelo, phakathi nempi. Igama elithi "izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali" Uvele ukudluliswa okukhulu izinhlelo yemali kazwelonke yokuphatha imali yephepha. Ekuqaleni, umqondo wegama elithi "izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali" ngumkhuba yayihlanganisa okwedlula imali yephepha bese ukwehla kwabo okwengeziwe, okwaholela ukwanda lezimpahla amanani.

Umcabango

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, ukwenyuka kuwumphumela isethi eziyinkimbinkimbi yezici. Lokhu kufakazela ukuthi akusiyo luyingxenye into yamanje yemali ephathekayo. Kuba yisikhathi futhi lapho lomkhuba setepolitiki, kwezomnotho. Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kuthinte isimo umphakathi kanye psychology nomphakathi. Ngakho-ke, sinesizathu ukuvela kwegama elithi "emali": uma kwenzeka ukuthi umphakathi ulindele izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali esheshayo, kuyoba ngempela kuphakama.

Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, kancani kancani yingxenye umnotho emakethe, sisizwa izici eziningi zomhlaba wonke ezihlanganisa jikelele yokudluliswa nomphakathi, kanye namanani entengo izinhlelo, ukukhula ngokushesha futhi eyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yokwanda kwethuba lokuba isakhiwo zokukhiqiza, ukushintsha inqubo zamanani ngenxa ithonya wamabhizinisi monopolistic, ukuncishiswa intengo mncintiswano. Okwandisa nekusebenta ukukhiqizwa, njengoba umthetho, kubonakala ukuba angaweli kwamanani nokwenyuka ekukhiqizweni ezingenayo kanye inzuzo abahlanganyeli.

Dynamics amanani ukwenyuka - imfuneko noma kwehla amandla emali uqobo. Ukwenyuka kwemali kahulumeni nokungeneli kwesabelo sezimali - Ungomunye nezimbangela zayo.

amandla emali

Sici juqu iyona ubukhulu kwamandla emali. Emali ibalwa okusekelwe index intengo umthengi, nayo ezishicilelwe iziphathimandla kwezibalo. Ukuze ubone ukuthi izinga isikhathi esithile, kufanele makwande ukubala Inkomba nyangazonke futhi Imininingwane ezuziwe. Njengoba kuboniswa okuhlangenwe nakho zomlando, ayanda izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, i-sibi kangakanani emphakathini. izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali Jwayelekile libhekene 5% ekunyuseni amanani kagesi onyakeni. Agijima --100% ngonyaka, futhi ayehle kakhulu amandla emali - izinkulungwane amaphesenti ngonyaka.

Lokulingene, noma ezinwabuzelayo izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kusho amanani iphansana. izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali okunjalo njengenkulumo njengoba okuthile okungavamile. Abanye osomnotho abakholelwa ngisho nokuthi kuyasiza futhi bakhe kunengxenye ekukhuleni kwezomnotho. Lokhu kusinikeza ithuba lokufeza ephumelelayo intengo izinguquko kule nemibandela ziyaguquguquka funa kanye Ukuguquguquka okukhona yokukhiqiza. Lokulingene izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali ukuvumela imali ukuba silondoloze value esitebeleni.

Agijima izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali emnothweni kudala ukungezwani ngaphezulu, kodwa rise in amanani kungenziwa kwakubikezelwe. Imali ngokushesha kakhulu iba investimenti noma ezidayiswayo. Esigabeni sokuqala libhekene ukukhula supply imali, outstripping ukwanda amanani. On esigabeni esikhulu, isimo sishintshe kakhulu: ukwanda elibukhali amanani kungabangela ngisho ukwanda kancane supply imali, bachuma enana, enana yandisa.

Lapho ayehle kakhulu amandla emali amanani landa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-300% ngonyaka. Futhi ngokwehlukana ukukhulula super-Hyper-kwamandla emali, uma amanani anda inyanga ngayinye ngo-50%, kodwa emali akuyona mkhawulo. Ayehle kakhulu amandla emali yokuthi imali ubuqotho imali, esitolo lenani umsebenzi futhi ngezinga elithile value. Ijubane ukukhula kwamanani kuningi kunokomuntu inani lemali okungukuthi ejikelezayo.

Ngakho, izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali okusesilinganisweni eyamukelekayo futhi ayidingi ukusetshenziswa eyengeziwe izinyathelo izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali sihlale sizinzile emphakathini.